摘要
根据90例(男:76例,女:14例)尸体锁骨下动脉及其部分分支之统计,有以下之初步结果:1.锁骨下动脉于颈部,高出锁骨上缘之平均距离为2.19厘米,及该点(锁骨上缘之点)至胸锁关节之距离平均长度为2.18厘米。2.锁骨下动脉移行为腋动脉时,并非在锁骨之中点通过,而在其中点之内侧平均距离为1.05厘米处通过。3.椎动脉、甲状颈干及胸廓内动脉(1例除外)均由锁骨下动脉之第一段发出;肋颈干在三段中均可发出,但左侧以第二段,右侧以第一段为多;颈横动脉同样可由三段中发出,但以第一段发出者为多见。4.甲状颈干分支类型共计18型,以第一、二型最多,应为标准型。5.肩胛上动脉起于甲状颈干或胸廓内动脉者,多在肩胛上韧带之上经过;起于锁骨下动脉第三段或腋动脉者,多在韧带之下经过。6.甲状腺下动脉行经喉下神经之前方者较后方为多,以左侧为甚,右侧前后之出现率几相等。
The position of the subclavian artery in the neck and the origin of its branches in 90 sides of 74 Chinese cadavers were observed and analysed.In the neck,the subclavian artery ascends about 2.19 cm above the upper border of the clavicle and about 1.05 cm medial to the middle-point of the clavicle.The origin of the vertebral artery,the thyrocervical trunk and the internal mammary artery(except 1 case)is very constant,arising from the first(or medial part)of the subclavian artery;the costo-cervical trunk may arise from any one of the three parts,on the left side more often from the second or middle part(62.5%)and on the right side more often from the first part(73.3%);the transverse cervical artery may also arise from any one of the three parts,more often from the first part(64.66%),as a branch of the thyro-cervical trunk.18 types Were observed in the pattern of branching of the thyro-cervical trunk.TypeⅠwith the artery divided into the inferior thyroid artery,ascending cervical artery,superficial cer-vical artery and suprascapular artery and typeⅡinto inferior thyroid ascending cervical,transverse cervical and suprascapular artery occurred more often than other types(typeⅠ18.00%and typeⅡ26.00%respectively).The supra-scapular artery arising from the thyro-cervical trunk or from the internal mammary artery in most cases passes above the suprascapular ligament;that arising from the third part of the subclavian artery or from the axillary artery in most cases passes below the ligament.On the left side the inferior thyroid artery more often passes in the front of the inferior laryngeol nerve,on the right side it passes in front and behind the nerve in almost equal num-bers.
作者
张昌贤
CHANG CH'AN-SIEN(Department of Anatomy,Wuhan Medical Bollege,Hankow)
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
1959年第3期215-225,共11页
Acta Anatomica Sinica
