摘要
清朝在平定回部战争中对回众实行了攻城与攻心并举、宽严相济的招抚政策,即只打击小和卓霍集占及其党羽,对于未参加叛清活动和被大小和卓裹挟的回众,清朝一概不予追究。对于因战争而流散各处的回众,在归附后一般被迁回原住地安置。对于曾附从大小和卓的反清力量,在归附之后,部分交由回部当地驻扎大臣严加管理,部分被迁入内地分给绿营官兵役使。清朝对不同类型归附回众的针对性安置,大大减少了战争对于回部的破坏,也有效稳定了战后当地的社会秩序。
During the rebellion pacification campaign in southern Xinjiang,the Qing authorities implemented the policy of both military and psychological warfares along with lenient treatment towards the Uygurs.To be more specific,only Xoja Jahan,the younger Khwaja and his followers were targeted,while those who did not participate in the rebellion activities and who were coerced by the two Khojas were exempt from any punishment.Those who were displaced and scattered in various places due to the war were resettled back to where they had come from upon surrender.Those who had previously sided with the rebel forces of the two Khojas were either placed under strict control of local stationed officials in southern Xinjiang or sent to the hinterland and assigned to work for Green Standard Army units.The Qing government's targeted resettlement approach for different types of surrendered Uygurs greatly reduced the war damage to the Uygur people and effectively stabilized the local postwar social order.
作者
张帅
Zhang Shuai(Institute of Chinese Borderland Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100101)
出处
《军事历史研究》
2024年第1期10-17,共8页
Military History Research
基金
2020年国家社会科学基金重大项目“清朝西北边疆经略史”(20&ZD230)
中国社会科学院学科建设登峰战略优势学科“中国边疆史”(DF2023YS20)
关键词
乾隆朝
回部
霍集占
归附回众
安置
the Qianlong period
southern Xinjiang
Xoja Jahan
surrendered Uygurs
resettlement
