摘要
知识是否不只寓存于个体的头脑之中,而且能够延伸至身体之外的物体或他人之上?环境中的物理状况和社会状况是否能够积极地参与构成认知主体的知识状态?对此类问题持肯定回答,就是承诺“延展知识”的存在。由于预设知识是一种特殊的信念,围绕延展认知和延展心智论题的讨论一度忽视对延展知识的专门分析,这种倾向近年来受到一些知识论学者的扭转。关于延展知识的问题与德性认识论之间具有密切联系,有必要探讨德性认识论如何能够从延展认知情境中得出延展知识论题。文章通过引入延展的理智德性,表明知识可以独立于信念而具有延展性,进而主张以“宽”的功能主义分析知识。
Does knowledge not only locate in the individual’s head,but also extend to external physical objects or other persons?Can environmental physical states or social states actively participate in the constitution of the epistemic agent’s knowledge states?An affirmative answer to such a kind of questions is committed to the existence of“extended knowledge”.For the presupposition that knowledge is a special kind of belief,the both debating camps around theses of extended cognition and extended mind have overlooked the analysis specially for extended knowledge for a long time,and this trend is being reversed by some epistemologists recently.The problem about extended knowledge is closely interconnected with virtue epistemology,so it’s worth exploring how the extended knowledge thesis can be derived from the extended cognition situation by virtue epistemology.By introducing extended intellectual virtues,it is shown that knowledge can be extended independently of belief,and can be analyzed by“wider”functionalism.
作者
蔡海锋
CAI Hai-feng(School of Marxism,Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361005,China)
出处
《科学技术哲学研究》
北大核心
2023年第4期36-42,共7页
Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“知识的延展性问题研究”(19YJC720002)
关键词
延展认知
延展知识
德性认识论
功能主义
extended cognition
extended knowledge
virtue epistemology
functionalism
