摘要
为探讨甜樱桃对高温胁迫的响应机制,以1年生的甜樱桃嫁接盆栽苗为试材,研究了自然高温处理及胁迫后恢复对其叶片生理和超显微结构的影响。结果表明:经连续3d日最高气温均值达57.7℃胁迫后,甜樱桃叶片过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性、超氧阴离子(O^(·-)_(2))产生速率、非光化学淬灭系数(qN)显著增加,渗透调节物质可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖及脯氨酸含量显著提高,谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性、叶绿素含量、PSII最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和电子传递速率(ETR)显著下降,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性及光化学淬灭系数(qP)变化不显著。同时对叶片显超微结构观察发现,胁迫引起叶绿体变性,基质内囊体发生扭曲,部分基粒类囊体片层消失,出现大量巨型淀粉粒及嗜锇颗粒。恢复2d后SOD、POD、CAT、APX活性以及可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、叶绿素总含量均显著下降,而GR活性和脯氨酸含量显著升高。以上表明,连续3d自然最高气温达57.7℃对甜樱桃叶片抗氧化系统和光合特性等产生了显著影响,叶绿体超显微结构受到明显破坏,对叶片造成了不可逆伤害。
Sweet cherry is the earliest fruit ripen tree in north China and mainly cultivated in Taian,Yantai and Dalian.In recent years,due to the early rise of spring temperature in south China and the rapid development of leisure and sightseeing agriculture,sweet cherry had gradually developed to the south.However,high temperature was more frequent in south China in summer.The influence of temperature on plant are various,which can lead to reactive oxygen species(ROS)in a large number of accumulation in plants and the stability of the biofilm fall and the permeability increases,large molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids,DNA rupture,enzymatic reaction efficiency drops,organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria structure was damaged and photosynthetic rate decreased significantly,growth and development,Eventually,the yield and quality of plants were severely reduced.Meanwhile high temperature was closely related to the double pistil rate of sweet cherry.The fruit setting rate of sweet cherry was affected,especially the commercial fruit rate.High temperature became a limiting factor for the southward development of sweet cherry.To investigate the response mechanism of sweet cherry to high temperature stress,the effects of natural high temperature treatment and stress recovery on physiological indexes and ultrastructure of grafted pot seedlings of 1-year sweet cherry were studied in this research.After the seedlings were treated at the average maximum temperature 57.7℃in consecutive 3 days,the catalase(CAT)and ascorbic peroxidase(APX)activity,superoxide anion(O^(·-)_(2))producing rate and coefficient of the photochemical quenching(qN)increased significantly in sweet cherry leaves.The osmotic regulation substances including soluble protein,soluble sugar and proline content increased significantly.The glutathione reductase(GR)activity,chlorophyll content,PSII maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)and the electron transport rate(ETR)were significantly reduced.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and pero
作者
刘辉
骆慧枫
张琛
黄康康
赖梦霞
朱瑜
洪泽州
杜长霞
樊怀福
LIU Hui;LUO Huifeng;ZHANG Chen;HUANG Kangkang;LAI Mengxia;ZHU Yu;HONG Zezhou;DU Changxia;FAN Huaifu(Institute of Horticulture,Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China;College of Horticulture Science,Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Hangzhou 311300,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期702-708,共7页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
浙江省科技厅公益技术研究项目(LGN21C150005)
杭州市农科院科技推广项目(2019HNCT-26)
关键词
高温
甜樱桃
抗氧化酶
叶绿素荧光参数
超显微结构
high temperature
sweet cherry
antioxidative enzyme
chlorophyll fluorescence parameters
ultrastructure
