摘要
本文以"我·现在·这里"为"发话者相对中心",通过对133部37万字文本资料的调查统计和对ソ系实例描述、自言自语中指示词的考察,结合认知心理学的认知原点、顺序和习惯分析提出:现场指示中,指示词的选择与发话者的"认知度"有关。它是一个综合值,由发话者距指示对象的物理距离、指示对象所属、对指示对象的控制处置、指示对象的大小及靠近的难易等因素共同构成,综合作用。当认知度高时,用"コ系";随着认知度降低,用"ソ系""ア系"。"コ系"占绝对优势与发话者中心的认知原点和认知顺序相符,与自言自语中"ソ系"退出相关。现场指示中的近称视点·优先原则也起着重要作用。
This paper analyzes the ko-so-a demonstratives in Japanese as they occur in the statistical data of 133 TV drama scripts containing 370,000 Japanese letters,including descriptions of so-series instances and examination of demonstratives in soliloquy to extensively observe the relative speaker-centeredness composed of"I","now"and"here".Based on the notions on cognitive origin,sequence and habit,the result of the analysis suggests that the choice of demonstratives in deictic reference is associated with the speaker’s cognitive level,which is an integrated value consisting of the physical distance between the speaker and the object being referred to,the ownership,control,disposition,size and accessibility of the object and other factors.In this system,ko-series is associated with a high level of cognition while so-series and a-series are associated with lower levels of cognition.The overwhelming predominance of ko-series matches the viewpoint and cognitive sequence of the speaker,and is indirectly associated with the irrelevance of so-series.The closeness to the speaker and the priority principle in deictic reference also play an important part.
作者
张颖
Zhang Ying(Tongji University)
出处
《日语教育与日本学》
2019年第1期86-100,共15页
Japanese Language Education and Japanese Studies
关键词
现场指示
コ·ソ·ア
选择要因
使用实态
认知度
deictic reference
ko-so-a demonstratives in Japanese
key factors
actual usage
cognitive level
