摘要
目的了解我国北方地区城市社区老年人的跌倒状况及其危险因素,为老年人跌倒的预防控制提供理论依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,在北京市和宁夏银川市两个规模大小、经济水平和基础设施等基本条件相当,地理位置不相邻的社区,共抽取3197名年龄≥60岁的老年人进行本项研究。结果本研究共调查了3197位年龄在60岁及以上的社区老年人,他们的平均年龄为71.12±7.84岁。被调查的3197名老年人中有394人在过去一年中发生过跌倒,跌倒发生率为12.32%。多因素logistics回归分析结果显示,老年人跌倒的危险因素是晕厥(OR=3.32),骨折病史(OR=2.46),骨质疏松症(OR=1.81),强心药(OR=1.58)和视力障碍(OR=1.43)。结论我国北方地区年龄在60岁及以上的老年人中存在较高的跌倒率,且女性高于男性。跌倒已经对城市社区老年人的健康造成严重威胁,全社会都需要重视起来,找到有效防控跌倒的措施。在社区开展对老年人预防跌倒的健康教育,鼓励老年人经常锻炼身体,以降低老年人的跌倒率。
Objectives To understand the status of the fall in the urban community elderly in north China and its risk factors, and provide theoretical basis for the elderly fall prevention. Methods A total of 3917 cases aged 60 years were interviewed with face-to-face by a standard questionnaire produced by the ministry of health in the north of China. Adopt the method of random cluster sampling of two size, in Beijing and in Ningxia , economic level and the basic conditions such as infrastructure, the geographical position is not neighboring communities,respectively to extract 3197 age of more than 60 years old people in the study. Results This study surveyed 3197 old people aged 60 and above community,the average age is 71.12± 7. 84. 3197 subjects,394 occurred in the past year fail down at least once,fall in the incidence of 12. 32%. the results of logistic regression showed that the risk factors for falls included syncope（odds ratio OR = 3.32） , fracture（OR = 2.46） ,osteoporosis（OR = 1. 550） ,decreased ability of dynamic balance（OR = 1.56）, with fall history （ OR = 1.81 ）, cardiotonic drug （ OR = 1.58 ） and Visual impairment （ OR = 1.43 ）. Conclusion The incidence of falls among elderly in the north of Chinese area was high. These would caused serious problems and become a heavy burden to both family and society. It already had a serious threat to urban community health in the elderly. At the same time,the incidence of falls was become an important public health problem that the society should get the attention of it. It would reduce the incidence of falls that encouraging the elderly often exercise outside and carry out the community health education to prevent falls in the elderly community-dweller.
出处
《中国老年保健医学》
2017年第5期21-25,共5页
Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care
基金
国家科技部十二五支撑计划项目(2012BAI10B01
2015BAI06B03)
关键词
老年人
跌倒
危险因素
the elderly, falls, risk factors
