摘要
目的了解社区卒中高危人群颈动脉超声检查结果,分析颈动脉硬化性疾病的危险因素,为制订该人群的干预措施提供依据。方法采取整群抽样的方法,对2017年1月至12月将台地区国家卒中筛查工作中筛选出的423例卒中高危人群进行问卷调查、体格检查与颈动脉超声检查,采用logistic回归对影响颈动脉内膜增厚及颈动脉狭窄的因素进行分析。结果卒中高危人群中,男性206例(48.70%),女性217例(51.30%)。卒中危险因素在目标人群中频次较高的前6位依次是:高血压(82.51%)、血脂异常(61.23%)、明显超重和肥胖(52.25%)、缺乏运动(41.61%)、肉类摄入较多(39.24%)、吸烟(39.01%),不同性别间吸烟、缺乏运动、明显超重或肥胖、肉类摄入较多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超声结果表明,所有目标人群的颈部血管超声检查结果均提示颈部血管至少有一个部位存在异常,其中,颈总动脉内膜增厚的患病率为74.70%;所有目标人群都出现颈部斑块,斑块的数量均值为(2.69±0.46)个。多因素logistic回归结果显示,60岁以上是颈动脉内膜增厚的独立危险因素,女性是颈动脉狭窄的独立危险因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论将台地区卒中高危人群颈部血管均有异常,斑块阳性率100%,颈总动脉内膜增厚发病率很高。应加强颈动脉粥样硬化性疾病的健康教育,积极治疗高危疾病,倡导合理膳食、适当运动、戒烟的健康生活方式,以减少或延缓卒中的发生,提高社区居民的健康水平。
Objective To investigate the carotid ultrasound results in community at high risk of stroke and analyze the risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis disease,providing references for developing strategies for the high-risk population.Methods A clustering sampling was conducted in 2017 in Jiangtai community,423 cases with high-risk of stroke were selected by questionnaire survey.Physical examination and carotid ultrasonic examination were conducted in all high-risk population.Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors of carotid intima thickening and carotid artery stenosis.Results A total of 423 high risk participants were investigated,including 206 males(48.70%)and 217 females(51.30%).The top six-stroke risk factors in the target population were hypertension(82.51%),dyslipidemia(61.23%),significantly overweight and obese(52.25%),inactivity(41.61%),high meat intake(39.24%),and smoking(39.01%).There were significantly differences in smoking,lack of exercise,soverweight or obese,more meat intake between men and women(P<0.05).The ultrasound results showed that there was an abnormality in at least one part of neck vessels,among which the prevalence of intimal thickening of the common carotid artery was 74.70%.The mean number of neck plaques was 2.69±0.46 in all the target population.Multivariate logistic regression results showed that over 60 years old was an independent risk factor for carotid intima thickening,while female was an independent risk factor for carotid artery stenosis.Conclusion In this community,all the high-risk patients with stroke had abnormal neck blood vessels,the plaque positive rate was 100%,and the incidence of intimal thickening of a common carotid artery(74.7%)was very high.It is necessary to strengthen the health education of carotid atherosclerotic diseases,treat high-risk diseases actively,advocate the healthy lifestyle of reasonable diet,appropriate exercise and quitting smoking,to reduce or delay the occurrence of stroke and improve the health level of commu
作者
张律
ZHANG Lv(Health Management Department of Jiangtai Community Health Service Center,Beijing 100016,China)
出处
《慢性病学杂志》
2020年第9期1310-1313,共4页
Chronic Pathematology Journal
关键词
卒中
颈动脉超声
高危人群
颈动脉病变
Stroke
Carotid ultrasound
High-risk groups
Carotid artery disease
