摘要
我国是典型的“多煤少油”国家,超过70%的石油资源都依赖进口,因此石油贸易结算货币的选择对我国能源安全至关重要。本文首先梳理了石油美元体系的建立过程和原因,阐述石油美元对我国造成“亚洲溢价”的影响。其次介绍了21世纪以来国际石油贸易结算货币的新发展,包括石油美元体系的稳定性受到挑战,以及人民币成为石油贸易结算货币之一。在此基础上,归纳现阶段使用人民币进行石油交易计价和结算存在的挑战,并从资本市场双向开放、原油期货交易国际化发展、跨境人民币基础设施建设方面提出政策建议。
China is a typical country with"more coal and less oil",and more than 70%of its oil resources are dependent on imports.Therefore,the choice of oil trade settlement currency is crucial to China's energy security.This article first sorts out the process and reasons for the establishment of the petrodollar system,and expounds the impact of petrodollars on China known as the"Asian premium".Secondly,this article introduces the new development of international oil trade settlement currencies since the 21st century,including challenges to the stability of the petrodollar,and the fact that RMB has become one of the oil trade settlement currencies.On this basis,this article summarizes the challenges of using RMB for oil transaction pricing and settlement at the current stage,and puts forward policy recommendations from the perspectives of two-way opening of the capital market,international development of crude oil futures trading,and cross-border RMB infrastructure construction.
作者
张小婉
ZHANG Xiaowan(PBC Xi’an Branch,Xi’an Shaanxi 710075)
出处
《西部金融》
2023年第3期47-51,共5页
West China Finance
