摘要
目的调查广州地区大学生咳嗽的患病率及危险因素。方法采用统一的流行病学调查表,以整群随机抽样的方法对广州市某高校1091名大学生进行面访式问卷调查,咳嗽超过8周者进行胸部X线检查。结果调查资料完整的大学生有1087人,男生648人,女生439人,平均年龄为21.16岁±1.25岁。咳嗽的总患病率为10.9%,其中,男生患病率为10.3%,女生患病率为11.9%;急性咳嗽总患病率为7.6%,其中,男生患病率为6.9%,女生患病率为8.7%;慢性咳嗽总患病率为3.3%,男生患病率为3.4%,女生患病率为3.2%。无论在咳嗽总患病率,还是急性咳嗽或慢性咳嗽患病率,男女间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。77.8%的慢性咳嗽患者以咳嗽为惟一或主要症状,与急性咳嗽患者(44.6%)相比,差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.166,P<0.01)。患鼻部疾病是慢性咳嗽患者的危险因素,33.3%的慢性咳嗽患者患有慢性鼻部疾病。结论咳嗽是广州地区青年大学生常见的症候,其患病率无性别差异。鼻部疾病是慢性咳嗽重要的危险因素。
Objective To study the prevalence of cough and its risk factors in young college students in Guangzhou. Methods Using a questionnaire with uniform scheme, a cluster-randomized sampling survey was conducted among young college students in Guangzhou. Fluoroscopy of chest was performed in subjects with persisted cough longer than 8 weeks. Results There were 1087 cases with complete data from 1091 people including 648 males, 439 females with an average age of 21.16 years old. The total prevalence of cough was 10.9 %. Difference in prevalence of cough between males and females showed no significance（ 10.3 % vs. 11.9 %, P 〉 0.05）. There were also no significant differences between male and female in prevalence rates of acute cough （6.9 % vs. 8.7 %, P 〉 0.05 ） and chronic cough （3.4 % vs. 3.2%, P〉 0.05）. Under chronic cough condition, cough was more likely to be the only or major symptom than under acute cough condition （77.8 % vs. 44.6 %, x^2 = 11. 166, P 〈 0.01 ）. Nasal disease was an important risk factor to the development of chronic cough, which was found in 33.3% of the patients with chronic cough and when having chronic nasal diseases. Conclusion Cough seemed a common disorder in young college student in Guangzhou and there was no significant difference in prevalence between males and females. Nasal disease was an important risk factor to chronic cough.
出处
《中华流行病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期123-126,共4页
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
基金
广州市科技攻关重点基金资助项目(2002Z-E0091)
关键词
咳嗽
流行病学调查
患病率
Cough
Epidemiology study
Prevalence rate
