摘要
唐朝墩古城遗址,位于新疆维吾尔自治区昌吉回族自治州奇台县城东北部。2018~2021年,中国人民大学与新疆维吾尔自治区文物考古研究所合作,对唐朝墩古城遗址进行了考古发掘。据考古发掘与历史文献记载可知,唐朝墩古城自唐贞观年间建城以来,历经多次战乱,沿用于高昌回鹘、西辽和元代,其废弃可能在14世纪察合台汗国时期。唐朝墩古城浴场规模较大,建筑规格较高,沿用时间较长,在此期间又历经多次修缮,其作为城市公共浴场的可能性较大。发掘出土的佛寺遗址和景教寺院遗址主体建筑年代应为唐代至高昌回鹘时期,其中佛寺遗址探沟解剖显示建于生土层之上,说明其当与唐代蒲类县古城始建年代一致。唐朝墩古城遗址的考古发现,印证了唐至元代多民族融合、多宗教共存、多文化兼容的历史事实,更为研究和阐释丝绸之路上东西文化交流、多民族融合的大一统格局形成和发展历程等问题,提供了生动而坚实的实物材料。唐朝墩古城遗址,对于我们当下探讨中华民族共同体的形成与发展过程,有着十分重要的启示作用。
Tangchaodun( or Tang Dynasty mound) Ancient City is located in northeast part of Qitai county in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. From 2018 to 2021, Renmin University of China had been cooperating with Xinjiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology. According to archaeological excavation findings and historical documents,Tangchaodun Ancient City was initially established during Zhenguan era( 627-649) of Tang dynasty;it had gone through wars and chaos,had been used by Qocho Kingdom( 843 – 14th century),Western Liao( or as the Great Liao,1124-1218),and Yuan Dynasty( 1271-1368),and was abandoned possibly during the reign of Chagatai Khanate in the 14^(th) century. The ancient bathhouse of Tangchaodun Ancient City is of large scale,higher standard,and long-time usage;it is repaired and renovated for multiple times;and it most likely is a public bathhouse for citizens. The main bodies of the Buddhist temple and the Nestorian Church relic unearthed are mainly constructed between Tang dynasty( 618-907) and Qocho Kingdom;excavations on the Buddhist temple show that it is built above raw soil layer,which indicates that it is built during the same period with Tang dynasty ’s Puleixian( Pulei County) Ancient City. Archeology findings in Tangchaodun Ancient City may serve as solid historic evidence for the multi-ethnic integration,multi-religion coexistence,and the mingling of cultures from Tang dynasty to Yuan dynasty;and it may serve as vivid and substantial materials for further research and interpretation regarding subjects including east and west cultural exchange,and the forming and developing pathway of multi-ethnic integration and “great unity”. The relics of Tangchaodun Ancient City is of great revelation for our ongoing discussions on the forming and development of community for the Chinese nation.
作者
魏坚
郑玉
WEI Jian;ZHENG Yu(Minzu University of China)
出处
《中华民族共同体研究》
2022年第4期6-24,169,共20页
Journal of the Chinese Nation Studies
关键词
唐朝墩古城
丝路北道
佛教寺院
景教寺院
罗马浴场
Tangchaodun Ancient City
Northern Silk Road
Buddhist temple
Nestorian temple
Romanesque bathhouse
