摘要
汉代,墓地石刻得到使用并逐渐发展、推广和普及,至东汉时期,充分体现出数量大、种类丰富、分布地域广、相关墓葬多、墓主等级多样等特征。汉代墓地石刻主要包括阙、碑、人物与动物、柱等,石碑、柱、人、动物等皆为新内容,而石阙也是对土阙的改进和创新。墓地石刻的位置与配置多样,体现出墓地的规划和布局及与墓地祭祀的关系,也反映出满足死者灵魂需求、体现生者孝行等丧葬内容,表明墓地石刻已成为汉代墓葬的重要内容。而其对后世影响极大,对古代陵寝制度的发展有着重要作用。
In the Han Dynasty,stone carvings in the graveyard were used and gradually developed,promoted and popularized.By the time of the Eastern Han Dynasty,the graveyard stone carvings fully showed the characteristics of numerous,rich in variety,wide-spread,many tombs related,and various levels of tomb owners involved.The graveyard stone carvings of Han Dynasty mainly include Que,monument,figures of characters and animals,pillars and etc.The monument,pillars,figures of characters and animals are all new contents,while the Stone Que is also an improvement and innovation to the Earth Que.The location and configuration of graveyard stone carvings are various,which reflects the planning and layout of graveyards and the relationship with graveyard sacrifices.It also reflects funeral contents such as meeting the spiritual needs of the dead and showing filial piety of the living.It shows that graveyard stone carvings have become an important part of tombs in Han Dynasty.Furthermore,it exerts great influence on later generations and plays an important role in the development of the ancient mausoleum system.
作者
刘尊志
Liu Zunzhi(Center for Chinese Social History of Nankai University)
出处
《中国社会历史评论》
2019年第1期1-15,278,共16页
Chinese Social History Review
关键词
汉代
墓地石刻
位置与配置
丧葬内容
Han Dynasty
Graveyard Stone Carvings
Location and Configuration
Funeral Contents
