摘要
目的:调查新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下,大学生的心理应激状态及其影响因素。方法:2020年2月新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情爆发期间,采用应激感受量表(Perceived Stress Scale,PSS-10)、广泛性焦虑量表(Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale,GAD-7)及自编影响因素问卷,向中国大学生群体发放网络问卷。结果:共回收1?465份有效问卷,调查对象覆盖全国除澳门特别行政区及台湾地区以外各省市自治区,其中,29.4%为男生,70.6%为女生,平均年龄(标准差)为19.3(1.3)岁。结果发现,78.2%的大学生PSS-10得分超过临界分12分;23.2%的大学生GAD-7得分超过临界分5分。PSS-10得分无性别差异,女生GAD-7得分显著高于男生。每日运动时长不足、疫情信息了解程度低、感知新冠肺炎可治愈性低、感知传染风险高是大学生产生应激的危险因素;身体健康状况不佳、疫情信息关注时间长、感知可治愈性低、感知传染风险高是大学生产生焦虑的危险因素。结论:新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情中需要关注大学生的应激水平,可尝试通过适当增加运动时长、提高对疫情了解程度等方法降低大学生应激水平。
Objective:To investigate the prevalence and examine the predictors of perceived stress in Chinese college students during the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods:During the COVID-19 outbreak in February 2020,Perceived Stress Scale(PSS-10),Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7)and a self-designed associated factors questionnaire were distributed to college students in China over the internet.Results:In the end,1465 valid questionnaires,that were completed by students from provinces,cities and autonomous regions across the country except Macao and Taiwan,were collected,among which 70.6%were female students and 29.4%were male,with the mean age of 19.3(1.3)years.The findings showed that 78.2%of the participants exceeded the normative community score of 12 on the PSS-10 scale;and 23.2%exceeded the cut-point of 5 on the GAD-7 scale.Female students had a significantly higher GAD-7 mean score than males,and no gender difference was found in PSS-10.Low physical activity level,poor knowledge of COVD-19,low perception of curability,and high perception transmission risk are risk factors of perceived stress in college students;poor physical health,long duration of paying attention to COVID-19 information,low perception of curability,and high perception of transmission risk are risk factors of anxiety.Conclusions:In the COVID-19 outbreak,the stress level of college students should be monitored and concerned.Promoting physical activity and enhancing knowledge of the outbreak might be effective ways to reduce perceived stress among college students.
作者
陈江媛
吴冉
CHEN Jiangyuan;WU Ran(Shanghai Pudong High School,Shanghai 200125,China;Professor Li Chunbo’s Studio for Mental Health Education of Shanghai Schools,Shanghai 200030,China;Counseling and Psychological services of East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)
出处
《心理学通讯》
2021年第1期31-37,共7页
Psychological Communications
