摘要
目的分析宁夏地区职业病病例的分布特点,为制定职业病预防控制措施提供信息支持。方法通过职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统,收集整理2015年宁夏职业病网络报告病例数据,分析其病种、职业、地区等分布特点。结果 2015年全区共收集新确诊职业病105例,主要集中在银川市和石嘴山市,行业分布以采矿(煤炭)行业为主,患者年龄主要集中在35~54岁年龄段,工龄主要集中在10~29a工龄段,不同期别尘肺病确诊年龄和工龄进行比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);全区开展有毒有害作业工人健康体检的企业为184家,体检总人数为66 273人;农药中毒为378例。结论尘肺病是宁夏地区主要职业病,今后应加强石嘴山市和银川市地区采矿(煤炭)行业和制造行业工作场所中的职业病危害因素的治理,从源头上降低粉尘对工人的危害,同时定期开展职业健康监护,提高疑似职业病的筛检能力。通过宣传,提高中卫市和吴忠市劳动力人群的农药中毒防护意识,积极开展心理健康咨询,减少服药自杀现象,加强有机磷类农药的运输、销售、使用和保存,有效减少农药中毒。
Objective To understand distribution characteristics of occupational disease in Ningxia region,to provide information support for occupational disease prevention and control.Methods Data on cases with occupational diseases in Ningxia in 2015 was collected through information monitoring system of occupational diseases and occupational health,and the characteristics of the diseases,such as occupation,region distribution were analyzed.Results A total of 105 new occupational diseases cases were reported in2015.The cases of occupational diseases were mainly distributed in the Yinchuan and Shizuishan City.Industry distribution of the cases focused mainly on mining industry.The age diagnosed as occupational diseases was mainly concentrated in 35-54 years old and length of service was mainly concentrated in the 29-10 years.It showed significant difference in different phases of pneumoconiosis at the diagnosed age and the length of service.184 enterprises carried out the health examination for 66273 workers.There were 378 cases with pesticide poisoning.Conclusions Pneumoconiosis is the main occupational disease in the region,the governance and oversight of occupational hazards in the workplace of coal and electricity industry in Yinchuan and Shizuishan City should be strengthened in the future.It is recommended to reduce dust hazards to workers from the source, meanwhile regularly carry out occupational health surveillance,improve suspected occupational screening capability.In Zhongwei and Wuzhong,prevention of pesticide poisoning should be strengthened through education for labor protection,actively carrying out mental health counseling,and managing organophosphorus pesticide transportation,sale,use and storage.
作者
张磊
孙伟
杨文海
耿敬东
谢峰
顾芸
SUN Wei YANG Wen-hai GENG Jing-dong XIE Feng GU Yun(Ningxia Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004 Chin)
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
2017年第2期109-112,共4页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
基金
宁夏卫生计生委重点研究课题(2015-NW-060)
关键词
监测
职业病
宁夏
Epidemiological distribution
Occupational disease
Ningxia
