摘要
汉末苏林和三国如淳认为腐刑“其创腐臭”,或受刑者“如腐木不生实”,腐刑是由“腐朽”义得名的。但出土秦汉简帛中腐刑字只作“府”,与腐朽义的用字互不相涉,表明腐刑的得名当与“腐朽”义无关。从“府”和“宫”词义系统的比较互证来看,“府刑”当得名于“府”的内府义,指刑余之人服役的场所。腐刑字从“府”到“腐”的演变是汉字分化的结果,与《集韵》宫刑之“宫”或作“■”同理。腐刑之“腐”与腐朽之“腐”是同形字。
The current opinion believes that the punishment of Fuxing(腐刑)(castration)is named after the meaning of rotten or rotten wood.However,in the unearthed Qin and Han bamboo slips,the punishment of Fuxing(腐刑)was written as Fu(府),which never represents the meaning of rotten.Through the comparison of the acceptation system of Fu(府)and Gong(宫),it can be known that the punishment of Fuxing[府(腐)刑]was named after the agency meaning of Fu(府),which refers to the place where the criminals serve in.The evolution of the form from Fu(府)to Fu(腐)was promoted by the differentiation of Chinese characters,and the characters representing the meaning of rotten and castration shared the same form just by chance.
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助
关键词
腐刑
汉字分化
府刑
宫刑
同形字
Fuxing(腐刑)
the differentiation of Chinese characters
Fuxing(府刑)
Gongxing(宫刑)
homograph
