摘要
在解剖显微镜下放大6~40倍观察了106例成人和儿童脑的willis氏环前部的血管,着重分析和探讨了与显微外科有关的问题。大脑前动脉近侧段左侧较右侧粗短;其主要变异是一侧发育不全,计18例,占8.49±1.91%,以右侧多见。A的全长往往呈现各种弯曲。两侧A越经视神经或视交叉的上方,至大脑纵裂,在视交叉前方(56.19±4.74%)或视交叉上方(43.81±4.74%)借前交通动脉相连。返动脉以一支型和两支型多见,多数起源于前交通动脉平面的大脑前动脉(52.53±2.89%),通常平行于A的前外侧方,但也有几种复杂的行程,手术时应予注意。返动脉的穿支数平均为4.5支,除穿入前穿质外,还可追溯到额叶底部沟回、大脑外侧裂和视交叉上部。前穿动脉也以一支型和两支型多见,通常由A外侧1/3的后上壁发起,以单干或分成若干穿支穿入前穿质,少数可追溯到嗅束、嗅三角、直回、胼胝体下回和视交叉等部。丘脑下部支主要发自A外侧1/3的前下壁,平均为8.6支,可追溯到视交叉、视束、前穿质、直回、胼胝体下回和胼胝体膝等部。前交通动脉的变异很多,正常型46例,占43.39±4.71%,由其背侧面后方恒定地发出平均为4.7条穿支,主要至丘脑下部及傍嗅区。由前交通动脉背侧面前方发出的胼胝体正中动脉有17例,出现率为16.0±3.57%,多数细小而短,至胼胝体膝部即终止,少数粗大,到达楔前叶。
The anterior portion of the circle of Willis was examined in 106 adult and child brains under 6~40 magnifications.In this study,the proximal portion of the left anterior cerebral artery(A_(1) segment)was larger and shorter than that of the right.The hypoplastic A_(1) were found in 8.49±1.91%,mostly on the right side.In approximately 50%cases,A_(1) were curved in their courses.A_(1) passed across the optic nerve or optic chiasma to the longitudinal fissure where they communicated with the opposite ant.cereb,art.by the short anterior communicating artery(AGOA)lying in front of the optic chiasma(56.19±4.74%).In most of the cases,the recurrent artery belonged to one-branch type or two-branch type.It arose from the ant.cereb,art.at the level of the AGOA in 52.53±2.89%,usually coursing anterior to A_(1) segment.This artery had many perforating branches(average 4.5)which perforated into the ant.perforated substance.Some of these branches may be traced to the inf.surface of frontal lobe,the olfactory sulcus,Sylvian fissure and suprachiasmatic area.In most cases,the anterior perforating artery belonged to one-branch type or two-branch type too,most frequently arising from the lat.portion of A_(1).It was usually divided into perforating branches to the ant.perforated substance.Some of them may be traced to the olfactory tract,olfactory trigone,gyrus rectus,subcallosal gyrus and optic chiasma.The hypothalamic branches mainly arose from the lat.portion of A_(1).The average number was 8.6.These branches may be traced to the optic tract,the dorsal surface of the optic chiasma,the ant.perforated substance,subcallosal gyrus and the genu of corpus callosum.The AGOA had many variations.In this study,the normal type was seen in 43.39±4.71%.The AGOA frequently gave rise to perforating arteries terminating in the suprachiasmatic area,the dorsal surface of the optic chiasma,lamina terminalis,subcal-losal gyrus,and the septic area.The number of perforating branches ranged from 1~8(average 4.7).The frequent variations such as double
作者
张为龙
Zhang Weilong(Department of Anatomy,Bethune Medical College)
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
1980年第2期151-160,共10页
Acta Anatomica Sinica
