摘要
中美贸易摩擦正在对以WTO为基础的现有国际经贸规则体系产生作用,主要表现为现有国际经贸秩序的局限性和争端解决机制的无力性,双方利益诉求无法得到回应,合法权益无从获得保障。国际经济规则处于调整阶段,国际经济秩序亟需重塑,国际治理体系面临重构。新一轮国际经贸规则的构建显现出全覆盖、宽领域、高标准和广区域的特点,核心议题围绕非市场经济地位、发展中国家待遇、知识产权保护、数字贸易等展开,同时WTO争端解决机制、WTO谈判进路、投资者-国家争端解决机制等传统磋商、裁判平台的效率面临质疑和挑战。尽管单边主义、双边主义和区域协定盛行,但是多边主义仍然是最为合理、最符合各方共同利益的治理机制,反全球化只是改良多边机制的一个阶段。中美双方虽然保有较大的经济依赖性,但两国经贸领域的紧张关系会持续一段时间,前景不容乐观。
The US-China trade friction has great influence on the existing WTO international economic rules.It proves the limitations of the existing internationale conomic and trade order and the powerlessness of the dispute settlement mechanism.The interests of both states can not be responded to.The legitimate rights and interests can not be guaranteed.The international economic rules need to be improved.The international economic orders need to be reshaped.The international governance systems need to be reconstructed.The construction of new international economic rules shows four characteristics including full coverage,wide field,high standard and wide area.The hot topics are relevant to market economy status,treatment of developing countries,intellectual property protection,digital trade,etc.At the same time,WTO dispute settlement mechanism,WTO negotiation approach,and the investorstate dispute settlement mechanism face questions and challenges.Despite the prevalence of unilateralism,bilateralism and regional agreements,multilateralism is still the most reasonable governance mechanism that conforms to the common interests of all parties.Anti-globalization trend is only a stage of improving the multilateral mechanism.Although China and the United States maintain a relatively large economic dependence,the tension between the two countries in the economic and trade field will continue for a period of time.To some extent,the prospect between the two is not optimistic.
作者
沈伟
张国琪
SHEN Wei;ZHANG Guoqi
出处
《上海商学院学报》
2022年第6期44-62,共19页
Business Economic Review
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“美国全球单边经济制裁中涉华制裁案例分析与对策研究”(21&ZD208)
关键词
WTO
多边主义
自由贸易协定
中美关系
WTO
multilateralism
free trade agreement
US-China relationship
