摘要
目的探析2016-2020年湖里区手足口病流行与控制情况,为当地手足口病的预防提供科学依据。方法利用厦门市湖里区2016-2020年中国疾病预防控信息系统报告的手足口病病例数据,以描述流行病学方法分析其时间、年龄、性别及地区分布,了解手足口病的流行病学特征,并提出预防控制策略。结果湖里区2016-2020年共报告手足口病病例为11285例,年平均发病率为219.99/10万,男女患者比1.54∶1,其中手足口病发病率最高的年份是2018年;手足口病遍布各月份,呈明显的季节性变化,其中5~7月、9~11月为高发期,发病率最高的是5、6、9和11月,发病率最低的是1、2和3月;手足口病患者多为1~3岁儿童,5岁以下儿童占病例总数89.94%;散居儿童发病数最多,幼托儿童发病率次之,学生及其他人员最少;实验室确诊263例,其中病原体肠道病毒71型(EV71)检出占11.03%,柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CoxA16)占14.07%,其他肠道病毒占74.90%。结论2016-2020年湖里区手足口病发病季节性明显,1~3岁儿童为重点防控人群,针对儿童监护人员应加强手足口病健康宣教;除了EV71和Cox A16外,一些非常见的病原体已经出现并成为手足口病的致病原,应引起关注。
Objective To analyze the incidence and control of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Huli district from 2016 to 2020.Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze and compare the relevant data of hand-foot-mouth disease cases reported in Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System in Huli District from 2016 to 2020 in order to understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease and put forward the control strategy of hand-foot-mouth disease.Results A total of 11285 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Huli District from 2016 to 2020,the incidence rate was 219.99/100000,and the ratio of male to female patients was 1.54:1.The incidence was highest in 2018.The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease occurred in all months.The reported incidence of HFMD has obvious seasonality,with the highest incidence in May,June and July,and the lowest incidence in February,March and August.During the period from 2016 to 2020,the incidence was the highest in May,June,September and November,while the lowest was in January,February and March.Most of the patients with HFMD were 1-3 years-old children,among which those under 5 years old accounted for 89.94%of the total number of cases;the incidence of HFMD was the highest in scattered children,followed by kindergarten children,and that of students and other personnel was the lowest.Among them,EV71,CoxA16 and other enteroviruses accounted for 11.03%,14.07%and 74.90%respectively.Conclusions The incidence of HFMD in Huli District is seasonal from 2016 to 2020,and children aged 1-3 years old are a key group in prevention and control.Health education on hand-foot-mouth disease should be strengthened for child guardians.In addition to EV71 and CoxA16,some uncommon pathogens have appeared and become the pathogens of HFMD,which should be paid attention to.
作者
陈亚娜
聂晓丽
CHEN Ya-na;NIE Xiao-li(Huli Center for Disease and Control Prevention,Xiamen 361000,China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
CAS
2022年第10期539-542,共4页
Journal Of Community Medicine
关键词
手足口病
流行病学
病原
调查分析
hand-foot-mouth disease
epidemiology
pathogen
investigation and analysis
