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坐骨神经的显微外科解剖学研究 被引量:7

A STUDY OF THE MICROSURGICAL A NATOMY OF THE SCIATIC NERVE
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摘要 本文用21例成人坐骨神经,其中20例用醋酸滴浸,在肉眼和手术显微镜下解剖分离:1例做断面厚片和组织学切片照像。作者观察了坐骨神经干的位置、形态、大小和束数,绘制了坐骨神经干各断面的局部定位图,记录了名肌支和主要皮支发出的部位、粗度、束数和可分离长度。文中报道腓总神经从腓骨颈向上外到腘窝后面旋转了近180°。因神经干贴近骨面和大幅度地旋转,故在此处神经易受损伤。 1.The internal structures of the sciatic nerves were studied on 21 adult cadavers to meet the needs of microsurgical practice.Twenty specimens were infused topically with 90%acetic acid and their nerve bundles were dissected under surgical microscope(24×).The remaining one was cross sectioned,stained with SudanⅢand photographed microscopically(10×)then a series of histological slides were made(HE stain)and studied.The morphology,size and number of the nerve bundles were studied.The location of the bundles on each of the cross sections of the sciatic nerve at various levels was mapped.2.The site of branching,the diameter,the number of the bundles and the length capable of being dissected of each of the muscular and the main cutaneous branches were studied and recorded.3.On the way of ascending of the common peroneal nerve from the neck of the fibula up to the popliteal fossa,it rotates abruptly laterally about 180°Its muscular bundles,therefore,shift from originally anterolateral to the posteromedial aspect of the common peroneal nerve.4.The common peroneaI nerve lies closely to the bony surface of the neck of the fibula where it is fixed in a structure,named fibular tunnel.Its fixation by the tunnel and the abrupt lateral rotation of the common peroneal nerve is considered to be responsible for its liability of being traumatized.
作者 周长满 钟世镇(指导) 刘牧之(指导) Zhou Changman(Department of Anatomy,The First Military Medical College,Guangzhou)
出处 《解剖学报》 CAS 1984年第2期118-125,共8页 Acta Anatomica Sinica
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