摘要
与民事诉讼相关的调解可以细分为若干具有不同内涵的调解制度,在比较法上各法域之间也有比较明显的差异。与美国法上对于诉讼外/替代性纠纷解决方式的强调不同,德国语境下的调解有其特色。本文作者作为德国民事诉讼法领域的领军人物,在本文中介绍了立法修改的情况和新法实施五年后的最新进展。在原有法院外的调解、法院相关的调解和法院内调解的实践基础上,2012年的新《调解法》提供了清晰的法律规范框架。同时,新《调解法》为上述调解制度提供了就诉讼时效期间和其他时间限制、调解保密性、调解结果的执行力和调解费用方面的配套制度,对于调解员资格的认定也给出了相对明确的答案。新《调解法》的施行本身并未终结旧调解制度的争议,相反在解决一部分问题的同时,又导致了新争议的产生。本文作者进而认为,诉讼程序应当和各种形式的法院外纠纷解决机制自由竞争,这包括调解、和解、仲裁等各类被主动提供和被各方要求的程序。
The mediation institutions which relate to the civil procedure law have different groups with divergent contents.From the perspective of comparative law,there are differing systems of mediation as well.Compared to the emphasis on the alternative dispute resolution mechanism in the United States,the mediation under German law has its specialty.The author of this article,as the leading researcher in the field of civil procedure law in Germany,shows the general picture of revised statutes in Germany and the five-year development in practice since the enactment of the Mediation Law in 2012.Based on the existing extra-judicial mediation,court-related mediation together with in-court mediation,the new Mediation Law provides with clear legal framework for them.Besides,a number of attractive framework conditions are discussed,among which are the suspension of limitation periods and other time limits,confidentiality of the mediation,the enforceability of the result of mediation and costs of successful mediation proceedings.And the question of who may act as mediator was resolved with the Mediation Law.Taking effect of this Mediation Law itself has not terminated the disputes on the mediation,whereas the new law gives rise to some new issues.Finally,the author argues that there should be free competition between court proceedings and all forms of out-of-court dispute resolution(mediation,conciliation,arbitration etc.)that are being offered and demanded for.
出处
《经贸法律评论》
2020年第3期144-158,共15页
Business and Economic Law Review
关键词
纠纷解决
法院外调解
委托调解
诉讼调解
调解员
和解法官
Dispute Resolution
Extra-judicial Mediation
Court-related Mediation
in-Court Mediation
Mediator
Conciliation Judge
