摘要
19世纪中叶,环太平洋多地发现了金矿,引发了世界性的淘金狂潮,也改变了这些地区国家的民族构成。在追求更加美好生活梦想召唤下,中国的广东、福建乡民们,沿着金矿发现的时间和路线,千辛万苦来到了远离家乡的美国、澳大利亚、新西兰、南非等国家,从地理位置上跨越了传统的东南亚地区,形成了中国历史上第一次大规模海外移民。本文研究在时间上晚于美国旧金山的新西兰淘金华工。他们在新西兰的淘金行走路线、人数规模、工作方式、技术创新、职业分布、日常生活,他们创建了世界最南端华人村的圆山矿区,及其淘金时代的结束与致富梦想的实现。这些华工大多在白人淘金者废弃的金矿谋生,他们奠定了今天新西兰人口比例第三的华人族裔。
In the mid 19 th century,gold rush swept across the world because of the discovery of gold fields in many areas of the Pacific Rim,changing the ethnic composition of nations in these regions.The first large-scale immigration in Chinese history occurred at this time.Geographically different from the traditional way to Southeast Asia,people from Guangdong and Fujian provinces,tracking the footprints of their precursors,arrived in America,Australia,New Zealand and South Africa with difficulties to pursue a better life.This article studies the travel routes,population scale,working methods,technological innovation,occupational distribution and daily life of Chinese gold miners in the Gold Mountain[新金山]of New Zealand which is named later than the Old Gold Mountain(San Francisco).Chinese miners built Round Hill gold sites in the southernmost Chinese settlement in the world,witnessing the end of gold rush era and realization of their dream of fortune.These Chinese workers made a living mostly on the gold fields abandoned by European miners.On the land of New Zealand,they contributed to the thriving of Chinese ethnic group which makes up the third largest population of the country’s total.
出处
《中国国家博物馆馆刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期108-121,共14页
Journal of National Museum of China
基金
中国社会科学院创新工程重大项目“新西兰华侨华人史研究”阶段性成果.
关键词
淘金
华工
新西兰
Gold rush
Chinese gold miners
New Zealand
