摘要
胆道恶性肿瘤(biliary tract cancer,BTC)是一种恶性程度高、异质性强、发病隐匿且预后不良的起源于胆道上皮的恶性肿瘤。近年来BTC的发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势,在亚洲国家中普遍高于西方国家。手术切除仍然是目前唯一可能治愈早期BTC的治疗方式,但手术切除率低,术后复发风险高。对于不能手术的晚期或复发性BTC患者,全身系统化疗是首选治疗方法,但治疗效果仍不令人满意。近年来,免疫疗法给癌症治疗领域带来了革命性的变化。晚期BTC的免疫治疗主要包括针对PD-1、PD-L1和CTLA-4的免疫检查点抑制剂、癌症疫苗和过继细胞疗法。笔者就免疫治疗在晚期BTC中的临床研究现状以及未来免疫治疗在晚期BTC中的研究方向进行深入阐述。
Biliary tract cancer(BTC)is an aggressive cancer that arises from the epithelium of the biliary tract with high degree of malignancy,strong heterogeneity,insidious onset and poor prognosis.It has been on the rise globally in recent years,and its incidence is generally higher in Asian countries than in Western countries.Surgical resection remains the only current potentially curative treatment option for early-stage BTC.However,the surgical resection rate is low and the risk of recurrence after surgery is high.For patients with inoperable advanced or recurrent BTC,systemic chemotherapy is the preferred treatment recommendation,but treatment outcomes are still unsatisfactory.In recent years,immunotherapy has revolutionized the field of cancer treatment.Immunotherapy for advanced BTC mainly includes immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1,PD-L1 and CTLA-4,cancer vaccines and adoptive cell therapy.The review provides insights into the current status of clinical research and future research directions for immunotherapy in advanced BTC.
作者
张伟
张必翔
ZHANG Wei;ZHANG Bixiang(Hepatic Surgery Center,Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,Hubei Province,China)
出处
《肿瘤》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第6期541-551,共11页
Tumor
