摘要
人民币国际化需要与之相适应的国内和国际法律制度保驾护航,而国际法律制度在国际货币领域集中体现为国际货币制度。通过对人民币国际化的国际货币制度需求与现行国际货币制度内容的比对分析,可以看出现行国际货币制度并不妨碍人民币国际化的开展和实现。具体而言,就现行国际储备制度而论,其并未阻碍人民币成为国际储备货币,甚至人民币"入篮"会对人民币作为国际储备货币的地位有所增进。就现行的国际支付制度而言,《IMF协定》要求经常项目可自由支付,并将资本项目支付交由各成员国支配的做法,亦不妨碍人民币国际化所需要的国际支付自由。就现行的国际汇率制度而言,人民币国际化所需要的自由浮动汇率制处于《IMF协定》所规定的自由汇率制的行列,且自由浮动汇率制更能避免汇率操纵的嫌疑。就现行的国际收支平衡调整制度而言,《IMF协定》并没有规定在一国出现大量逆差或盈余时负有强制性地调节国际收支的义务。既如此,实现人民币国际化更应眼睛向内,不断修炼自身的内功,检视我国与人民币国际化不相适配的法律制度并调整之。
The internationalization of RMB requires the protection by domestic law and international legal system, the latter of which is embodied in the international monetary system. By comparing the demand for international monetary system by RMB internationalization with the content of current international monetary system, it can be seen that the current international monetary system does not hinder the development and realization of RMB internationalization. To be specific, in terms of the current international reserve system, it does not prevent the RMB from becoming an international reserve currency. And inclusion of RMB in SDR Basket will even enhance the status of RMB as an international reserve currency. In terms of the current international payment system, the IMF agreement requires the current account convertibility, but leave the capital account payments to the discretion by IMF members, which does not hinder the free international payment required by RMB internationalization. In terms of the current international exchange rate system, the free floating exchange rate system required by RMB internationalization fall into the scope of the free exchange rate system stipulated in the IMF agreement. And a free floating exchange rate system would avoid the suspicion of violating the obligation to avoid manipulating exchange rates. In terms of the current balance of payments system, the IMF agreement does not stipulate that a country has a mandatory obligation to adjust its balance of payments when it has a large deficit or surplus. Therefore, to realize RMB internationalization, we should focus more on ourselves, examine and adjust our legal system that is not compatible with RMB internationalization.
作者
韩龙
景司晨
HAN Long;JING Sichen
出处
《经贸法律评论》
2019年第5期15-29,共15页
Business and Economic Law Review
基金
2013年国家社科基金重大项目“人民币国际化的法律问题研究”(项目批准号:13&ZD180)
2017年国家社科基金重大项目“‘一带一路’倡议与国际经济法律治制度创新研究”(项目批准号:17ZDA144).
关键词
国际货币制度
人民币国际化
法律需求
法律障碍
International Monetary System
RMB Internationalization
Legal Requirements
Legal Impediments
