摘要
福泽谕吉是日本近代杰出的启蒙思想家。《文明论概略》(1875)主要体现了他的"文明"观,对明治时期的日本具有巨大影响。福泽谕吉的"文明"观受19世纪西方理论的影响非常大,尤其是基佐的《欧洲文明史》。考察两人的文本可发现,福泽谕吉并非全盘接受基佐观点,而是基于日本的现实对其进行一定程度的改造,这是一种选择性接受。这种选择性,尤为突出地体现在他对马修·阿诺德之"文化"的忽视中。福泽谕吉对西方理论的这种"筛选",体现了其立足现实、善学勤勉的思想特点,也从一个侧面体现了一民族对外来文化的选择和接受的复杂性。
Fukuzawa Yukichi( 1834-1901) is an enlightenment thinker in modern Japan. The Summary of Civiliz ation( 1875) mainly reflects his view of"civilization"and has a great influence on Japan. His concept of"civilization"is greatly influenced by Western theories,but there is no lack of unique thinking. Based on the reality of Japan,Fukuzawa Yukichi selectively accepts Western theories. His"screening"of Western theories reflects his ideological characteristics of being based on reality,being good at learning and diligent,and also reflecting the complexity of the acceptance of foreign culture.
