摘要
以聚丙烯腈(PAN)为碳源,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为造孔剂,采用静电纺丝法制备出PAN/PVP复合纳米纤维,经水洗处理以及预氧化和碳化处理制备出PAN基多孔碳纳米纤维,采用扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪以及X射线衍射仪对碳化前后纤维的形貌和结构进行了表征,采用比表面和孔径分布分析仪、电化学工作站对多孔碳纳米纤维的比表面积、孔径分布及电化学性质进行了研究。结果表明:在预氧化和碳化处理过程中PAN基多孔纳米纤维的结构发生了变化,形成了碳碳键的环状结构;随着PVP含量的增加,多孔碳纳米纤维的比表面积增大,比电容增大;当加入PVP的质量分数为20%时,PAN基多孔碳纳米纤维的比表面积和孔体积可以达到216.684 m2/g和0.102 m3/g,扫描速率为5 m V/s的条件下其比电容可达154.36 F/g,电极电阻为3.64Ω。
A polyacrylontrile/polyvinylpyrrolidone （ PAN/PVP） composite nanofiber was prepared by using PAN as a carbon source and PVP as a pore former via electrospinning process and was produced into a PAN-based porous carbon nanofiber after washing , preoxidation and carbonization .The morphology and structure of the fiber were characterized before and after carboniza-tion by scanning electron microscopy , Fourier transform infrared spectrometry , differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffrac-tion analysis .The specific surface area , pore diameter distribution and electrochemical properties of the porous carbon nanofiber were studied with a specific surface area analyzer and an electrochemical workstation .The results showed that the structure of PAN-based porous carbon nanofiber changed due to the formation of the cyclic structure of carbon bonds during the process of preoxidation and carbonization;the specific surface area and specific capacitance of the porous carbon nanofiber were increased with the addition of PVP;the specific surface area and pore volume of the PAN-based porous carbon nanofiber could reach 216. 684 m^2/g and 0.102 m^3/g, respectively, the specific capacitance up to 154.36 F/g and the electrode resistance 3.64 Ωat the scan rate of 5 mV/s as the mass fraction of PVP was 20%.
出处
《合成纤维工业》
CAS
2016年第5期28-32,共5页
China Synthetic Fiber Industry
关键词
聚丙烯腈纤维
多孔碳纳米纤维
静电纺丝
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮
比表面积
电化学性能
polyacrylonitrile fiber
porous carbon nanofiber
electrospinning process
polyvinylpyrrolidone
specific surface area
electrochemical properties
