摘要
本文从声学上分析四平方言的中元音变体。通过研究该地区女性发音人的中元音的第一、第二共振峰频率、音长和音强,讨论中元音变体数量及其特性。结果表明,四平方言区中元音存在最多的五个元音是[o],[ɣ],[ə],[■]和[e],但对于某些发音人来说,[■]和[e]被视为同一个元音的变体。在学界,尽管有些学者根据互补分布规则认为中元音只需一个音位,但由于这五个变体之间较远的声学距离,大部分学者根据唇形的圆展和发音部位的不同,普遍认为中元音需多个独立的音位。
In this paper,we analyzed the mid vowels that are found in the Chinese spoken in Siping(Jilin province,northeastern China).The study has two main objectives:first,to characterize acoustically the realization of these vowels,second,to discuss which phonological interpretation fits better the attested variants.To study the mid vowels,we have recorded a group of six young female speakers from the Siping variety,with a similar cultural background.The vowels appear in eight different contexts:in open syllables,after a palatal consonant:yē“coconut”,after a velar consonant:gē“brother”,after a retroflex alveolar consonant:shē“luxurious”,after a labial consonant:pō“hillside”,in closed syllables,before a front glide:gēi“to give”,before a back round glide:gōu“ditch”,before an alveolar nasal:gēn“to follow”,and before a velar nasal,gēng“to change”,All the words have been registered inside the carrier sentence wǒshuō_dāyícì“I say_dāonce”,to obtain a sample as homogeneous as possible both segmentally and tonally.The subjects were asked to read aloud each sentence seven times.All in all,we have analyzed a sample of 336 vowels:6 speakers×7 repetitions×8 contexts.The vowels have been manually segmented and labeled with Praat,taking the spectrogram and the intensity as acoustic cues.A Praat script has been used to extract the duration of the whole segment and measure at the center of each vowel,the intensity and the first two formants,which have been normalized following Watt&Fabricius(2002)procedure.With these data,one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)tests have been carried out,taking the extracted parameters as the dependent variables and the vocalic contexts as the independent variable.The results showed that there are no differences in the intensity of the vowels.As for the duration,vowels in closed syllables tend to be longer than vowels in open syllables,as expected.Finally,the data drawn from the normalized formants indicate that there are up to five different segments:[o](c
出处
《中国语音学报》
2022年第2期158-169,共12页
Chinese Journal of Phonetics
基金
西班牙国家研究机构(http://www.ub.edu/GEVAD)项目(编号:PID2020-113971GB-C21)
西班牙瓦伦西亚大学研究项目(编号:GIUV2013-137)
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目“汉语与西班牙语元音系统实验对比及应用”(21B0073)的经费支持
关键词
中元音
四平方言
共振峰
音长
音强
Mid vowels
Siping Chinese
Formants
Duration
Intensity
