摘要
目的:采用性状鉴别和显微鉴别的方法对酢浆草和红花酢浆草的外观性状和显微特性进行鉴别研究,为酢浆草与红花酢浆草的识别提供科学依据。方法:采用性状鉴定法观察酢浆草的茎、叶、花、果实、种子与红花酢浆草的茎、叶、花,记录性状特征并作比较;采用水合氯醛透化、稀甘油封片的方法对酢浆草与红花酢浆草药材粉末制片,置光学显微镜下观察两者粉末的显微特征并做比较。结果:酢浆草与红花酢浆草的茎、叶、花均存在差异:红花酢浆草植株比酢浆草高大,且叶表面被柔毛比酢浆草密;酢浆草的花呈伞形花序,花序分枝较少,花轴较细,而红花酢浆草花呈二歧聚伞花序,花序分枝较多,花轴较粗。在显微特征中,两者常见非腺毛单细胞、导管、纤维、草酸钙方晶、种皮栅状细胞等,叶片上表皮细胞形状有差异,酢浆草为长条形或宽条形,而红花酢浆草的为较大的多边形。结论:酢浆草与红花酢浆草的外观和显微特征具有一定的差异,可作为其鉴别的依据。
Objective:The methods of trait identification and microscopic identification were used to study the appearance traits and microscopic characteristics of Oxalis corniculata L.and Oxalis corymbosa DC.,which provided a scientific basis for the identification of Oxalis corniculata L.and Oxalis corymbosa DC.Method:The stems,leaves,flowers,fruits,and seeds of Oxalis corniculata L.and the stems,leaves and flowers of Oxalis corymbosa DC.were observed by trait identification method,and the trait characteristics were recorded and compared.The powder preparation method was carried out by permeabilizing chloral hydrate and sealing with dilute glycerol,and the microscopic characteristics of the two powders were observed under a light microscope and compared.Result:The results showed that there were differences in the stems,leaves,and flowers between Oxalis corniculata L.and Oxalis corymbosa DC.:the plants of Oxalis corymbosa DC.are taller than Oxalis corniculata L.,and the surface of the leaves is more densely covered with pubescence;the flowers of Oxalis corniculata L.have umbrellas with fewer inflorescence branches and thinner flower axes,while the flowers of Oxalis corymbosa DC.are in a dichotomous cyme,with thicker flower axes and more inflorescence branches.In microscopic features,non glandular hair single cells,ducts,fibers,calcium oxalate crystals,and seed coat grid cells are common in both.The shape of the epidermal cells on the leaves varies,with Oxalis corniculata L.having long or wide strips,while Oxalis corymbosa DC.having larger polygons.Conclusion:There are differences in the characteristics and powder microscopic identification characteristics between Oxalis corniculata L.and Oxalis corymbosa DC.,which can be used as the basis for their identification.
作者
刘米艳
王润
吴红梅
王祥培
Liu Miyan;Wang Run;Wu Hongmei;Wang Xiangpei(Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine,Nanning 530200,China;Guizhou University for Nationalities,Guiyang 550025,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine,Nanning 530200,China)
出处
《壮瑶药研究》
2023年第3期107-112,517-518,共8页
Research of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine
关键词
酢浆草
红花酢浆草
性状鉴别
显微鉴别
Oxalis corniculata L.
Oxalis corymbosa DC.
character identification
microscopic identification
