摘要
菌糠是食用菌生产后的废弃物,含有较多的有机物质和一定数量的养分,用于农作物栽培不仅能够改良和培肥土壤、也会提高作物产量。本文于2016年采用随机区组设计、以田间微区试验的方法,研究了添加不同数量的栽培黑木耳后的菌糠对马铃薯不同生育期0~20 cm土层土壤含水量、微生物数量及有机质、全氮含量和马铃薯产量的影响。试验设不施氮肥(CK)、施纯氮120 kg hm^-2(T1)、菌糠替代氮肥用量20%(T2)、菌糠替代氮肥用量40%(T3)、菌糠替代氮肥用量60%(T4)5个处理;菌糠与0~20 cm土层土壤充分混匀,其它田间管理方法相同。结果表明,添加菌糠处理的土壤有机质及全氮含量随菌糠添加量增加表现出增加趋势;土壤的持水能力提高、5~20 cm土层含水量随菌糠添加量增加而增加,各添加菌糠处理与CK差异显著(P<0.05);马铃薯不同生育期各处理土壤微生物总数(平板计数法)均高于CK;施肥和添加菌糠各处理马铃薯产量较CK增加,T1、T2、T3、T4处理较CK分别增产4.61%、0.60%、5.13%和4.53%。由此可以认为替代氮肥氮素40%、60%的菌糠用量是适当的。
Spent mushroom substrate(SMS)as edible fungus cultivation waste has a positive effect on the sustainable use of soil and crop growth.In 2016,a randomized block test design was used to investigate the physicochemical properties and microbial quantity of soil amended with SMS(Auricularia auricula-judae).Five treatments were set up as follows:no fertilization(CK),chemical nitrogen(N)fertilizer(120 kg N m-2,T1),SMS instead of 20%(T2),40%(T3)and 60%(T4)chemical N fertilizer.The SMS was fully mixed with surface soil(0-20 cm).The soil water content and microbial quantity at different growth stages of potato,and contents of soil organic matter(SOM)and total N and potato yield at maturity stage of potato were analyzed after SMS application.The findings demonstrated that SMS application significantly increased the soil water content at 0-20 cm depth.Soil water content was significantly increased(P<0.05)with the increase of SMS amount.The SMS application clearly increased the number of soil microorganisms(plate counting method)at the three stages of potato growth.Compared with CK,adding SMS increased the contents of SOM and total N.The application of SMS for one years resulted in an increase in potato production.Compared with CK,the yield was increased by 4.61%,0.60%,5.13%and 4.53%in 2016,respectively.The SMS application had positive effects on soil properties and potato yield.The application of SMS instead of 40%and 60%N fertilizer was suitable for potato production.
作者
孟庆英
张春峰
朱宝国
王囡囡
顾鑫
杨晓贺
赵海红
高雪冬
盖志佳
丁俊杰
MENG Qing-ying;ZHANG Chun-feng;ZHU Bao-guo;WANG Nan-nan;GU Xin;YANG Xiao-he;ZHAO Hai-hong;GAO Xue-dong;GAI Zhi-jia;DING Jun-jie(Jiamusi Branch,Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Heilongjiang,Jiamusi 154007,China;College of Land and Environmental Science,Agricultural University of Shenyang,Shenyang 110866,China)
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期1166-1171,共6页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
黑龙江省现代农业技术协同创新推广体系马铃薯产业技术协同创新推广体系黑土耕作技术岗位
黑龙江省农业科学院2018年度院级科研项目(2018KYYF011)
优质专用马铃薯品种选育与配套生产技术研究与应用(HNK2019CX07)资助
关键词
菌糠
土壤持水能力
土壤微生物
马铃薯
Spent mushroom substrate
Soil water retention capacity
Soil microorganism
Potato
