摘要
目的:探讨违规被罚预期和违规后果恐惧感对旷课和作弊两种违规预期的影响。方法:用作弊预期问卷、旷课预期问卷、作弊被罚预期问卷、旷课被罚预期问卷、作弊被罚恐惧感问卷和旷课被罚恐惧感问卷对某高校新生进行调查(有效问卷6447份)。结果:(1)在被罚预期和被罚恐惧上作弊均明显高于旷课;(2)违规被罚预期和违规后果恐惧存在性别之间的差异和学历段之间的差异,主要趋势是女生大于男生(作弊被罚预期例外),大一新生大于硕博一年级新生;(3)违规被罚预期和违规后果恐惧均与违规预期呈负相关,共能解释作弊预期差异的13.4%和旷课预期差异的12.8%。结论:(1)被罚预期和被罚恐惧可以作为描述违规严重程度的指标;(2)性别和学历段是违规被罚预期和违规后果恐惧的影响因素;(3)惩罚的威慑具有一定程度的违规预防效果。
Objective:To reveal the differences of the prognosis of being punished(PBP)and the differences of the degree of the fear of the consequences(DFC)of violations between truancy and cheating,the influences of gender and education level on PBP and DFC,and the influences of PBP and DFC on the two kinds of violation possibility.Methods:Six questionnaires as the Possibility of Cheating Questionnaire,the Possibility of Truancy Questionnaire,the Possibility of being Punished for Cheating(PBPC)Questionnaire,the Possibility of being Punished for Truancy Questionnaire,the Degree of Fear of the Consequences of Cheating Questionnaire and the Degree of Fear of the Consequences of Truancy Questionnaire were administrated to the new students in a University(6447 valid questionnaires).Results:(1)PBP and DFC for cheating were obviously higher than those for truancy;(2)Most of the 2 PBP and the 2 DFC of violation related to gender and educational background,and the main trends were that females were higher than males(except for PBPC),and freshmen were higher than freshmen in master’s degree or doctoral degree;(3)Both PBP and DFC were negatively correlated with the possibility of violation,explaining 13.4%of the possibility difference of cheating and 12.8%of the possibility difference of truancy.Conclusion:(1)PBP and DFC can be used as indicators to describe the severity of violations;(2)Gender and educational level are the influence factors for PBP and DFC;(3)the deterrent of punishment has a certain degree of violation prevention effect.
作者
易晓明
YI Xiao-ming(Koguan Law School of Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200030,China;Psychological Counseling Center of Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China)
出处
《中国临床心理学杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期572-576,共5页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology
基金
国家社科基金面上项目(编号:19BSH119)
关键词
违规预期
违规被罚预期
违规后果恐惧
Possibility of violation
Prognosis of being punished for violation
Degree of fear of the consequences of violation
