摘要
【目的】解决当前薯蓣皂素生产中废水量大,酸性强,有机物含量高,存在严重污染问题的现状。【方法】利用饱和蒸汽作为压力介质,在较高压力和温度下处理盾叶薯蓣根茎块,将薯蓣皂素与淀粉、纤维素剥离开,处理过的物料干燥后不需进行酸水解即可直接提取皂素。【结果】分析了影响热分解的各种因素,并予以优化。优化工艺条件为:饱和蒸汽压力1.4MPa,保压时间30min,加料量3.5kg,在此条件下薯蓣皂素的收率为1.745%。在热分解前加入二氧化碳介质,可以提高处理效果,改善物料颜色,但物料呈酸性,保压时间需要适当延长。【结论】热分解工艺无需酸、碱处理,不需对残渣进行清洗,基本无废水产生,可从根本上解决皂素生产中的污水处理问题。
Objective The new treatment method —heat decomposed technology has been put forward to improve the situation of diosgenin from Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright.The wastewater of traditional hydrolysis process is called as the king which is great acidity,thick colour,high organic matter concentration.There isn＇t an appropriate process to treat the wastewater successfully in practical engineering.Method The tubers were crushed at higher temperature and pressure in saturation steam medium.The diosgenin peeled from starch and cellulose,and can be extracted directly.Result The process optimization and the mathematic mold by response method are gotten.The effect of heat decomposed is better with higher pressure,longer holding time,and moderate material amount.The best conditions as follows：the steam pressure 1.4 MPa,holding 30 min,the material 3.5 kg and the product rate 1.745%.The treated material was better with weak color when CO2 added,but the acidity was increased slightly,and the holding time needed longer.Conclusion There is no acid,alkali reagent in the whole process.What＇s the most important is no washing and no wastewater.So it is the real pollution-free technology.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第18期3824-3830,共7页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
河南省教育厅自然科学基础研究项目(2007530004)
关键词
热分解
盾叶薯蓣
薯蓣皂素
响应面法
heat-decomposed
Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright
diosgenin
response method
