摘要
三星堆文化向十二桥文化转变有一个过渡期,遗址点众多。过去一般将该阶段遗存归入十二桥文化,近年来又提出将其划归或部分划归三星堆文化的意见。通过对分布于成都平原该阶段遗存的陶器进行详细梳理,将其分为早晚两段。早段以"精品房"、"春雨花间"、"柳岸村",晚段以"博雅庭韵"、"李家院子"、"褚家村"等遗址点为代表。在此基础上进行文化因素分析,可知该阶段陶器包括A、B两群。A群器物主要包括小平底罐、盉、壶、瓶、觚形杯、高柄豆、鸟头、A型器盖等。A群陶器属于继承和延续三星堆文化的器物,但二者之间存在式的差异,表明过渡期与三星堆文化晚期在时间上并不重叠,且出现频率低,不占主导地位。B群器物完全异于A群,主要包括圈足罐、敛口罐、高领罐、圈足盆、平底盆、尖底罐、尖底杯、尖底盏、B型和C型器盖等。B群陶器为一群新器物,整体出现于过渡期早段,又被十二桥文化后续阶段整体继承,出现频率高,应属于过渡期的主体器物群。通过对陶器群的分析,认为三星堆文化向十二桥文化的转变是一种突变,推测是人群移动与族群融合造成的文化变迁,变迁背景应是"巴人西迁"。基于以上认识,应将过渡期遗存归入十二桥文化。
There was a transitional period between the Sanxingdui Culture and Shi’erqiao Culture,and many localities belonging to this period have been found.In the past,the remains of this transitional period were generally attributed to the Shi’erqiao Culture,and in recent years the opinions to attribute them completely or partly into the Sanxingdui Culture also appeared.This paper carefully sorted the pottery wares of this period distributed in Chengdu Plain,and divided them into two phases.The early phase is represented by the "Jingpin Fang(Fine Buildings)","Chunyu Huajian(Spring Raining Flower Garden)" and "Liu’an Cun(Willow-lined Riverbank Village)" Localities,and the late phase is represented by the "Boya Tingyun(Erudite Court)","Lijia Yuanzi(Courtyard of Li’s Family)" and "Chujia Cun(Village of Chu’s Family)" Localities.Based on the periodization,this paper conducted cultural element analysis to these pottery wares,and concluded that these pottery wares can be included into two groups:Group A,which included jars with small flat Bottoms,he-pitchers,pots,vases,gu-shaped cups,high-stemmed dou-bouis,bird heads,vessel lids of TYPEA,etc.,belongs to the pottery wares succeeding and continuing the Sanxingdui Culture,but they have subtype-level differences,showing that the transitional period and the late phase of Sanxingdui Culture did not have simultaneous stages;the pottery wares of Group A appeared in low frequency,and not played a dominating role;Group B consisted of a set of new pottery ware types,including jars with ringfeet,jars with contracted months,jars with high neck,basins with ring feet,basins with flat bottoms,jars with pointed bottoms,cups with pointed bottoms,vessel lids of Typps B and C,etc.,which appeared in the early phase of the transitional period as a whole,and was succeeded by the later stage of the Shi’erqiao Culture;the pottery wares of this group appeared in high frequency,and would belong to the major pottery assemblage in the transitional period.Through the analyses to the pottery gro
出处
《考古学集刊》
2019年第1期88-101,共14页
Archaeological Collectanea
基金
国家社科基金重大招标项目“西南地区冶金遗址调查与研究”(15ZDB056)子课题三的阶段性成果之一
关键词
四川
三星堆文化
十二桥文化
商周时期
Sichuan
Sanxingdui Culture
Shi’erqiao Culture
Shang and Zhou Dynasties
