摘要
在国际投资仲裁中,不利推定是应对证明妨碍行为的主要救济措施。不利推定不具有惩罚性质,同时不利推定不转移举证责任,也不降低证明标准。作出不利推定需要符合相应的条件,夏普(Sharpe)对此归纳的标准在理论上和实践中获得了广泛的援引,不过,它不是一个穷尽式的列举,且仍有需要澄清与完善之处。在参与国际投资仲裁时,我国法律实务人士应当注意避免因国内不利推定立法与实践的不同而带来的消极影响;同时,国际投资仲裁不利推定规则对于我国国内立法完善也有一定的借鉴意义。针对国际投资仲裁实践中的证明妨碍行为,当事方和仲裁庭应适当地运用不利推定,以实现案件的公正审理。
In international investment arbitration,adverse inference is the fundamental remedy to spoliation of evidence.Adverse inference is not punitive in nature.Adverse inference does not transfer the burden of proof and reduce the standard of proof.To make an adverse inference should meet the conditions.Sharpe’s test has been invoked widely in theory and practice.However,it is not exhaustive,and there is still the need to be clarified and improved.In participating in international investment arbitration,Chinese practitioners should try to avoid the negative impact by the difference between domestic legislation and the practice of international arbitration;moreover,the rules of adverse inference in international investment arbitration can also provide a model for the improvement of domestic legislation.As for spoliation of evidence in the practice of international investment arbitration,the parties and the arbitral tribunal should use adverse inference properly in order to achieve a fair trial.
出处
《商事仲裁与调解》
2021年第6期39-52,共14页
Commercial Arbitration & Mediation
基金
浙江省社会科学规划项目(18NDJC090YB)的阶段性成果
关键词
国际投资仲裁
举证责任
证明妨碍
不利推定
international investment arbitration
burden of proof
spoliation of evidence
adverse inference
