摘要
自20世纪80年代中国人类学在大陆恢复重建以来,经过几代学者近40年的努力探索,虽然总体上而言,中国人类学无论是在理论还是实践方面均取得了长足的发展,但时至今日,仍未完全解决学科生存的问题。中国人类学还处于由生存阶段向发展阶段的过渡时期。然而在这一时期,中国人类学学科发展面临着"依附式发展"的困境,具体表现在理论依附和学科依附两个方面。那么,如何摆脱"依附式发展"的困境,探索中国特色人类学发展的新方向,使之成为研究中国当代社会的一门显学,已成为当代中国人类学研究者们的时代使命。要想摆脱人类学"依附式发展"的困境,首先,需要当代中国人类学研究者们在前辈学者如乔健、费孝通、李亦园等人的思考和努力的基础之上,沿着跨学科综合研究、跨文化比较研究的学术轨迹继续探索行进。其次,需要当代中国人类学研究者们积极探索本学科发展的新方向,即一方面要从社会层面上直面现代社会,研究和解释由当代中国经济社会结构转型所带来的重大现实议题;另一方面要从国家层面上努力构建中华民族共同体与人类命运共同体,积极参与"一带一路"建设,并在此探索过程中,逐渐地把中国人类学建设成为一个现代学科。
Since the reestablishment of anthropology in China's Mainland in the 1980 s,through efforts of several generations for nearly 40 years,anthropology studies have made great progress in theory and practice in China.However,up to now,the problem of the survival of the subject itself has not yet been completely solved.In other words,anthropology in China remains in a transitional period from survival to development.The subject faces the dilemma of"dependent development",which refers to both the theoretical and disciplinary aspects.How to find the new direction of the development of anthropology with Chinese characteristics,and makes it popular in modern Chinese society becomes the mission for Chinese anthropologists.The article suggests the following points:firstly,contemporary Chinese anthropologists should continuously explore towards interdisciplinary research,cross-cultural comparative study while following the achievements made by respectful anthropologists such as Qiao Jian,Fei Xiaotong,Li Yiyuan and others;secondly,it is necessary for contemporary Chinese anthropologists to explore a new direction of the development of this discipline.To be more specific,on the one hand,they should face the modern society,research and explain key issues relating to modern China’s economic and social transformation;on the other hand,they should try to build a Chinese national community,actively participate in the construction of"Belt and Road Initiative",and gradually set up Chinese anthropology into a modern subject.
作者
刘仕刚
张继焦
LIU Shi-gang;ZHANG Ji-jiao(National College,China Three Gorges University,Hubei 443002;Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology,China Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100081)
出处
《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期40-49,共10页
Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所创新工程项目之一“人类学视野下的传统-现代转型”(2019MZSCX002)阶段性成果.
关键词
人类学
反思
困境
现代化
anthropology
reflection
dilemma
modernization
