摘要
马圈沟遗址鱼咀沟1号地点位于泥河湾盆地东缘,大田洼台地的北坡,为该遗址最北的一处地点,2017-2018年发掘80 m2,发现7个文化层、4个化石层,发现207件石质标本和一部分动物化石。石制品152件,类型包括石锤、石核、石片、石器、残废品以及备料等,其中石器包括刮削器、凹缺器、尖状器、钻器、砍砸器等,具有中国北方小石器工业的典型特征。原料主要为燧石(39.6%),其次是白云岩(27.5%)与硅质灰岩(19.3%),最后是玄武岩等其他岩类(13.6%)。遗址埋藏于早更新统泥河湾组的地层内,第4、第7文化层分别与马圈沟遗址第I、第III文化层对应,年代分别为距今155万年、166万年,整体年代处于距今166-150万年之间。该地点地层序列清晰,年代古老明确,文化层序众多,文化遗物丰富,进一步丰富了马圈沟遗址早更新世古人类的文化序列,为探索东亚地区早期人类的出现与演化提供了丰富的资料。
The Yuzuigou Locality 1 of Majuangou site is located on the eastern edge of the Nihewan Basin along the north slope of the Datianwa platform and in the most northern part of the Majuangou Paleolithic site.In 2017 and 2018,an 80 m2 excavation was carried out at the site,during which 7 cultural layers,4 fossil layers,207 stone artifacts,and abundant fossils were discovered.There are 152 stone artifacts specifically from the Yuzuigou Locality 1.Chert,dolomite,siliceous limestone and basalt are the main raw materials.Artifacts are divided into general types,such as hammers,cores,flakes,tools,fragments,chunks,or specifically scrapers,notches,points,borers,burins,and choppers.These lithics belong to a tradition of core-flake technology,and are part of the core-flake industry in northern China.The cultural layers of the locality are unambiguous,and some of these layers can be directly compared with the Majuangou site.Layers 4 and 7 correspond directly to layers 1 and 3 at the Majuangou site;according to dating with absolute age determinations at 1.66 MaBP and 1.55 MaBP,respectively.Seven cultural layers in different stages were found in the same sections or beds,including three newly found cultural layers.Some of the cultural layers at the Yuzuigou Paleolithic Locality 1 are very rich while others are not,which can give an important clues to lithic technology,and patterns of human livelihood in the early Pleistocene.With accurate chronology for this locality,abundant cultural connotations,many cultural layers accompanied by large numbers of stone artifacts and fossils,the Yuzuigou Paleolithic Locality 1 is the earliest Early Pleistocene site at Majuangou at present.It provides important materials for the emergence and evolutionary patterns of early human beings in East Asia.More comprehensive and elaborate archaeological investigation and excavation can bring more insight about this location.
作者
刘连强
蒲昱晓
侯佳岐
王法岗
LIU Lianqiang;PU Yuxiao;HOU Jiaqi;WANG Fagang(Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Shijiazhuang 050031;China Cultural Heritagie Information and Consulting Center;School of Archaeology,Jilin University,Changchun 130012)
出处
《人类学学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期40-54,共15页
Acta Anthropologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1521500)
关键词
泥河湾盆地
马圈沟遗址
石制品
早更新世
小石器工业
Nihewan Basin
Majuangou site
Stone Artifacts
Early Pleistocene
Core-flake Industry
