The urgent demand for portable electronics has promoted the development of high-efficienc）9 sustainable, and even stretchable self-charging power sources. In this work, we propose a flexible self-charging power unit ...The urgent demand for portable electronics has promoted the development of high-efficienc）9 sustainable, and even stretchable self-charging power sources. In this work, we propose a flexible self-charging power unit based on folded carbon （FC） paper for harvesting mechanical energy from human motion and power portable electronics. The present unit mainly consists of a triboelectric nanogenerator （FC-TENG） and a supercapacitor （FC-SC）, both based on folded carbon paper, as energy harvester and storage device, respectively. This favorable geometric design provides the high Young＇s modulus carbon paper with excellent stretchability and enables the power unit to work even under severe deformations, such as bending, twisting, and rolling. In addition, the tensile strain can be maximized by tuning the folding angle of the triangle-folded carbon paper. Moreover, the waterproof property of the packaged device make it washable, protect it from human sweat, and enable it to work in harsh environments. Finally, the as-prepared self-charging power unit was tested by placing it on the human body to harvest mechanical energy from hand tapping, foot treading, and arm touching, successfully powering an electronic watch. This work demonstrates the impressive potential of stretchable self-charging power units, which will further promote the development of high Young＇s modulus materials for wearable/portable electronics.展开更多
Piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)are promising for harvesting renewable and abundant mechanical energy with high efficiency.Up to now,published research studies have mainly focused on increasing the sensitivity and ...Piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)are promising for harvesting renewable and abundant mechanical energy with high efficiency.Up to now,published research studies have mainly focused on increasing the sensitivity and output of PENGs.The technical challenges in relation to practicability,comfort,and antibacterial performance,which are critically important for wearable applications,have not been well addressed.To overcome the limitations,we developed an all-nanofiber PENG(ANF-PENG)with a sandwich structure,in which the middle poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene(P(VDF-HFP))/ZnO electrospun nanofibers serve as the piezoelectric layer,and the above and below electrostatic direct-writing P(VDF-HFP)/ZnO nanofiber membranes with a 110 nm Ag layer on one side that was plated by vacuum coating technique serve as the electrode layer.As the ANF-PENG only has 91μm thick and does not need further encapsulating,it has a high air permeability of 24.97 mm/s.ZnO nanoparticles in ANF-PENG not only improve the piezoelectric output,but also have antibacterial function(over 98%).The multifunctional ANF-PENG demonstrates good sensitivity to human motion and can harvest mechanical energy,indicating great potential applications in flexible self-powered electronic wearables and body health monitoring.展开更多
Conventional firefighting clothing and fire masks can protect firemen’s safety to a certain extent,whereas cannot perceive environmental hazards and monitor their physical status in real time.Herein,we fabricated two...Conventional firefighting clothing and fire masks can protect firemen’s safety to a certain extent,whereas cannot perceive environmental hazards and monitor their physical status in real time.Herein,we fabricated two kinds of Janus graphene/poly(pphenylene benzobisoxazole)(PBO)fabrics by laser direct writing approach and evaluated their performance as intelligent firefighting clothes and fire masks.The results showed that the Janus graphene/PBO fabrics were virtually non-combustible and achieved the highest thermal protection time of 18.91 s ever reported in flame,which is due to the intrinsic flame-retardant nature of PBO fibers.The graphene/PBO woven fabrics-based sensor showed good repeatability and stability in human motion monitoring and NO_(2)gas detection.Furthermore,the piezoelectric fire mask was assembled with graphene/PBO nonwoven fabric as electrode layer and polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)electrostatic direct writing film as piezoelectric layer.The filtration efficiency of the fire mask reaches 95%for PM_(2.5)and 100%for PM_(3.0),indicating its effective filtration capability for smoke particles in fires.The respiratory resistance of the piezoelectric fire mask(46.8 Pa)was lower than that of commercial masks(49 Pa),showing that it has good wearing comfort.Besides,the piezoelectric fire mask can be sensitive to the speed and intensity of human breathing,which is essential for indirectly reflecting the health of the human body.Consequently,this work provides a facile approach to fabricate next-generation intrinsic flame-retardant smart textiles for smart firefighting.展开更多
Single atom catalysts(SACs)have attracted great attention,yet the quest for highly-efficient catalysts is driven by the current obstacles of ambiguous structure-performance relationship.Here,we report a nature keratin...Single atom catalysts(SACs)have attracted great attention,yet the quest for highly-efficient catalysts is driven by the current obstacles of ambiguous structure-performance relationship.Here,we report a nature keratin-based Fe-S_(1)N_(3)SACs with ultrathin two-dimensional(2D)porous carbon nanosheets structure,by controlling the active center through the precise coordination of sulfur and nitrogen.Compared with natural silk-based Fe-N_(4) catalyst,the Fe-S_(1)N_(3)SACs exhibit excellent Fenton-like oxidation degradation ability.X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS)and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)results confirm that S doping is conducive to electron transfer,to accurately generate·OH with high oxidative degradation capacity at the active site.Therefore,the optimized Fe-S_(1)N_(3)catalyst showed higher oxidation degradation activity for organic pollutant substrates(methylene blue(MB),Rhodamine B(RhB)and phenol),significantly superior to Fe-N_(4) samples.This work is devoted to the treatment and application of natural fibers,which provides a novel method for the synthesis of SACs and the regulation of atomic coordination environment.展开更多
With the increasing demand for smart wearable clothing, the textile piezoelectric pressure sensor (T-PEPS) that can harvest mechanical energy directly has attracted significant attention. However, the current challeng...With the increasing demand for smart wearable clothing, the textile piezoelectric pressure sensor (T-PEPS) that can harvest mechanical energy directly has attracted significant attention. However, the current challenge of T-PEPS lies in remaining the outstanding output performance without compromising its wearing comfort. Here, a novel structural hierarchy T-PEPS based on the single-crystalline ZnO nanorods are designed. The T-PEPS is constructed with three layers mode consisting of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane, the top and bottom layers of conductive rGO polyester (PET) fabrics with self-orientation ZnO nanorods. As a result, the as-fabricated T-PEPS shows low detection limit up to 8.71 Pa, high output voltage to 11.47 V and superior mechanical stability. The sensitivity of the sensor is 0.62 V·kPa−1 in the pressure range of 0–2.25 kPa. Meanwhile, the T-PEPS is employed to detect human movements such as bending/relaxation motion of the wrist, bending/stretching motion of each finger. It is demonstrated that the T-PEPS can be up-scaled to promote the application of wearable sensor platforms and self-powered devices.展开更多
Carbon fibers(CFs)are widely used in various cutting-edge fields,such as aerospace,military,automobiles,and sports,owing to their unique combination of excellent mechanical properties,good thermal stability,and lightw...Carbon fibers(CFs)are widely used in various cutting-edge fields,such as aerospace,military,automobiles,and sports,owing to their unique combination of excellent mechanical properties,good thermal stability,and lightweight.However,their inherent super-black appearance makes it difficult to satisfy the aesthetic/fashion requirements of the colorful world,and the flammability of CFs severely limits their practical utilization in high-temperature and other extreme environments.Herein,we fabricated full-color tunable colored CFs on a large-scale via atomic layer deposition,based on the monolayer film interference strategy.CFs exhibited brilliant colors and excellent environmental durability in extreme environments,such as intense ultraviolet(UV)irradiation,accelerated laundering,friction,high-temperature,and low-temperature treatments.Colored CFs also exhibited excellent fire-retardant performance that could withstand alcohol-lamp flame burning for 60 min.Our work provides insights into an innovative material/structural design that can help achieve rapid development of the CF industry and global carbon neutrality/sustainability.展开更多
Wearable and portable electronic devices based on textile structure have been widely used owing to their wearability and comfortableness.However,yarn fineness and the comfort of the fabric cannot satisfy the requireme...Wearable and portable electronic devices based on textile structure have been widely used owing to their wearability and comfortableness.However,yarn fineness and the comfort of the fabric cannot satisfy the requirements of smart wearable devices.This work presents a novel strategy to prepare highly integrated PVDF/conductive nylon core-sheath structure piezoelectric yarns for wearable which is fabricated by combining electrospinning strategy with 2D braiding technology.The fineness of single yarns as well as strength are both improved significantly compared to previous works.The piezoelectric outputs of the yarn are still stable after 800 s fatigue test at a frequency of 4 Hz,and the cycle stability can maintain more than 3200 cycles.Furthermore,the piezoelectric yarns are further woven into piezoelectric plain fabric.According to the electrical performance,the length of the piezoelectric yarn and the thickness of the piezoelectric layer would both affect the output electrical performance.The yarn of the 10 cm in length and 600μm in fineness can produce an output voltage of 120 mV.Meanwhile,Both the piezoelectric yarn and the fabric could generate piezoelectric output signals through human movement,such as bending,walking.Therefore,the electrical and mechanical performance of the piezoelectric yarns prepared in our work could be improved significantly,and the comfortableness and durability performance of the piezoelectric fabric can satisfy most wearing requirements,which would provide some help in the field of piezoelectric wearable devices based on yarns and fabrics.展开更多
The demand for sustainable functional materials with an eco-friendly preparation process is on the rise.Lignocellulosics has been attributed as the most sustainable bioresource on earth which can meet the stringentreq...The demand for sustainable functional materials with an eco-friendly preparation process is on the rise.Lignocellulosics has been attributed as the most sustainable bioresource on earth which can meet the stringentrequirements of functionalization. However, cellulose nanomaterials obtained from lignocellulosics which has reachedadvanced stages as a sustainable functional material is challenged by its preparation procedures. These procedures can notbest be described as sustainable and eco-friendly owning to lots of energy and chemicals spent in the pre-treatment andpurification processes. These processes are intended to aid fractionation into the major components in order to removelignin and hemicellulose for the production of cellulose nanomaterials. This work is thus centred on reviewing theprogress achieved in introducing a new cellulose nanomaterial containing lignin. The preparation processes, propertiesand applications of this new lignin-containing cellulose nanomaterial will be discussed in order to chart a sustainablepreparation route for cellulose nanomaterials.展开更多
The flexible materials exhibit more favorable properties than most rigid substrates in flexibility,weight saving,mechanical reliability,and excellent environmental toughness.Particularly,flexible graphene film with un...The flexible materials exhibit more favorable properties than most rigid substrates in flexibility,weight saving,mechanical reliability,and excellent environmental toughness.Particularly,flexible graphene film with unique mechanical properties was extensively explored in high frequency devices.Herein,we report the characteristics of structure and magnetic properties at high frequency of Co2FeAl thin film with different thicknesses grown on flexible graphene substrate at room temperature.The exciting finding for the columnar structure of Co2FeAl thin film lays the foundation for excellent high frequency property of Co2FeAl/flexible graphene structure.In-plane magnetic anisotropy field varying with increasing thickness of Co2FeAl thin film can be obtained by measurement of ferromagnetic resonance,which can be ascribed to the enhancement of crystallinity and the increase of grain size.Meanwhile,the resonance frequency which can be achieved by the measurement of vector network analyzer with the microstrip method increases with increasing thickness of Co2FeAl thin film.Moreover,in our case with graphene film,the resonance magnetic field is quite stable though folded for twenty cycles,which demonstrates that good flexibility of graphene film and the stability of high frequency magnetic property of Co2FeAl thin film grown on flexible graphene substrate.These results are promising for the design of microwave devices and wireless communication equipment.展开更多
A series of single-phase and color-tunable phosphors Sr_(2)La_(3)(SiO_(4))_(3)F:0.15Tb^(3+),xSm^(3+)(SLSOF:0.15Tb^(3+),xSm^(3+)) was prepared using solid-state route.The X-ray diffraction(XRD) was used to characterize...A series of single-phase and color-tunable phosphors Sr_(2)La_(3)(SiO_(4))_(3)F:0.15Tb^(3+),xSm^(3+)(SLSOF:0.15Tb^(3+),xSm^(3+)) was prepared using solid-state route.The X-ray diffraction(XRD) was used to characterize the phase of the as-prepared samples.The synthesized phosphors have apatite-type structure without other impurities.Sm^(3+) and Tb^(3+) ions substitute La^(3+) into the lattice and form a single-phase solid solution.The elements are evenly distributed in the sample according to the scanning electron microscopy(SEM) results.The crystal structure of the host phosphor was refined by the Rietveld method.The optical properties were studied in detail by investigation of the luminescence and diffuse spectra,fluorescence decay curves and energy transfer efficiency.The phosphor color can be changed from green(0.29,0.48) to yellow/orange and red(0.57,0.42) via adjusting the doping ratio of Sm^(3+).The SLSOF:0.15Tb^(3+),xSm^(3+)phosphors can emit typical multicolor light such as green,yellow,orange and red with gradually increasing Sm^(3+)doping concentration.All results indicate the occurrence of the energy transfer which results in the color-tunable properties of the phosphors.展开更多
The electrocatalytic synthesis of C-N coupling compounds from CO_(2) and nitrogenous species not only offers an effective avenue to achieve carbon neutral-ity and reduce environmental pollution,but also establishes a ...The electrocatalytic synthesis of C-N coupling compounds from CO_(2) and nitrogenous species not only offers an effective avenue to achieve carbon neutral-ity and reduce environmental pollution,but also establishes a route to synthesize valuable chemicals,such as urea,amide,and amine.This innovative approach expands the application range and product categories beyond simple carbona-ceous species in electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction,which is becoming a rapidly advancing field.This review summarizes the research progress in electrocatalytic urea synthesis,using N_(2),NO_(2)^(-),and NO_(3)^(-)as nitrogenous species,and explores emerging trends in the electrosynthesis of amide and amine from CO_(2) and nitro-gen species.Additionally,the future opportunities in this field are highlighted,including electrosynthesis of amino acids and other compounds containing C-N bonds,anodic C-N coupling reactions beyond water oxidation,and the catalytic mechanism of corresponding reactions.This critical review also captures the insights aimed at accelerating the development of electrochemical C-N coupling reactions,confirming the superiority of this electrochemical method over the traditional techniques.展开更多
Electrochemical C-C and C-N coupling reactions with the conversion of abundant and inexpensive small molecules,such as CO_(2) and nitrogencontaining species,are considered a promising route for increasing the value of...Electrochemical C-C and C-N coupling reactions with the conversion of abundant and inexpensive small molecules,such as CO_(2) and nitrogencontaining species,are considered a promising route for increasing the value of CO_(2) reduction products.The development of high-performance catalysts is the key to the both electrocatalytic reactions.In this review,we present a systematic summary of the reaction systems for electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction,along with the coupling mechanisms of C-C and C-N bonds over outstanding electrocatalytic materials recently developed.The key intermediate species and reaction pathways related to the coupling as well as the catalyst-structure relationship will be also discussed,aiming to provide insights and guidance for designing efficient CO_(2) reduction systems.展开更多
Interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers(CF)and polyetherketoneketone(PEKK)is a key factor that affects the mechanical performances of their composites.It is therefore of great importance to impregnate the CF bundle...Interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers(CF)and polyetherketoneketone(PEKK)is a key factor that affects the mechanical performances of their composites.It is therefore of great importance to impregnate the CF bundles with PEKK as effi-ciently as possible.We report that PEKK with a good dispersion in a mixed solution of 4-chlorophenol and 1,2-dichloroethane can be introduced onto CF surfaces by solution impregnation and curing at 280,320,340 and 360℃.The excellent wettability or infiltra-tion of the PEKK solution guarantees a full covering and its tight binding to CFs,making it possible to evaluate the interfacial shear strength(IFSS)with the microdroplet method.The interior of the CF bundles is completely and uniformly filled with PEKK by solu-tion impregnation,leading to a high interlaminar shear strength(ILSS).The maximum IFSS and ILSS reached 107.8 and 99.3 MPa,respectively.Such superior shear properties are ascribed to the formation of amorphous PEKK in the small spaces between CFs.展开更多
Pomegranate rind is abundantly available as a waste material. Pomegranate Rind Extract (PRE) can be applied to cotton fabrics for its natural colours, as a mordanting agent and also for imparting certain functional pr...Pomegranate rind is abundantly available as a waste material. Pomegranate Rind Extract (PRE) can be applied to cotton fabrics for its natural colours, as a mordanting agent and also for imparting certain functional properties such as fire retardancy and antimicrobial properties. This paper reviews the feasibility of Pomegranate Rind Extract to improve the functional properties of cellulosic fabrics. Studies show that varying concentrations and higher temperatures that were used to apply the extract on the fabric, resulted in enhanced functional properties. At a particular concentration, the treated fabric showed a 15 times lower burning rate in comparison with the control fabric. Also, antimicrobial efficacy has been observed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Due to the natural colouring material, it can be used as a natural dye on cotton material. The fire retardancy of pomegranate rind extract was tested on jute material under varying alkalinity. Research has indicated that pomegranate rind extract could be used to dye polyamide as well. The rubbing and wash fastness of the finished fabrics is good. The light fastness was fair, and its antibacterial efficiency against tested bacteria was good.展开更多
Wearable tensile strain sensors have attracted substantial research interest due to their great potential in applications for the real-time detection of human motion and health through the construction of body-sensing...Wearable tensile strain sensors have attracted substantial research interest due to their great potential in applications for the real-time detection of human motion and health through the construction of body-sensing networks.Conventional devices,however,are constantly demonstrated in non-real world scenarios,where changes in body temperature and humidity are ignored,which results in questionable sensing accuracy and reliability in practical applications.In this work,a fabric-like strain sensor is developed by fabricating graphene-modified Calotropis gigantea yarn and elastic yarn(i.e.Spandex)into an independently crossed structure,enabling the sensor with tunable sensitivity by directly altering the sensor width.The sensor possesses excellent breathability,allowing water vapor generated by body skin to be discharged into the environment(the water evaporation rate is approximately 2.03 kg m^(-2) h^(-1))and creating a pleasing microenvironment between the sensor and the skin by avoiding the hindering of perspiration release.More importantly,the sensor is shown to have a sensing stability towards changes in temperature and humidity,implementing sensing reliability against complex and changeable wearable microclimate.By wearing the sensor at various locations of the human body,a full-range body area sensing network for monitoring various body movements and vital signs,such as speaking,coughing,breathing and walking,is successfully dem-onstrated.It provides a new route for achieving wearing-comfortable,high-performance and sensing-reliable strain sensors.展开更多
As persulfate(S_(2)O_(8)^(2-))is being increasingly used as an alternative oxidizing agent,developing lowcost and eco-friendly catalysts for efficient S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)activation is potentially useful for the treatment ...As persulfate(S_(2)O_(8)^(2-))is being increasingly used as an alternative oxidizing agent,developing lowcost and eco-friendly catalysts for efficient S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)activation is potentially useful for the treatment of wastewater containing refractory organic pollutant.In this study,the degradative features and mechanisms of carbamazepine(CBZ)were systematically investigated in a novel FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process under near-neutral conditions.The results exhibited that CBZ can be effectively eliminated by the FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process and the optimal conditions were:250 mg/L FeS,0.5 mmol/L S_(2)O_(8)^(2-),and pH=6.0.The existence of Cl^(−)(1 and 50 mmol/L)has little influence on the CBZ elimination,while both HCO_(3)^(−) and HPO_(4)^(2−)(1 and 50 mmol/L)significantly suppressed the CBZ removal in the FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process.CBZ could be degraded via a radical mechanism in the FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process,the working radical species(i.e.,SO_(4)•−and•OH)were efficiently formed via the promoted decomposition of S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)by the surface Fe2+on the FeS and the dissolved ferrous ions in solution.Based on the identified oxidized products and Fukui index calculations,a possible degradation pathway of CBZ was speculated.More importantly,a two-stage oxidation mechanism of CBZ elimination was speculated in the FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process,the activation of S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)by the surface-active Fe(II)of FeS dominated in the initial 5 min,while homogeneous oxidation reactions played more essential parts than others in the following reaction stage(5–60 min).Overall,this study demonstrated that the FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process is capable of removing CBZ from water efficiently.展开更多
With the development and prosperity of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,wearable electronics have brought fresh changes to our lives.The demands for low power consumption and mini-type wearable power systems for wear...With the development and prosperity of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,wearable electronics have brought fresh changes to our lives.The demands for low power consumption and mini-type wearable power systems for wearable electronics are more urgent than ever.Thermoelectric materials can efficiently convert the temperature difference between body and environment into electrical energy without the need for mechanical components,making them one of the ideal candidates for wearable power systems.In recent years,a variety of high-performance thermoelectric materials and processes for the preparation of large-scale single-fiber devices have emerged,driving the application of flexible fiber-based thermoelectric generators.By weaving thermoelectric fibers into a textile that conforms to human skin,it can achieve stable operation for long periods even when the human body is in motion.In this review,the complete process from thermoelectric materials to single-fiber/yarn devices to thermoelectric textiles is introduced comprehensively.Strategies for enhancing thermoelectric performance,processing techniques for fiber devices,and the wide applications of thermoelectric textiles are summarized.In addition,the challenges of ductile thermoelectric materials,system integration,and specifications are discussed,and the relevant developments in this field are prospected.展开更多
Cu-based electrocatalysts with favorable facets and Cu^(+)can boost CO_(2) reduction to valuable multicarbon products.However,the inevitable Cu^(+)reduction and the phase evolution usually result in poor performance.H...Cu-based electrocatalysts with favorable facets and Cu^(+)can boost CO_(2) reduction to valuable multicarbon products.However,the inevitable Cu^(+)reduction and the phase evolution usually result in poor performance.Herein,we fabricate CuI nanodots with favorable(220)facets and a stable Cu^(+)state,accomplished by operando reconstruction of Cu(OH)_(2) under CO_(2)-and I--containing electrolytes for enhanced CO_(2)-to-C_(2)H_(4) conversion.Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS),in-situ Raman spectroscopy and thermodynamic potential analysis reveal the preferred formation of CuI.Vacuum gas electroresponse and density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that CO_(2)-related species induce the exposure of the(220)plane of Cu I.Moreover,the small size of nanodots enables the adequate contact with I^(-),which guarantees the rapid formation of Cu I instead of the electroreduction to Cu^(0).As a result,the resulting catalysts exhibit a high C2H4 Faradaic efficiency of 72.4%at a large current density of 800 m A cm^(-2) and robust stability for 12 h in a flow cell.Combined in-situ ATR-SEIRS spectroscopic characterizations and DFT calculations indicate that the(220)facets and stable Cu^(+) in CuI nanodots synergistically facilitate CO_(2)/*CO adsorption and*CO dimerization.展开更多
Traditional machine learning relies on a centralized data pipeline for model training in various applications;however,data are inherently fragmented.Such a decentralized nature of databases presents the serious challe...Traditional machine learning relies on a centralized data pipeline for model training in various applications;however,data are inherently fragmented.Such a decentralized nature of databases presents the serious challenge for collaboration:sending all decentralized datasets to a central server raises serious privacy concerns.Although there has been a joint effort in tackling such a critical issue by proposing privacy-preserving machine learning frameworks,such as federated learning,most state-of-the-art frameworks are built still in a centralized way,in which a central client is needed for collecting and distributing model information(instead of data itself)from every other client,leading to high communication burden and high vulnerability when there exists a failure at or an attack on the central client.Here we propose a principled decentralized federated learning algorithm(DeceFL),which does not require a central client and relies only on local information transmission between clients and their neighbors,representing a fully decentralized learning framework.It has been further proven that every client reaches the global minimum with zero performance gap and achieves the same convergence rate O(1=T)(where T is the number of iterations in gradient descent)as centralized federated learning when the loss function is smooth and strongly convex.Finally,the proposed algorithm has been applied to a number of applications to illustrate its effectiveness for both convex and nonconvex loss functions,time-invariant and time-varying topologies,as well as IID and Non-IID of datasets,demonstrating its applicability to a wide range of real-world medical and industrial applications.展开更多
Lignocellulose has the potential to become a bio-based adsorbent due to its biodegradability and renewability.In this study,a novel polydopamine functionalized-lignin(lignin@PDA),prepared via self-polymerization of do...Lignocellulose has the potential to become a bio-based adsorbent due to its biodegradability and renewability.In this study,a novel polydopamine functionalized-lignin(lignin@PDA),prepared via self-polymerization of dopamine(PDA)on lignin,was used as a bio-based adsorbent for rapid scavenging of hexavalent chromium(Cr(VI)).The morphology,functional groups,crystalline structure,and chemical composition of lignin@PDA were characterized with a scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The Cr(VI)adsorption process of lignin@PDA was studied using batch experiments as a function of pH,ionic strength,adsorbent dose,and contact time at room temperature.The adsorption rate of lignin@PDA was five times greater than that of the unmodified lignin,with a maximum adsorption capacity of 102.6 mg/g in an acidic medium.The adsorption of Cr(VI)on lignin@PDA fit the pseudo-secondorder equation and the Freundlich model,indicating that the adsorption process was mainly dominated by chemisorption and surface complexation.The thermodynamic parameters showed that adsorption of Cr(VI)on lignin@PDA was an endothermic and spontaneous process.The X-ray absorption fine structure results showed that sorption and reduction of Cr(VI)into Cr(II)occurred simultaneously on lignin.Moreover,PDA coating not only improved the reactivity of lignin but also promoted the complete reduction of Cr(VI)by lignin.According to these results,polydopamine functionalized-lignin is a promising bio-based adsorbent for immobilization of Cr(VI)from wastewater.展开更多
文摘The urgent demand for portable electronics has promoted the development of high-efficienc）9 sustainable, and even stretchable self-charging power sources. In this work, we propose a flexible self-charging power unit based on folded carbon （FC） paper for harvesting mechanical energy from human motion and power portable electronics. The present unit mainly consists of a triboelectric nanogenerator （FC-TENG） and a supercapacitor （FC-SC）, both based on folded carbon paper, as energy harvester and storage device, respectively. This favorable geometric design provides the high Young＇s modulus carbon paper with excellent stretchability and enables the power unit to work even under severe deformations, such as bending, twisting, and rolling. In addition, the tensile strain can be maximized by tuning the folding angle of the triangle-folded carbon paper. Moreover, the waterproof property of the packaged device make it washable, protect it from human sweat, and enable it to work in harsh environments. Finally, the as-prepared self-charging power unit was tested by placing it on the human body to harvest mechanical energy from hand tapping, foot treading, and arm touching, successfully powering an electronic watch. This work demonstrates the impressive potential of stretchable self-charging power units, which will further promote the development of high Young＇s modulus materials for wearable/portable electronics.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52073224)Textile Vision Basic Research Program of China(No.J202110)+3 种基金Advanced manufacturing technology project of Xi’an Science and Technology Bureau,China(21XJZZ0019)Scientific Research Project of Shaanxi Provincial Education Department,China(No.22JC035)Key Research and Development Program of Xianyang Science and Technology Bureau,China(No.2021ZDYF-GY-0035)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Xi’an Polytechnic University(No.BS202006).
文摘Piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)are promising for harvesting renewable and abundant mechanical energy with high efficiency.Up to now,published research studies have mainly focused on increasing the sensitivity and output of PENGs.The technical challenges in relation to practicability,comfort,and antibacterial performance,which are critically important for wearable applications,have not been well addressed.To overcome the limitations,we developed an all-nanofiber PENG(ANF-PENG)with a sandwich structure,in which the middle poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene(P(VDF-HFP))/ZnO electrospun nanofibers serve as the piezoelectric layer,and the above and below electrostatic direct-writing P(VDF-HFP)/ZnO nanofiber membranes with a 110 nm Ag layer on one side that was plated by vacuum coating technique serve as the electrode layer.As the ANF-PENG only has 91μm thick and does not need further encapsulating,it has a high air permeability of 24.97 mm/s.ZnO nanoparticles in ANF-PENG not only improve the piezoelectric output,but also have antibacterial function(over 98%).The multifunctional ANF-PENG demonstrates good sensitivity to human motion and can harvest mechanical energy,indicating great potential applications in flexible self-powered electronic wearables and body health monitoring.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52073224 and 52202111)the Textile Vision Basic Research Program of China(No.J202110)+4 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Xianyang Science and Technology Bureau,China(No.2021ZDYF-GY-0035)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2022SF-470)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2022GY-377)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2021JQ-685)the Scientific Research Project of Shaanxi Provincial Education Department,China(No.22JC035).
文摘Conventional firefighting clothing and fire masks can protect firemen’s safety to a certain extent,whereas cannot perceive environmental hazards and monitor their physical status in real time.Herein,we fabricated two kinds of Janus graphene/poly(pphenylene benzobisoxazole)(PBO)fabrics by laser direct writing approach and evaluated their performance as intelligent firefighting clothes and fire masks.The results showed that the Janus graphene/PBO fabrics were virtually non-combustible and achieved the highest thermal protection time of 18.91 s ever reported in flame,which is due to the intrinsic flame-retardant nature of PBO fibers.The graphene/PBO woven fabrics-based sensor showed good repeatability and stability in human motion monitoring and NO_(2)gas detection.Furthermore,the piezoelectric fire mask was assembled with graphene/PBO nonwoven fabric as electrode layer and polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)electrostatic direct writing film as piezoelectric layer.The filtration efficiency of the fire mask reaches 95%for PM_(2.5)and 100%for PM_(3.0),indicating its effective filtration capability for smoke particles in fires.The respiratory resistance of the piezoelectric fire mask(46.8 Pa)was lower than that of commercial masks(49 Pa),showing that it has good wearing comfort.Besides,the piezoelectric fire mask can be sensitive to the speed and intensity of human breathing,which is essential for indirectly reflecting the health of the human body.Consequently,this work provides a facile approach to fabricate next-generation intrinsic flame-retardant smart textiles for smart firefighting.
基金This work was supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2212018)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22105116)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.B2021208001)Key Research and Development Program of Shijiazhuang(No.221070361A)the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars。
文摘Single atom catalysts(SACs)have attracted great attention,yet the quest for highly-efficient catalysts is driven by the current obstacles of ambiguous structure-performance relationship.Here,we report a nature keratin-based Fe-S_(1)N_(3)SACs with ultrathin two-dimensional(2D)porous carbon nanosheets structure,by controlling the active center through the precise coordination of sulfur and nitrogen.Compared with natural silk-based Fe-N_(4) catalyst,the Fe-S_(1)N_(3)SACs exhibit excellent Fenton-like oxidation degradation ability.X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS)and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)results confirm that S doping is conducive to electron transfer,to accurately generate·OH with high oxidative degradation capacity at the active site.Therefore,the optimized Fe-S_(1)N_(3)catalyst showed higher oxidation degradation activity for organic pollutant substrates(methylene blue(MB),Rhodamine B(RhB)and phenol),significantly superior to Fe-N_(4) samples.This work is devoted to the treatment and application of natural fibers,which provides a novel method for the synthesis of SACs and the regulation of atomic coordination environment.
基金This study was supported by National First-Class Discipline Program of Light Industry Technology and Engineering(No.LITE2018-21)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFC2000903 and 2019YFC1711701)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21975107,61803364,and U1913216)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.JUSRP51724B)the Shenzhen Fundamental Research and Discipline Layout Project(No.JCYJ20180302145549896).
文摘With the increasing demand for smart wearable clothing, the textile piezoelectric pressure sensor (T-PEPS) that can harvest mechanical energy directly has attracted significant attention. However, the current challenge of T-PEPS lies in remaining the outstanding output performance without compromising its wearing comfort. Here, a novel structural hierarchy T-PEPS based on the single-crystalline ZnO nanorods are designed. The T-PEPS is constructed with three layers mode consisting of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane, the top and bottom layers of conductive rGO polyester (PET) fabrics with self-orientation ZnO nanorods. As a result, the as-fabricated T-PEPS shows low detection limit up to 8.71 Pa, high output voltage to 11.47 V and superior mechanical stability. The sensitivity of the sensor is 0.62 V·kPa−1 in the pressure range of 0–2.25 kPa. Meanwhile, the T-PEPS is employed to detect human movements such as bending/relaxation motion of the wrist, bending/stretching motion of each finger. It is demonstrated that the T-PEPS can be up-scaled to promote the application of wearable sensor platforms and self-powered devices.
基金We thank Y.Huang from Tsinghua University for the help in characterizing colored CFs samplessupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51903008 and U1910209)+6 种基金Science and Technology Research Project of the Educational Commission of Hubei Province(D20211703)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2023433)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant No.20210302124128)Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles from Qingdao University(Grant No.2020105)Hubei Key Laboratory of Digital Textile Equipment,Wuhan Textile University(Grant No.DTL 2022006)National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk,Soochow University(Grant No.SDGC2148)National Local Joint Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production(Grant No.17).
文摘Carbon fibers(CFs)are widely used in various cutting-edge fields,such as aerospace,military,automobiles,and sports,owing to their unique combination of excellent mechanical properties,good thermal stability,and lightweight.However,their inherent super-black appearance makes it difficult to satisfy the aesthetic/fashion requirements of the colorful world,and the flammability of CFs severely limits their practical utilization in high-temperature and other extreme environments.Herein,we fabricated full-color tunable colored CFs on a large-scale via atomic layer deposition,based on the monolayer film interference strategy.CFs exhibited brilliant colors and excellent environmental durability in extreme environments,such as intense ultraviolet(UV)irradiation,accelerated laundering,friction,high-temperature,and low-temperature treatments.Colored CFs also exhibited excellent fire-retardant performance that could withstand alcohol-lamp flame burning for 60 min.Our work provides insights into an innovative material/structural design that can help achieve rapid development of the CF industry and global carbon neutrality/sustainability.
基金support from National Natural Science Foundation,China(Nos.52073224,51703179)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFA0706801)+3 种基金Innovation Capacity Support Plan of Shaanxi,China(No.2020PT-043)Scientific and Technology Project for Overseas Students of Shaanxi,China(No.12)Scientific Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Provincial Education Department,China(Grant No:18JS041)Thousand Talents Program of Shaanxi Province.
文摘Wearable and portable electronic devices based on textile structure have been widely used owing to their wearability and comfortableness.However,yarn fineness and the comfort of the fabric cannot satisfy the requirements of smart wearable devices.This work presents a novel strategy to prepare highly integrated PVDF/conductive nylon core-sheath structure piezoelectric yarns for wearable which is fabricated by combining electrospinning strategy with 2D braiding technology.The fineness of single yarns as well as strength are both improved significantly compared to previous works.The piezoelectric outputs of the yarn are still stable after 800 s fatigue test at a frequency of 4 Hz,and the cycle stability can maintain more than 3200 cycles.Furthermore,the piezoelectric yarns are further woven into piezoelectric plain fabric.According to the electrical performance,the length of the piezoelectric yarn and the thickness of the piezoelectric layer would both affect the output electrical performance.The yarn of the 10 cm in length and 600μm in fineness can produce an output voltage of 120 mV.Meanwhile,Both the piezoelectric yarn and the fabric could generate piezoelectric output signals through human movement,such as bending,walking.Therefore,the electrical and mechanical performance of the piezoelectric yarns prepared in our work could be improved significantly,and the comfortableness and durability performance of the piezoelectric fabric can satisfy most wearing requirements,which would provide some help in the field of piezoelectric wearable devices based on yarns and fabrics.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51733009)Chinese Academy of Science-President’s International Fellowship Initiative(CAS-PIFI)Postdoctoral Research in China(No.2017PS0019).
文摘The demand for sustainable functional materials with an eco-friendly preparation process is on the rise.Lignocellulosics has been attributed as the most sustainable bioresource on earth which can meet the stringentrequirements of functionalization. However, cellulose nanomaterials obtained from lignocellulosics which has reachedadvanced stages as a sustainable functional material is challenged by its preparation procedures. These procedures can notbest be described as sustainable and eco-friendly owning to lots of energy and chemicals spent in the pre-treatment andpurification processes. These processes are intended to aid fractionation into the major components in order to removelignin and hemicellulose for the production of cellulose nanomaterials. This work is thus centred on reviewing theprogress achieved in introducing a new cellulose nanomaterial containing lignin. The preparation processes, propertiesand applications of this new lignin-containing cellulose nanomaterial will be discussed in order to chart a sustainablepreparation route for cellulose nanomaterials.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51901163 and 12104171)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2021XXJS025).
文摘The flexible materials exhibit more favorable properties than most rigid substrates in flexibility,weight saving,mechanical reliability,and excellent environmental toughness.Particularly,flexible graphene film with unique mechanical properties was extensively explored in high frequency devices.Herein,we report the characteristics of structure and magnetic properties at high frequency of Co2FeAl thin film with different thicknesses grown on flexible graphene substrate at room temperature.The exciting finding for the columnar structure of Co2FeAl thin film lays the foundation for excellent high frequency property of Co2FeAl/flexible graphene structure.In-plane magnetic anisotropy field varying with increasing thickness of Co2FeAl thin film can be obtained by measurement of ferromagnetic resonance,which can be ascribed to the enhancement of crystallinity and the increase of grain size.Meanwhile,the resonance frequency which can be achieved by the measurement of vector network analyzer with the microstrip method increases with increasing thickness of Co2FeAl thin film.Moreover,in our case with graphene film,the resonance magnetic field is quite stable though folded for twenty cycles,which demonstrates that good flexibility of graphene film and the stability of high frequency magnetic property of Co2FeAl thin film grown on flexible graphene substrate.These results are promising for the design of microwave devices and wireless communication equipment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51872269)the Science and Technology Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education (B2021091)+2 种基金Hubei Key Laboratory for New Textile Materials and Applications,Wuhan Textile University (FZXCL202107)the Open Project Program of High-Tech Organic Fibers Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,China,Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A1515110283,2021A1515110702)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M702562)。
文摘A series of single-phase and color-tunable phosphors Sr_(2)La_(3)(SiO_(4))_(3)F:0.15Tb^(3+),xSm^(3+)(SLSOF:0.15Tb^(3+),xSm^(3+)) was prepared using solid-state route.The X-ray diffraction(XRD) was used to characterize the phase of the as-prepared samples.The synthesized phosphors have apatite-type structure without other impurities.Sm^(3+) and Tb^(3+) ions substitute La^(3+) into the lattice and form a single-phase solid solution.The elements are evenly distributed in the sample according to the scanning electron microscopy(SEM) results.The crystal structure of the host phosphor was refined by the Rietveld method.The optical properties were studied in detail by investigation of the luminescence and diffuse spectra,fluorescence decay curves and energy transfer efficiency.The phosphor color can be changed from green(0.29,0.48) to yellow/orange and red(0.57,0.42) via adjusting the doping ratio of Sm^(3+).The SLSOF:0.15Tb^(3+),xSm^(3+)phosphors can emit typical multicolor light such as green,yellow,orange and red with gradually increasing Sm^(3+)doping concentration.All results indicate the occurrence of the energy transfer which results in the color-tunable properties of the phosphors.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:42277485,21976141,22272197,22102184,22102136,U22A20392Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,Grant/Award Numbers:2022CFB1001,2021CFA034+1 种基金Department of Education of Hubei Province,Grant/Award Numbers:Q20221701,Q20221704Joint Fund of Yulin University and Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy,Grant/Award Number:YLU-DNL Fund 2022008。
文摘The electrocatalytic synthesis of C-N coupling compounds from CO_(2) and nitrogenous species not only offers an effective avenue to achieve carbon neutral-ity and reduce environmental pollution,but also establishes a route to synthesize valuable chemicals,such as urea,amide,and amine.This innovative approach expands the application range and product categories beyond simple carbona-ceous species in electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction,which is becoming a rapidly advancing field.This review summarizes the research progress in electrocatalytic urea synthesis,using N_(2),NO_(2)^(-),and NO_(3)^(-)as nitrogenous species,and explores emerging trends in the electrosynthesis of amide and amine from CO_(2) and nitro-gen species.Additionally,the future opportunities in this field are highlighted,including electrosynthesis of amino acids and other compounds containing C-N bonds,anodic C-N coupling reactions beyond water oxidation,and the catalytic mechanism of corresponding reactions.This critical review also captures the insights aimed at accelerating the development of electrochemical C-N coupling reactions,confirming the superiority of this electrochemical method over the traditional techniques.
基金support from the Tangshan Talent Funding Project(Grant No.A202202007)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22102136 and 21703065)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grant Nos.B2018209267 and E2022209039)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2022CFB1001)Department of Education of Hubei Province(Grant No.Q20221701).
文摘Electrochemical C-C and C-N coupling reactions with the conversion of abundant and inexpensive small molecules,such as CO_(2) and nitrogencontaining species,are considered a promising route for increasing the value of CO_(2) reduction products.The development of high-performance catalysts is the key to the both electrocatalytic reactions.In this review,we present a systematic summary of the reaction systems for electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction,along with the coupling mechanisms of C-C and C-N bonds over outstanding electrocatalytic materials recently developed.The key intermediate species and reaction pathways related to the coupling as well as the catalyst-structure relationship will be also discussed,aiming to provide insights and guidance for designing efficient CO_(2) reduction systems.
文摘Interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers(CF)and polyetherketoneketone(PEKK)is a key factor that affects the mechanical performances of their composites.It is therefore of great importance to impregnate the CF bundles with PEKK as effi-ciently as possible.We report that PEKK with a good dispersion in a mixed solution of 4-chlorophenol and 1,2-dichloroethane can be introduced onto CF surfaces by solution impregnation and curing at 280,320,340 and 360℃.The excellent wettability or infiltra-tion of the PEKK solution guarantees a full covering and its tight binding to CFs,making it possible to evaluate the interfacial shear strength(IFSS)with the microdroplet method.The interior of the CF bundles is completely and uniformly filled with PEKK by solu-tion impregnation,leading to a high interlaminar shear strength(ILSS).The maximum IFSS and ILSS reached 107.8 and 99.3 MPa,respectively.Such superior shear properties are ascribed to the formation of amorphous PEKK in the small spaces between CFs.
文摘Pomegranate rind is abundantly available as a waste material. Pomegranate Rind Extract (PRE) can be applied to cotton fabrics for its natural colours, as a mordanting agent and also for imparting certain functional properties such as fire retardancy and antimicrobial properties. This paper reviews the feasibility of Pomegranate Rind Extract to improve the functional properties of cellulosic fabrics. Studies show that varying concentrations and higher temperatures that were used to apply the extract on the fabric, resulted in enhanced functional properties. At a particular concentration, the treated fabric showed a 15 times lower burning rate in comparison with the control fabric. Also, antimicrobial efficacy has been observed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Due to the natural colouring material, it can be used as a natural dye on cotton material. The fire retardancy of pomegranate rind extract was tested on jute material under varying alkalinity. Research has indicated that pomegranate rind extract could be used to dye polyamide as well. The rubbing and wash fastness of the finished fabrics is good. The light fastness was fair, and its antibacterial efficiency against tested bacteria was good.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFE0111100)Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(KY202201002)+3 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology(BZ2022017)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(21015800600)We would like to thank the China National Textile and Apparel Council(J202002)Jiangsu Advanced Textile Engineering Technology Center(XJFZ/2021/7),projects with number 2021-fx010104 for their support.
文摘Wearable tensile strain sensors have attracted substantial research interest due to their great potential in applications for the real-time detection of human motion and health through the construction of body-sensing networks.Conventional devices,however,are constantly demonstrated in non-real world scenarios,where changes in body temperature and humidity are ignored,which results in questionable sensing accuracy and reliability in practical applications.In this work,a fabric-like strain sensor is developed by fabricating graphene-modified Calotropis gigantea yarn and elastic yarn(i.e.Spandex)into an independently crossed structure,enabling the sensor with tunable sensitivity by directly altering the sensor width.The sensor possesses excellent breathability,allowing water vapor generated by body skin to be discharged into the environment(the water evaporation rate is approximately 2.03 kg m^(-2) h^(-1))and creating a pleasing microenvironment between the sensor and the skin by avoiding the hindering of perspiration release.More importantly,the sensor is shown to have a sensing stability towards changes in temperature and humidity,implementing sensing reliability against complex and changeable wearable microclimate.By wearing the sensor at various locations of the human body,a full-range body area sensing network for monitoring various body movements and vital signs,such as speaking,coughing,breathing and walking,is successfully dem-onstrated.It provides a new route for achieving wearing-comfortable,high-performance and sensing-reliable strain sensors.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52100060)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(No.2020CFB383)for the financial support。
文摘As persulfate(S_(2)O_(8)^(2-))is being increasingly used as an alternative oxidizing agent,developing lowcost and eco-friendly catalysts for efficient S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)activation is potentially useful for the treatment of wastewater containing refractory organic pollutant.In this study,the degradative features and mechanisms of carbamazepine(CBZ)were systematically investigated in a novel FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process under near-neutral conditions.The results exhibited that CBZ can be effectively eliminated by the FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process and the optimal conditions were:250 mg/L FeS,0.5 mmol/L S_(2)O_(8)^(2-),and pH=6.0.The existence of Cl^(−)(1 and 50 mmol/L)has little influence on the CBZ elimination,while both HCO_(3)^(−) and HPO_(4)^(2−)(1 and 50 mmol/L)significantly suppressed the CBZ removal in the FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process.CBZ could be degraded via a radical mechanism in the FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process,the working radical species(i.e.,SO_(4)•−and•OH)were efficiently formed via the promoted decomposition of S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)by the surface Fe2+on the FeS and the dissolved ferrous ions in solution.Based on the identified oxidized products and Fukui index calculations,a possible degradation pathway of CBZ was speculated.More importantly,a two-stage oxidation mechanism of CBZ elimination was speculated in the FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process,the activation of S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)by the surface-active Fe(II)of FeS dominated in the initial 5 min,while homogeneous oxidation reactions played more essential parts than others in the following reaction stage(5–60 min).Overall,this study demonstrated that the FeS-S_(2)O_(8)^(2-)process is capable of removing CBZ from water efficiently.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52172249,51976215,and 51973034)Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(YJKYYQ20200017)+3 种基金Chinese Academy of Sciences Talents Program(E2290701)Funding of Innovation Academy for Light-duty Gas Turbine,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CXYJJ21-ZD-02)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232020G-01 and 19D110106)Special Fund Project of Carbon Peaking Carbon Neutrality Science and Technology Innovation of Jiangsu Province(BE2022011).
文摘With the development and prosperity of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,wearable electronics have brought fresh changes to our lives.The demands for low power consumption and mini-type wearable power systems for wearable electronics are more urgent than ever.Thermoelectric materials can efficiently convert the temperature difference between body and environment into electrical energy without the need for mechanical components,making them one of the ideal candidates for wearable power systems.In recent years,a variety of high-performance thermoelectric materials and processes for the preparation of large-scale single-fiber devices have emerged,driving the application of flexible fiber-based thermoelectric generators.By weaving thermoelectric fibers into a textile that conforms to human skin,it can achieve stable operation for long periods even when the human body is in motion.In this review,the complete process from thermoelectric materials to single-fiber/yarn devices to thermoelectric textiles is introduced comprehensively.Strategies for enhancing thermoelectric performance,processing techniques for fiber devices,and the wide applications of thermoelectric textiles are summarized.In addition,the challenges of ductile thermoelectric materials,system integration,and specifications are discussed,and the relevant developments in this field are prospected.
基金financially supported by The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1600800)the Start-up Funding of the Huazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)+2 种基金the Program for HUST Academic Frontier Youth Teamthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075092)the National 1000 Young Talents Program of China and The Innovation and Talent Recruitment Base of New Energy Chemistry and Device(B21003)。
文摘Cu-based electrocatalysts with favorable facets and Cu^(+)can boost CO_(2) reduction to valuable multicarbon products.However,the inevitable Cu^(+)reduction and the phase evolution usually result in poor performance.Herein,we fabricate CuI nanodots with favorable(220)facets and a stable Cu^(+)state,accomplished by operando reconstruction of Cu(OH)_(2) under CO_(2)-and I--containing electrolytes for enhanced CO_(2)-to-C_(2)H_(4) conversion.Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS),in-situ Raman spectroscopy and thermodynamic potential analysis reveal the preferred formation of CuI.Vacuum gas electroresponse and density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that CO_(2)-related species induce the exposure of the(220)plane of Cu I.Moreover,the small size of nanodots enables the adequate contact with I^(-),which guarantees the rapid formation of Cu I instead of the electroreduction to Cu^(0).As a result,the resulting catalysts exhibit a high C2H4 Faradaic efficiency of 72.4%at a large current density of 800 m A cm^(-2) and robust stability for 12 h in a flow cell.Combined in-situ ATR-SEIRS spectroscopic characterizations and DFT calculations indicate that the(220)facets and stable Cu^(+) in CuI nanodots synergistically facilitate CO_(2)/*CO adsorption and*CO dimerization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92167201,52188102,62133003,61991403,61991404,and 61991400)Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute(JITRI).
文摘Traditional machine learning relies on a centralized data pipeline for model training in various applications;however,data are inherently fragmented.Such a decentralized nature of databases presents the serious challenge for collaboration:sending all decentralized datasets to a central server raises serious privacy concerns.Although there has been a joint effort in tackling such a critical issue by proposing privacy-preserving machine learning frameworks,such as federated learning,most state-of-the-art frameworks are built still in a centralized way,in which a central client is needed for collecting and distributing model information(instead of data itself)from every other client,leading to high communication burden and high vulnerability when there exists a failure at or an attack on the central client.Here we propose a principled decentralized federated learning algorithm(DeceFL),which does not require a central client and relies only on local information transmission between clients and their neighbors,representing a fully decentralized learning framework.It has been further proven that every client reaches the global minimum with zero performance gap and achieves the same convergence rate O(1=T)(where T is the number of iterations in gradient descent)as centralized federated learning when the loss function is smooth and strongly convex.Finally,the proposed algorithm has been applied to a number of applications to illustrate its effectiveness for both convex and nonconvex loss functions,time-invariant and time-varying topologies,as well as IID and Non-IID of datasets,demonstrating its applicability to a wide range of real-world medical and industrial applications.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LQ19E030017)the Research Start-up Fund(Grant No.KYS205619042)the Technological Research Project for Public Welfare of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.LGG19E030005).
文摘Lignocellulose has the potential to become a bio-based adsorbent due to its biodegradability and renewability.In this study,a novel polydopamine functionalized-lignin(lignin@PDA),prepared via self-polymerization of dopamine(PDA)on lignin,was used as a bio-based adsorbent for rapid scavenging of hexavalent chromium(Cr(VI)).The morphology,functional groups,crystalline structure,and chemical composition of lignin@PDA were characterized with a scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The Cr(VI)adsorption process of lignin@PDA was studied using batch experiments as a function of pH,ionic strength,adsorbent dose,and contact time at room temperature.The adsorption rate of lignin@PDA was five times greater than that of the unmodified lignin,with a maximum adsorption capacity of 102.6 mg/g in an acidic medium.The adsorption of Cr(VI)on lignin@PDA fit the pseudo-secondorder equation and the Freundlich model,indicating that the adsorption process was mainly dominated by chemisorption and surface complexation.The thermodynamic parameters showed that adsorption of Cr(VI)on lignin@PDA was an endothermic and spontaneous process.The X-ray absorption fine structure results showed that sorption and reduction of Cr(VI)into Cr(II)occurred simultaneously on lignin.Moreover,PDA coating not only improved the reactivity of lignin but also promoted the complete reduction of Cr(VI)by lignin.According to these results,polydopamine functionalized-lignin is a promising bio-based adsorbent for immobilization of Cr(VI)from wastewater.
