摘要
竹纤维指的是天然竹纤维(也称竹原纤维),是一种新型的植物纤维,不同于竹浆纤维、竹炭纤维等化学粘胶再生纤维素纤维。竹纤维作为一种性能优异的基础材料,可广泛应用于纺织、非织造、建筑材料、汽车材料等复合材料生产领域。轻质增强复合材料是实现轻量化的一种重要趋势,常用复合材料的碳纤增强材料成本高,玻纤改性复合材料技术最成熟,但其也存在韧性降低、脆性增加、机械磨损大、加工能耗大、易吸湿、易粗糙、不易降解、废弃难处理等问题。研究发现,以天然环保新材料的竹纤维为增强材料,制备的竹纤维复合材料具有密度小、模量与强度高特点,非常适合汽车部件的轻量化。与传统的复合材料相比,竹纤维复合材料质量更轻,生产能耗更少,在产品的整个生命周期阶段,碳排放量非常少,更符合现代社会"绿色环保和低碳化"的要求。
Bamboo fiber(natural bamboo fiber,also known as bamboo raw fiber)is a new kind of plant fiber,which is different from chemical bamboo viscose fiber(bamboo pulp fiber,bamboo charcoal fiber).As a basic material with excellent performance,bamboo fiber can be widely used in the production of composite materials such as textile,nonwoven,building materials and automobile materials.The development of lightweight reinforced composites is an important trend to achieve lightweight.Nevertheless,the cost of commonly used carbon fiber reinforced composite material is high.Although the glass fiber modified composite technology is the most mature,there are some limitations,such as low toughness,high brittleness,high mechanical wear,high energy consumption,easy water absorption,coarseness,non-degradation,and difficult to be disposed.It is found that the bamboo fiber composite prepared with the natural environment-friendly bamboo fiber as the reinforcing material has the characteristics of low density,high modulus and high strength,which is very suitable for the lightweight of automobile parts.Compared with traditional composite materials,bamboo fiber composite materials are lighter in mass,less in energy consumption,and emit very low carbon throughout their life cycle,which is more in line with the requirements of"green environmental protection and low carbonization"in modern society.
作者
张毅
ZHANG Yi(Bamboo Fiber Industry Network,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China)
出处
《竹子学报》
2020年第2期89-93,共5页
Journal of Bamboo Research
关键词
竹纤维
增强
复合材料
汽车
应用
Bamboo fiber
Enhancement
Composite materials
Automobile
Application
