摘要
本文从语言类型学角度将格定义为标示小句或短语层面上中心语与其附属名词性成分之间关系的形态-句法范畴,在此基础上,探讨了时-体所制约的格角色分裂和格按配方比例用配制分裂。格角色分裂指同一格配置模式中格角色的变换,主-宾格语言的格角色分裂通常发生在核心格和边缘格之间,施-通格语言的格角色分裂主要发生在施格和通格之间。格配置分裂指同一语言中主-宾格模式和施-通格模式之间的变换,主-宾格模式一般用于非过去时/非完整体/未完成体,施-通格模式则通常用于过去时/完整体/完成体。本研究在揭示汉语的混合格配置很可能是体所制约的格配置分裂方面为后续研究提供了启示。
This paper defines case from a typological perspective as a morpho-syntactic category to mark the relationship between a head and its subordinate noun phrase at the clause or phrase level.Based on this definition,this paper discusses case-role split and case-alignment split conditioned by tense-aspect.Case-role split refers to the switch of case roles within the same case alignment,occurring between core case and peripheral case in nominative-accusative languages,and between ergative case and absolutive case in ergative-absolutive languages.Case-alignment split refers to the switch of nominative-accusative pattern and ergative-absolutive pattern in a language.The former pattern is favored in the constructions with non-past tense and imperfective/imperfect aspect,while the latter pattern in the constructions with past tense and perfective/perfect aspect.This paper casts light on Chinese mixed case alignments as a kind of case-alignment split conditioned by aspect in future research.
出处
《语言学研究》
2022年第2期69-84,共16页
Linguistic Research
基金
国家社科基金项目“汉外语言论元配置模式及其语法效应的类型研究”(项目编号:21BYY050)资助
关键词
格
时-体
格角色
格配置
分裂
case
tense-aspect
case role
case alignment
split
