摘要
本文的主要目的是,通过测算中国大豆的全要素生产率,从而研究其区域差异,为如何提高我国大豆生产效率,缩小大豆产区间差异,增强大豆产业国际竞争力提供理论依据。基于中国三大流域的14个省2004—2018年的大豆投入产出数据,采用Malmquist指数法和Hicks-Moorsteen指数法比较的方法,分析我国大豆全要素生产率的变化,并利用变异指数、广义熵、基尼系数三项反映区域差异的指标,探究不同禀赋区域的差异。分析结果表明,2004—2018年期间,大豆全要素生产率总体呈下降趋势,年均损失为1.5%—1.6%,同时大豆全要素生产率动态走势呈阶段性特征,并在此基础上体现出Hicks-Moorsteen指数法的完备性。另外就三个区域而言,长江流域的大豆全要素生产率有所增加,而黄河流域和松辽流域却均出现负增长,并且三大流域大豆全要素生产率不均等的原因主要源于三大流域之间的差异和松辽流域省内的差距。总的来说,中国的大豆全要素生产率呈现显著的时序特征,三大流域间大豆全要素生产率存在明显差异。在新时期下振兴大豆产业应该增设大豆优质生产区,弥补大豆产业的发展短板,提升豆农的人资专业化水平,以期增强我国大豆产业的综合发展水平。
Under the existing international conditions,calculating China’s soybean total factor productivity and analysing its regional differences can provide a theoretical basis for how to improve China’s soybean production efficiency,reduce the differences between soybean production areas and enhance the international competitiveness of soybean industry.Based on the soybean input-output data of 14 provinces in the three major basins in China from 2004 to 2018,the change of soybean total factor productivity in China was analyzed by using the Malmquist index and the Hicks-Moorsteen index comparison method.In addition,the variation index,generalized entropy and Gini coefficient were used to explore the differences among different endowment regions.During 2004 to 2018,soybean total factor productivity showed a general downward trend,with an average annual loss of 1.5%-1.6%.Meanwhile,the dynamic trend of soybean total factor productivity was characterized by stages,based on this,the completeness of Hicks-Moorsteen index method was demonstrated.In addition,for the three regions,the total factor productivity of soybeans in the Yangtze River Basin increased,while the total factor productivity of soybeans in the Yellow River Basin and Songliao Basin showed negative growth,and the reasons for the inequality of the total factor productivity of soybeans in the three basins were mainly due to the differences between the three basins and within the Songliao Basin.The soybean total factor productivity of China showed significant temporal characteristics,and there were significant differences in soybean total factor productivity among the three basins.In order to revitalize soybean industry in the new era,we should set up soybean high quality production area,make up for the short board of soybean industry development,enhance the professional level of human capital of soybean farmers,and enhance the comprehensive development level of soybean industry in China.
作者
杨雨辰
向华丽
YANG Yuchen;XIANG Huali(School of Public Administration,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei 430073;Center for Environment and Migration Studies,School of Public Administration,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei 430073)
出处
《农业农村部管理干部学院学报》
2021年第4期67-78,共12页
Journal of Agricultural Management Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rurial Affairs
基金
国家社会科学基金重大课题“胡焕庸线稳定性与中国人口均衡发展战略研究”(18ZDA132)
国家社会科学基金项目“以生态安全和粮食安全并重为导向的粮食补贴政策研究”(17BGL250)
