Background:Professional health organizations are not currently recommending Tai Ji Quan alongside aerobic exercise to treat hypertension.We aimed to examine the efficacy of Tai Ji Quan as antihypertensive lifestyle th...Background:Professional health organizations are not currently recommending Tai Ji Quan alongside aerobic exercise to treat hypertension.We aimed to examine the efficacy of Tai Ji Quan as antihypertensive lifestyle therapy.Methods:Tai Ji Quan interventions published in English and Chinese were included when they involved healthy adults,reported pre-and postintervention blood pressure(BP),and had a non-exercise/non-diet control group.We systematically searched 11 electronic databases for studies published through July 31,2018,yielding 31 qualifying controlled trials.We(1)evaluated the risk of bias and methodological study quality,(2)performed meta-regression analyses following random-effects assumptions,and(3)generated additive models representing the largest possible clinically relevant BP reductions.Results:Participants(n=3223)were middle-aged(56.6±15.1 years of age,mean±SD)adults with prehypertension(systolic BP(SBP)=136.9±15.2 mmHg,diastolic BP(DBP)=83.4±8.7 mmHg).Tai Ji Quan was practiced 4.0±1.4 sessions/week for 54.0§10.6 min/session for 22.3±20.2 weeks.Overall,Tai Ji Quan elicited significant reductions in SBP(-11.3 mmHg,95%CI:-14.6 to-8.0;d+=-0.75)and DBP(-4.8 mmHg,95%CI:-6.4 to-3.1;d+=-0.53)vs.control(p<0.001).Controlling for publication bias among samples with hypertension,Tai Ji Quan trials published in English elicited SBP reductions of 10.4 mmHg and DBP reductions of 4.0 mmHg,which was half the magnitude of trials published in Chinese(SBP reductions of 18.6 mmHg and DBP reductions of 8.8 mmHg).Conclusion:Our results indicate that Tai Ji Quan is a viable antihypertensive lifestyle therapy that produces clinically meaningful BP reductions(i.e.,10.4 mmHg and 4.0 mmHg of SBP and DBP reductions,respectively)among individuals with hypertension.Such magnitude of BP reductions can lower the incidence of cardiovascular disease by up to 40%.展开更多
In total,9,552 documents were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection and subjected to knowledge mapping and visualization analysis for the field of phytoremediation of HM-contaminated soil(PHMCS)with CiteSp...In total,9,552 documents were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection and subjected to knowledge mapping and visualization analysis for the field of phytoremediation of HM-contaminated soil(PHMCS)with CiteSpace 5.7 R3 software.The results showed that(1)the number of publications increased linearly over the studied period.The top 10 countries/regions,institutions and authors contributing to this field were exhibited.(2)Keyword co-occurrence cluster analysis revealed a total of 8 clusters,including“Bioremediation,”“Arsenic,”“Biochar,”“Oxidative stress,”“Hyperaccumulation,”“EDTA,”“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,”and“Environmental pollution”clusters(3)In total,334 keyword bursts were obtained,and the 25 strongest,longest duration,and newest keyboard bursts were analyzed in depth.The strongest keyword burst test showed that the hottest keywords could be divided into 7 groups,i.e.,“Plant bioremediation materials,”“HM types,”“Chelating amendments,”“Other improved strategies,”“Bioremediation characteristics,”“Risk assessment,”and“Other.”Almost half of the newest topics had emerged in the past 3 years,including“biochar,”“drought,”“health risk assessment,”“electrokinetic remediation,”“nanoparticle,”and“intercropping.”(4)In total,9 knowledge base clusters were obtained in this study.The studies of Ali et al.(2013),Blaylock et al.(1997),Huang et al.(1997),van der Ent et al.(2013),Salt et al.(1995),and Salt(1998),which had both high frequencies and the strongest burst scores,have had the most profound effects on PHMCS research.Finally,future research directions were proposed.展开更多
As a part of acupuncture system, acupuncture anesthesia can promote the development of acupuncture theory. Muscle region is also a part of acupuncture system and plays a guiding role in clinical application of acupunc...As a part of acupuncture system, acupuncture anesthesia can promote the development of acupuncture theory. Muscle region is also a part of acupuncture system and plays a guiding role in clinical application of acupuncture anesthesia. The correlation between the distribution of muscle regions and nerves acts as the substantial foundation of the guiding role. At the same time, acupuncture anesthesia has been promoting the continuous development of muscle region theory. The cyclic development relation between the two （practice-theory-practice） is consistent with the dialectical development view.展开更多
Interdisciplinary research is considered a source of innovativeness and creativity, serving as a key mechanism for creating recombination necessary for the evolution of science systems. The aim of this study is to qua...Interdisciplinary research is considered a source of innovativeness and creativity, serving as a key mechanism for creating recombination necessary for the evolution of science systems. The aim of this study is to quantitatively establish the connection between interdisciplinary research and the research fronts that have recently emerged in civil engineering. The degree of interdisciplinarity of the research fronts was measured by developing metrics from bibliographic analyses. As indicated by the consistent increase in the metrics of interdisciplinarity over time, research fronts tend to emerge in studies with increasing diversity in the disciplines involved. The active disciplines involved in the fronts vary over time. The most active disciplines are no longer fundamental but those associated with energy, environment, and sustainable development, focusing on solutions to climate change and integrating intelligence technologies.展开更多
Contingent self-esteem captures the fragile nature of self-esteem and is often regarded as suboptimal to psychological functioning.Self-compassion is another important self-related concept assumed to promote mental he...Contingent self-esteem captures the fragile nature of self-esteem and is often regarded as suboptimal to psychological functioning.Self-compassion is another important self-related concept assumed to promote mental health and well-being.However,research on the relation of self-compassion to contingent self-esteem is lacking.Two studies were conducted to explore the role of selfcompassion,either as a personal characteristic or an induced mindset,in influencing the effects of contingent self-esteem on well-being.Study 1 recruited 256 Chinese college students(30.4%male,mean age=21.72 years)who filled out measures of contingent self-esteem,self-compassion,and well-being.The results found that self-compassion moderated the effect of contingent self-esteem on well-being.In Study 2,a sample of 90 Chinese college students(34%male,mean age=18.39 years)were randomly assigned to either a control or self-compassion group.They completed baseline trait measures of contingent self-esteem,self-compassion,and self-esteem.Then,they were led to have a 12-min break(control group)or listen to a 12-min self-compassion audio(self-compassion group),followed by a social stress task and outcome measures.The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the brief self-compassion training and its moderating role in influencing the effects of contingent self-esteem on negative affects after the social stress task.This research provides implications that to equip with a self-compassionate mindset could lower the risk of the impairment of well-being associated with elements of contingent selfesteem,which involves a fragile sense of self-worth.It may also provide insights into the development of an“optimal selfesteem”and the improvement of well-being.展开更多
1.INTRODUCTION Metadata,as a type of data,describes content,provides context,documents transactions,and situates data.Interest in metadata has steadily grown over the last several decades,motivated initially by the in...1.INTRODUCTION Metadata,as a type of data,describes content,provides context,documents transactions,and situates data.Interest in metadata has steadily grown over the last several decades,motivated initially by the increase in digital information,open access,early data sharing policies,and interoperability goals.This foundation has accelerated in more recent times,due to the increase in research data management policies and advances in Al.Specific to research data management,one of the larger factors has been the global adoption of the FAIR(findable,accessible,interoperable,and reusable)data principles[1,2],which are highly metadatadriven.Additionally,researchers across nearly every domain are interested in leveraging metadata for machine learning and other Al applications.展开更多
The neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii)in the Northwest Pacific Ocean is one economically important cephalopod,largely exploited by squid jigging fleets from Chinese Mainland,Japan,and Chinese Taibei.In this stu...The neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii)in the Northwest Pacific Ocean is one economically important cephalopod,largely exploited by squid jigging fleets from Chinese Mainland,Japan,and Chinese Taibei.In this study,a Bayesian Bio-economic model was developed using fishery data from Chinese Mainland,Japan,and Chinese Taibei,and relevant fishery economic data from Chinese Mainland.The stock assessment and risk analysis of alternative management strategies for O.bartramii were carried out.Three prior distributions(i.e.,uniform,normal and logarithmic normal)for model parameters were assumed in different scenarios.The results showed that the estimated model parameters and reference points such as maximum sustainable yield(MSY),maximum economic yield(MEY),bio-economic balance point(BE)and fishing mortality were similar in the scenarios of normal and logarithmic normal prior assumptions.However,the estimates were larger in the scenario of uniform prior assumption.The fishing mortalities and annual catches from 1996 to 2008 were lower than the reference points F_(0.1) and MSY in all the three scenarios,indicating that O.bartramii stock is at sustainable exploited level.The results of decision analysis indicated that under the same harvest rate,the catch and biomass in 2023 from the uniform assumption were the highest.However,the highest probability of the collapse was found for squid resources after 2023.Our findings suggested that the harvest rate of 0.4 appeared to be the best management regulation under the uniform assumption,and the MSY would be 200 thousand tons.In addition,the harvest rate of 0.5 would be the best management regulation under the other two assumptions,and the MSY would be 180 thousand tons,which balanced the desire for high yields and the healthy population.The results of this study could be used to provide management suggestions for neon flying squid in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.展开更多
Quantified risk assessment(QRA) needs mathematicization of risk theory.However,attention has been paid almost exclusively to applications of assessment methods,which has led to neglect of research into fundamental the...Quantified risk assessment(QRA) needs mathematicization of risk theory.However,attention has been paid almost exclusively to applications of assessment methods,which has led to neglect of research into fundamental theories,such as the relationships among risk,safety,danger,and so on.In order to solve this problem,as a first step,fundamental theoretical relationships about risk and risk management were analyzed for this paper in the light of mathematics,and then illustrated with some charts.Second,man-machine-environment-management(MMEM) theory was introduced into risk theory to analyze some properties of risk.On the basis of this,a three-dimensional model of risk management was established that includes:a goal dimension;a management dimension;an operation dimension.This goal management operation(GMO) model was explained and then emphasis was laid on the discussion of the risk flowchart(operation dimension),which lays the groundwork for further study of risk management and qualitative and quantitative assessment.Next,the relationship between Formal Safety Assessment(FSA) and Risk Management was researched.This revealed that the FSA method,which the international maritime organization(IMO) is actively spreading,comes from Risk Management theory.Finally,conclusion were made about how to apply this risk management method to concrete fields efficiently and conveniently,as well as areas where further research is required.展开更多
As an important zeolite material,MFI zeolites,as well as their controllable synthesis,are of great interest in both basic and applied science.Among the developed synthetic approaches,the seed-induced method has gradua...As an important zeolite material,MFI zeolites,as well as their controllable synthesis,are of great interest in both basic and applied science.Among the developed synthetic approaches,the seed-induced method has gradually evolved into a facile,low-cost,and even green alternative to give zeolites the desirable physicochemical properties.In this review,we briefly summarize the development of seed-induced syntheses of diverse functional MFI zeolites,where the“living”seed crystals not only direct the formation of zeolitic framework but also function as special“templates”or“units”to fine-tune the zeolite materials with diverse sizes,shapes,compositions,morphologies and pore structures.Moreover,on the basis of their structural features and crystallization behaviors in seed-induced synthesis,we reveal the roles of seeds and discuss the related crystallization mechanisms including both classical and non-classical pathways.We also want to guide readers to investigate the structure-performance relationships between these functional MFI zeolite catalysts and suitable catalytic reactions.展开更多
Metadata is data about data,which is generated mainly for resources organization and description,facilitating finding,identifying,selecting and obtaining information.With the advancement of technologies,the acquisitio...Metadata is data about data,which is generated mainly for resources organization and description,facilitating finding,identifying,selecting and obtaining information.With the advancement of technologies,the acquisition of metadata has gradually become a critical step in data modeling and function operation,which leads to the formation of its methodological commons.A series of general operations has been developed to achieve structured description,semantic encoding and machine-understandable information,including entity definition,relation description,object analysis,attribute extraction,ontology modeling,data cleaning,disambiguation,alignment,mapping,relating,enriching,importing,exporting,service implementation,registry and discovery,monitoring etc.Those operations are not only necessary elements in semantic technologies(including linked data)and knowledge graph technology,but has also developed into the common operation and primary strategy in building independent and knowledge-based information systems.In this paper,a series of metadata-related methods are collectively referred to as'metadata methodological commons',which has a lot of best practices reflected in the various standard specifications of the Semantic Web.In the future construction of a multi-modal metaverse based on Web 3.0,it shall play an important role,for example,in building digital twins through adopting knowledge models,or supporting the modeling of the entire virtual world,etc.Manual-based description and coding obviously cannot adapted to the UGC(User Generated Contents)and AIGC(AI Generated Contents)-based content production in the metaverse era.The automatic processing of semantic formalization must be considered as a sure way to adapt metadata methodological commons to meet the future needs of Al era.展开更多
1 Introduction and main controbutionCommunity Detection is an important approach in complex networks to understand and analysis large network character.We can find most correlated sub-communities to simplify global st...1 Introduction and main controbutionCommunity Detection is an important approach in complex networks to understand and analysis large network character.We can find most correlated sub-communities to simplify global structure to understand the network topology with community detection,and learn how the network works.展开更多
With the development of open access,more scientific papers show the multi-dimensional academic impact,which makes researchers focus on the comparison between altmetrics and citations.By the use of statistical analysis...With the development of open access,more scientific papers show the multi-dimensional academic impact,which makes researchers focus on the comparison between altmetrics and citations.By the use of statistical analysis,we compare the citation and altmetrics of open access papers published in PLoS in past 10 years by 6 countries which are selected in terms of regional distribation,scientific level,native language,etc.,and find the following conclusions:Firstly,the level of scientific development and publication content in different countries have more effect on the 4 indicators of"citation","save","view"and"share"than the native language.Second,there is a significantly positive correlation between"citation"and"save"in the 6 countries,so as the"citation"and"view",while the altmetrics of"share"is just opposite.Therefore,to some extent,the altmetrics of"view"and"save"could be used to evaluate the scientific influence as a complement measurement of traditional citation metrics.Moreover,correlation coefficients between citations and part of altmetrics of the 6 countries are strong.Finally,the curve peaks of the 6 countries occurred in different years,papers published by developed countries have been active for slightly longer than that by developing countries.In detail,the"citation","save"and"view"peaks occurred later in developing countries such as China and Brazil than in some developed countries.Besides,the"share"peak occurred after 6 or 7 years,which is similar for the 6 countries.展开更多
“Chinese Studies in the West:The Chinese Record”is a book series consisting of works written by Westerners who went to China from the 18th to the early 20th century,each of which contains a Chinese introduction and ...“Chinese Studies in the West:The Chinese Record”is a book series consisting of works written by Westerners who went to China from the 18th to the early 20th century,each of which contains a Chinese introduction and translations of the book's core information followed by the reprint of the original text for scholars to study and research.From 2009 to 2021,13 volumes have been published,with a total of 130 titles.This article will discuss the different types of Westerners in the Series,the activities they engaged in while they were in China or related to China,the books they wrote and their opinions towards China and its people.It will also explore the Series'social impact and its value to the study of Sino-Western culture exchanges.展开更多
In this work,novel antibacterial cellulose diacetate/poly(ethylenimine)/hyaluronic acid(CDA/PEI/HA)composite three-dimension(3D)scaffolds were prepared through electrospinning and post-processing.Firstly,CDA/PEI 2D co...In this work,novel antibacterial cellulose diacetate/poly(ethylenimine)/hyaluronic acid(CDA/PEI/HA)composite three-dimension(3D)scaffolds were prepared through electrospinning and post-processing.Firstly,CDA/PEI 2D composite nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning,and then the CDA/PEI/HA 3D composite scaffolds were fabricated by post-processing and freeze-drying of CDA/PEI membranes.In particular,HA was added to improve the biocompatibility of composite scaffolds.Compared with CDA/PEI scaffolds,CDA/PEI/HA composite scaffolds showed higher water absorbing rate,higher water retention rate and higher mechanical strength.Moreover,CDA/PEI/HA composite scaffolds with abundant positive charge were benefit for improving antibacterial activity.CDA/PEI/HA scaffolds with biology function of HA were benefit for improving hemocompatibility and cell proliferation of CDA/PEI scaffolds.In summary,antibacterial CDA/PEI/HA scaffolds could protect wound from bacterial infection,improve cellular behavior and accelerate wound healing.Thus,CDA/PEI/HA scaffolds could be potential application for wound dressing.展开更多
The paper analyzes the environments confronted with academic libraries and the evolving characteristics of Shanghai Jiao Tong University that give shape to the conception and implementation of an IC2Culture Exploring ...The paper analyzes the environments confronted with academic libraries and the evolving characteristics of Shanghai Jiao Tong University that give shape to the conception and implementation of an IC2Culture Exploring Project. This innovative model of SJTU Library operation is not only in concert with the strategic goals of SJTU but also with two other conspicuous developmental trends in the larger academic library circle;namely, 1) a trend toward the deepening of library service support in academic arena on the one hand and 2) the trend of diversifying library outreach services on the other hand.Based on our first-hand involvement in all phases and aspects of this project and its subsequent review and analysis undertakings, this paper expatiates upon the IC2Culture Exploring Project of SJTU Library in terms of its vision, its specific mission objectives, its program design, its unique characteristics, its launching process, its salient case studies, its initial results and its strategies for a sustainable development in the future.展开更多
Purpose: Fully integrating its e-reserves service into the university's course management system has become the primary design goal of the innovative e-reserves service system at Shanghai Jiao Tong University(SJTU...Purpose: Fully integrating its e-reserves service into the university's course management system has become the primary design goal of the innovative e-reserves service system at Shanghai Jiao Tong University(SJTU) Library.Design/methodology/approach: Through blending library and information service into the teaching and learning process, SJTU Library has effectively combined its reserves service into the user learning environment. The main metadata model and the design of various interfaces of the e-reserves service system are introduced.Findings: E-reserves has been integrated into the course management system. Users can directly access relevant resources when they browse the customized course page. It is more convenient for teachers to add reserves items, and the added items can be made available simultaneously on SJTU Library's resource discovery platform automatically.Research limitations: At present, e-reserves items are mainly books, and more other types of reserves materials are needed to be provided. Some relevant copyright issues should be addressed.Practical implications: Using a series of interface interactions, the e-reserves service has been integrated into the university's course management system. It is convenient for students to access customized e-reserves service during their learning process.Originality/value: We achieved interconnection between the e-reserves and the university's course management system. Information on the e-reserves Web page is automatically updated.SJTU Library provides customized e-reserves service in the course management system.展开更多
The introduction of blockchain to federated learning(FL)is a promising solution to enable anonymous clients to collaboratively learn a shared prediction model using local data while avoiding the risk caused by the cen...The introduction of blockchain to federated learning(FL)is a promising solution to enable anonymous clients to collaboratively learn a shared prediction model using local data while avoiding the risk caused by the central server.However,the current researches only apply a shallow convergence between the two technologies.The aroused problems,such as the unsuitable consensus,the lack of incentive mechanism,and the incompetence of handling vertically partitioned data,make the blockchain-based FL exist in name only.This paper puts forward a novel blockchain-based framework for vertical FL with a specified consensus and incentive.Moreover,a real-world example is demonstrated to prove the practicability of our work.展开更多
Background:Takayasu arteritis-induced renal arteritis (TARA), commonly seen in Takayasu arteritis (TA), has become one of the main causes of poor prognosis and early mortality in patients with TA. TARA progressing int...Background:Takayasu arteritis-induced renal arteritis (TARA), commonly seen in Takayasu arteritis (TA), has become one of the main causes of poor prognosis and early mortality in patients with TA. TARA progressing into Takayasu arteritis-induced renal artery stenosis (TARAS), could lead to severe complications including malignant hypertension, cardiac-cerebral vascular disease, and ischemic nephropathy. Since there existed no guidelines on treatments, this study aimed to review the comprehensive treatments for TARA.Methods:We searched systematically in databases including PubMed, Ovid-Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and SinoMed, from inception to May 2018. Literature selection, data extraction, and statistical analysis were performed.Results:Eighty-two literatures were recruited focusing on medical treatments ( n = 34) and surgical treatments ( n = 48). We found that combined medical treatments of glucocorticoids and conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs could reach high rates of remission in patients with TARA, and biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs were preferred for refractory patients. After remission induction, surgical treatment could help reconstruct renal artery and recover renal function partly. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was the first choice for patients with TARAS, while open surgery showed a good longterm survival. Conclusions:Patients with TARA should benefit both from medical treatments and from surgical treatments comprehensively and sequentially. Multidisciplinary team coordination is recommended especially in patients with severe complications.展开更多
This research is designed to investigate the relationship between the 24-h movement guidelines(24-HMG)and self-reported academic achievement(AA)using nationally representative data derived from the 2019 U.S.National Y...This research is designed to investigate the relationship between the 24-h movement guidelines(24-HMG)and self-reported academic achievement(AA)using nationally representative data derived from the 2019 U.S.National Youth Risk Behaviour Survey.A multiple-stage cluster sampling procedure has been adopted to ensure a representative sample(N=9127 adolescents;mean age=15.7 years old;male%=49.8%).Logistic regression has been adopted to obtain the odds ratio(OR)regarding the associations between adherence to 24-HMG and AA while controlling for ethnicity,body mass index,sex and age.The prevalence of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines in isolation and combination varied greatly(physical activity=23.3%,screen time=32.5%,sleep=22.3%,and 24-HMG=2.8%),while the percentage of highest-class AA was 42.5%.Compared with the situation when none of 24-HMG is met,the achievement of any of the combined guidelines(except for meeting the physical activity guidelines)was significantly associated with higher odds of achieving first-class AA.Meeting the sleep guideline had 1.42 times increased likelihood to achieve highest-class AA as compared with not meeting the sleep guideline.Meeting screen time guidelines and physical activity guidelines,respectively,were 1.32 and 1.13 times more likely to report first-class AA;but meeting the guidelines of physical activity was not significantly related to AA.Meeting the 24-HMG had the highest odds of achieving first-class AA(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.47-2.73).In both sexes,adolescents who met 24-HMG self-reported better AA(boys OR=2.05,95%CI:1.34-3.15;girls OR=2.26,95%CI:1.36-3.76).Significant relationships were observed in adolescents from 9-10th grade,but not higher grades.Our research findings suggest that optimal movement behaviours can be seen as an important element to better academic achievement among U.S.adolescents.Future studies can adopt our discoveries to promote adolescents’academic achievement through implementing optimal 24-h movement behaviour patterns.展开更多
The kinetics for production of ethyl levulinate from glucose in ethanol medium was investigated. The experiments were performed in various temperatures （433-473 K） and initial glucose concentrations （0.056-0.168 mo...The kinetics for production of ethyl levulinate from glucose in ethanol medium was investigated. The experiments were performed in various temperatures （433-473 K） and initial glucose concentrations （0.056-0.168 mol·L-1） with extremely low sulfuric acid as the catalyst. The results show that higher temperature can improve the conversion of glucose to ethyl levulinate, with higher yield of ethyl levulinate （44.79%, by mole） obtained at 473 K for 210 min. The kinetics follows a simplified first-order kinetic model. For the main and side reactions, the values of activation energy are 122.64 and 70.97 kJ·mo1-1, and the reaction orders are 0.985 and 0.998, respectively.展开更多
基金the National Institutes of Health(NIH)Science of Behavior Change Common Fund Program through an award administered by the National Institute on Ageing(5U24AG052175)the University of Connecticut Center for Excellence in Teaching and Learning(KFS 4612560).
文摘Background:Professional health organizations are not currently recommending Tai Ji Quan alongside aerobic exercise to treat hypertension.We aimed to examine the efficacy of Tai Ji Quan as antihypertensive lifestyle therapy.Methods:Tai Ji Quan interventions published in English and Chinese were included when they involved healthy adults,reported pre-and postintervention blood pressure(BP),and had a non-exercise/non-diet control group.We systematically searched 11 electronic databases for studies published through July 31,2018,yielding 31 qualifying controlled trials.We(1)evaluated the risk of bias and methodological study quality,(2)performed meta-regression analyses following random-effects assumptions,and(3)generated additive models representing the largest possible clinically relevant BP reductions.Results:Participants(n=3223)were middle-aged(56.6±15.1 years of age,mean±SD)adults with prehypertension(systolic BP(SBP)=136.9±15.2 mmHg,diastolic BP(DBP)=83.4±8.7 mmHg).Tai Ji Quan was practiced 4.0±1.4 sessions/week for 54.0§10.6 min/session for 22.3±20.2 weeks.Overall,Tai Ji Quan elicited significant reductions in SBP(-11.3 mmHg,95%CI:-14.6 to-8.0;d+=-0.75)and DBP(-4.8 mmHg,95%CI:-6.4 to-3.1;d+=-0.53)vs.control(p<0.001).Controlling for publication bias among samples with hypertension,Tai Ji Quan trials published in English elicited SBP reductions of 10.4 mmHg and DBP reductions of 4.0 mmHg,which was half the magnitude of trials published in Chinese(SBP reductions of 18.6 mmHg and DBP reductions of 8.8 mmHg).Conclusion:Our results indicate that Tai Ji Quan is a viable antihypertensive lifestyle therapy that produces clinically meaningful BP reductions(i.e.,10.4 mmHg and 4.0 mmHg of SBP and DBP reductions,respectively)among individuals with hypertension.Such magnitude of BP reductions can lower the incidence of cardiovascular disease by up to 40%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41967019)the National Social Science Foundation Project of China(No.16BTQ033).
文摘In total,9,552 documents were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection and subjected to knowledge mapping and visualization analysis for the field of phytoremediation of HM-contaminated soil(PHMCS)with CiteSpace 5.7 R3 software.The results showed that(1)the number of publications increased linearly over the studied period.The top 10 countries/regions,institutions and authors contributing to this field were exhibited.(2)Keyword co-occurrence cluster analysis revealed a total of 8 clusters,including“Bioremediation,”“Arsenic,”“Biochar,”“Oxidative stress,”“Hyperaccumulation,”“EDTA,”“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,”and“Environmental pollution”clusters(3)In total,334 keyword bursts were obtained,and the 25 strongest,longest duration,and newest keyboard bursts were analyzed in depth.The strongest keyword burst test showed that the hottest keywords could be divided into 7 groups,i.e.,“Plant bioremediation materials,”“HM types,”“Chelating amendments,”“Other improved strategies,”“Bioremediation characteristics,”“Risk assessment,”and“Other.”Almost half of the newest topics had emerged in the past 3 years,including“biochar,”“drought,”“health risk assessment,”“electrokinetic remediation,”“nanoparticle,”and“intercropping.”(4)In total,9 knowledge base clusters were obtained in this study.The studies of Ali et al.(2013),Blaylock et al.(1997),Huang et al.(1997),van der Ent et al.(2013),Salt et al.(1995),and Salt(1998),which had both high frequencies and the strongest burst scores,have had the most profound effects on PHMCS research.Finally,future research directions were proposed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30772832)973 Plan Project(2007CB512507)+1 种基金The Key Laboratory of Acupuncture-immune Effects of State Administration of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(S30304)
文摘As a part of acupuncture system, acupuncture anesthesia can promote the development of acupuncture theory. Muscle region is also a part of acupuncture system and plays a guiding role in clinical application of acupuncture anesthesia. The correlation between the distribution of muscle regions and nerves acts as the substantial foundation of the guiding role. At the same time, acupuncture anesthesia has been promoting the continuous development of muscle region theory. The cyclic development relation between the two （practice-theory-practice） is consistent with the dialectical development view.
基金supported by the project“Global Engineering Fronts,”funded by the Chinese Academy of Engineering.
文摘Interdisciplinary research is considered a source of innovativeness and creativity, serving as a key mechanism for creating recombination necessary for the evolution of science systems. The aim of this study is to quantitatively establish the connection between interdisciplinary research and the research fronts that have recently emerged in civil engineering. The degree of interdisciplinarity of the research fronts was measured by developing metrics from bibliographic analyses. As indicated by the consistent increase in the metrics of interdisciplinarity over time, research fronts tend to emerge in studies with increasing diversity in the disciplines involved. The active disciplines involved in the fronts vary over time. The most active disciplines are no longer fundamental but those associated with energy, environment, and sustainable development, focusing on solutions to climate change and integrating intelligence technologies.
基金the Jilin Science and Technology Department 20200201280JC,and Shanghai special fund for ideological and political work in Shanghai University of International Business and Economics.
文摘Contingent self-esteem captures the fragile nature of self-esteem and is often regarded as suboptimal to psychological functioning.Self-compassion is another important self-related concept assumed to promote mental health and well-being.However,research on the relation of self-compassion to contingent self-esteem is lacking.Two studies were conducted to explore the role of selfcompassion,either as a personal characteristic or an induced mindset,in influencing the effects of contingent self-esteem on well-being.Study 1 recruited 256 Chinese college students(30.4%male,mean age=21.72 years)who filled out measures of contingent self-esteem,self-compassion,and well-being.The results found that self-compassion moderated the effect of contingent self-esteem on well-being.In Study 2,a sample of 90 Chinese college students(34%male,mean age=18.39 years)were randomly assigned to either a control or self-compassion group.They completed baseline trait measures of contingent self-esteem,self-compassion,and self-esteem.Then,they were led to have a 12-min break(control group)or listen to a 12-min self-compassion audio(self-compassion group),followed by a social stress task and outcome measures.The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the brief self-compassion training and its moderating role in influencing the effects of contingent self-esteem on negative affects after the social stress task.This research provides implications that to equip with a self-compassionate mindset could lower the risk of the impairment of well-being associated with elements of contingent selfesteem,which involves a fragile sense of self-worth.It may also provide insights into the development of an“optimal selfesteem”and the improvement of well-being.
文摘1.INTRODUCTION Metadata,as a type of data,describes content,provides context,documents transactions,and situates data.Interest in metadata has steadily grown over the last several decades,motivated initially by the increase in digital information,open access,early data sharing policies,and interoperability goals.This foundation has accelerated in more recent times,due to the increase in research data management policies and advances in Al.Specific to research data management,one of the larger factors has been the global adoption of the FAIR(findable,accessible,interoperable,and reusable)data principles[1,2],which are highly metadatadriven.Additionally,researchers across nearly every domain are interested in leveraging metadata for machine learning and other Al applications.
基金This work was funded by Natural Science Foundation of China(41876141)the Funding Scheme for Training Young Teachers in Shanghai Colleges and the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(Fisheries Discipline).
文摘The neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii)in the Northwest Pacific Ocean is one economically important cephalopod,largely exploited by squid jigging fleets from Chinese Mainland,Japan,and Chinese Taibei.In this study,a Bayesian Bio-economic model was developed using fishery data from Chinese Mainland,Japan,and Chinese Taibei,and relevant fishery economic data from Chinese Mainland.The stock assessment and risk analysis of alternative management strategies for O.bartramii were carried out.Three prior distributions(i.e.,uniform,normal and logarithmic normal)for model parameters were assumed in different scenarios.The results showed that the estimated model parameters and reference points such as maximum sustainable yield(MSY),maximum economic yield(MEY),bio-economic balance point(BE)and fishing mortality were similar in the scenarios of normal and logarithmic normal prior assumptions.However,the estimates were larger in the scenario of uniform prior assumption.The fishing mortalities and annual catches from 1996 to 2008 were lower than the reference points F_(0.1) and MSY in all the three scenarios,indicating that O.bartramii stock is at sustainable exploited level.The results of decision analysis indicated that under the same harvest rate,the catch and biomass in 2023 from the uniform assumption were the highest.However,the highest probability of the collapse was found for squid resources after 2023.Our findings suggested that the harvest rate of 0.4 appeared to be the best management regulation under the uniform assumption,and the MSY would be 200 thousand tons.In addition,the harvest rate of 0.5 would be the best management regulation under the other two assumptions,and the MSY would be 180 thousand tons,which balanced the desire for high yields and the healthy population.The results of this study could be used to provide management suggestions for neon flying squid in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.
基金Supported by the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project Foundation under Grant No.T0602Supported by the Shanghai Education Commission Project Foundation under Grant No.05FZ10
文摘Quantified risk assessment(QRA) needs mathematicization of risk theory.However,attention has been paid almost exclusively to applications of assessment methods,which has led to neglect of research into fundamental theories,such as the relationships among risk,safety,danger,and so on.In order to solve this problem,as a first step,fundamental theoretical relationships about risk and risk management were analyzed for this paper in the light of mathematics,and then illustrated with some charts.Second,man-machine-environment-management(MMEM) theory was introduced into risk theory to analyze some properties of risk.On the basis of this,a three-dimensional model of risk management was established that includes:a goal dimension;a management dimension;an operation dimension.This goal management operation(GMO) model was explained and then emphasis was laid on the discussion of the risk flowchart(operation dimension),which lays the groundwork for further study of risk management and qualitative and quantitative assessment.Next,the relationship between Formal Safety Assessment(FSA) and Risk Management was researched.This revealed that the FSA method,which the international maritime organization(IMO) is actively spreading,comes from Risk Management theory.Finally,conclusion were made about how to apply this risk management method to concrete fields efficiently and conveniently,as well as areas where further research is required.
基金the National Major Research and Development Plan(Grant No.2018YFA0209402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21433022,21573046,21473037,U1463206 and 21802023)and Shanghai Sailing Program(No.18YF1401900).
文摘As an important zeolite material,MFI zeolites,as well as their controllable synthesis,are of great interest in both basic and applied science.Among the developed synthetic approaches,the seed-induced method has gradually evolved into a facile,low-cost,and even green alternative to give zeolites the desirable physicochemical properties.In this review,we briefly summarize the development of seed-induced syntheses of diverse functional MFI zeolites,where the“living”seed crystals not only direct the formation of zeolitic framework but also function as special“templates”or“units”to fine-tune the zeolite materials with diverse sizes,shapes,compositions,morphologies and pore structures.Moreover,on the basis of their structural features and crystallization behaviors in seed-induced synthesis,we reveal the roles of seeds and discuss the related crystallization mechanisms including both classical and non-classical pathways.We also want to guide readers to investigate the structure-performance relationships between these functional MFI zeolite catalysts and suitable catalytic reactions.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation(Grant/Award Number:21&ZD334)。
文摘Metadata is data about data,which is generated mainly for resources organization and description,facilitating finding,identifying,selecting and obtaining information.With the advancement of technologies,the acquisition of metadata has gradually become a critical step in data modeling and function operation,which leads to the formation of its methodological commons.A series of general operations has been developed to achieve structured description,semantic encoding and machine-understandable information,including entity definition,relation description,object analysis,attribute extraction,ontology modeling,data cleaning,disambiguation,alignment,mapping,relating,enriching,importing,exporting,service implementation,registry and discovery,monitoring etc.Those operations are not only necessary elements in semantic technologies(including linked data)and knowledge graph technology,but has also developed into the common operation and primary strategy in building independent and knowledge-based information systems.In this paper,a series of metadata-related methods are collectively referred to as'metadata methodological commons',which has a lot of best practices reflected in the various standard specifications of the Semantic Web.In the future construction of a multi-modal metaverse based on Web 3.0,it shall play an important role,for example,in building digital twins through adopting knowledge models,or supporting the modeling of the entire virtual world,etc.Manual-based description and coding obviously cannot adapted to the UGC(User Generated Contents)and AIGC(AI Generated Contents)-based content production in the metaverse era.The automatic processing of semantic formalization must be considered as a sure way to adapt metadata methodological commons to meet the future needs of Al era.
文摘1 Introduction and main controbutionCommunity Detection is an important approach in complex networks to understand and analysis large network character.We can find most correlated sub-communities to simplify global structure to understand the network topology with community detection,and learn how the network works.
文摘With the development of open access,more scientific papers show the multi-dimensional academic impact,which makes researchers focus on the comparison between altmetrics and citations.By the use of statistical analysis,we compare the citation and altmetrics of open access papers published in PLoS in past 10 years by 6 countries which are selected in terms of regional distribation,scientific level,native language,etc.,and find the following conclusions:Firstly,the level of scientific development and publication content in different countries have more effect on the 4 indicators of"citation","save","view"and"share"than the native language.Second,there is a significantly positive correlation between"citation"and"save"in the 6 countries,so as the"citation"and"view",while the altmetrics of"share"is just opposite.Therefore,to some extent,the altmetrics of"view"and"save"could be used to evaluate the scientific influence as a complement measurement of traditional citation metrics.Moreover,correlation coefficients between citations and part of altmetrics of the 6 countries are strong.Finally,the curve peaks of the 6 countries occurred in different years,papers published by developed countries have been active for slightly longer than that by developing countries.In detail,the"citation","save"and"view"peaks occurred later in developing countries such as China and Brazil than in some developed countries.Besides,the"share"peak occurred after 6 or 7 years,which is similar for the 6 countries.
文摘“Chinese Studies in the West:The Chinese Record”is a book series consisting of works written by Westerners who went to China from the 18th to the early 20th century,each of which contains a Chinese introduction and translations of the book's core information followed by the reprint of the original text for scholars to study and research.From 2009 to 2021,13 volumes have been published,with a total of 130 titles.This article will discuss the different types of Westerners in the Series,the activities they engaged in while they were in China or related to China,the books they wrote and their opinions towards China and its people.It will also explore the Series'social impact and its value to the study of Sino-Western culture exchanges.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2016YFC1100703)。
文摘In this work,novel antibacterial cellulose diacetate/poly(ethylenimine)/hyaluronic acid(CDA/PEI/HA)composite three-dimension(3D)scaffolds were prepared through electrospinning and post-processing.Firstly,CDA/PEI 2D composite nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning,and then the CDA/PEI/HA 3D composite scaffolds were fabricated by post-processing and freeze-drying of CDA/PEI membranes.In particular,HA was added to improve the biocompatibility of composite scaffolds.Compared with CDA/PEI scaffolds,CDA/PEI/HA composite scaffolds showed higher water absorbing rate,higher water retention rate and higher mechanical strength.Moreover,CDA/PEI/HA composite scaffolds with abundant positive charge were benefit for improving antibacterial activity.CDA/PEI/HA scaffolds with biology function of HA were benefit for improving hemocompatibility and cell proliferation of CDA/PEI scaffolds.In summary,antibacterial CDA/PEI/HA scaffolds could protect wound from bacterial infection,improve cellular behavior and accelerate wound healing.Thus,CDA/PEI/HA scaffolds could be potential application for wound dressing.
文摘The paper analyzes the environments confronted with academic libraries and the evolving characteristics of Shanghai Jiao Tong University that give shape to the conception and implementation of an IC2Culture Exploring Project. This innovative model of SJTU Library operation is not only in concert with the strategic goals of SJTU but also with two other conspicuous developmental trends in the larger academic library circle;namely, 1) a trend toward the deepening of library service support in academic arena on the one hand and 2) the trend of diversifying library outreach services on the other hand.Based on our first-hand involvement in all phases and aspects of this project and its subsequent review and analysis undertakings, this paper expatiates upon the IC2Culture Exploring Project of SJTU Library in terms of its vision, its specific mission objectives, its program design, its unique characteristics, its launching process, its salient case studies, its initial results and its strategies for a sustainable development in the future.
基金supported by the Scientific and Research Innovation Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission
文摘Purpose: Fully integrating its e-reserves service into the university's course management system has become the primary design goal of the innovative e-reserves service system at Shanghai Jiao Tong University(SJTU) Library.Design/methodology/approach: Through blending library and information service into the teaching and learning process, SJTU Library has effectively combined its reserves service into the user learning environment. The main metadata model and the design of various interfaces of the e-reserves service system are introduced.Findings: E-reserves has been integrated into the course management system. Users can directly access relevant resources when they browse the customized course page. It is more convenient for teachers to add reserves items, and the added items can be made available simultaneously on SJTU Library's resource discovery platform automatically.Research limitations: At present, e-reserves items are mainly books, and more other types of reserves materials are needed to be provided. Some relevant copyright issues should be addressed.Practical implications: Using a series of interface interactions, the e-reserves service has been integrated into the university's course management system. It is convenient for students to access customized e-reserves service during their learning process.Originality/value: We achieved interconnection between the e-reserves and the university's course management system. Information on the e-reserves Web page is automatically updated.SJTU Library provides customized e-reserves service in the course management system.
基金Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2019YFE0190500)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Ministry of Education of China(No.2232021D-22)。
文摘The introduction of blockchain to federated learning(FL)is a promising solution to enable anonymous clients to collaboratively learn a shared prediction model using local data while avoiding the risk caused by the central server.However,the current researches only apply a shallow convergence between the two technologies.The aroused problems,such as the unsuitable consensus,the lack of incentive mechanism,and the incompetence of handling vertically partitioned data,make the blockchain-based FL exist in name only.This paper puts forward a novel blockchain-based framework for vertical FL with a specified consensus and incentive.Moreover,a real-world example is demonstrated to prove the practicability of our work.
基金This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81771730)。
文摘Background:Takayasu arteritis-induced renal arteritis (TARA), commonly seen in Takayasu arteritis (TA), has become one of the main causes of poor prognosis and early mortality in patients with TA. TARA progressing into Takayasu arteritis-induced renal artery stenosis (TARAS), could lead to severe complications including malignant hypertension, cardiac-cerebral vascular disease, and ischemic nephropathy. Since there existed no guidelines on treatments, this study aimed to review the comprehensive treatments for TARA.Methods:We searched systematically in databases including PubMed, Ovid-Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and SinoMed, from inception to May 2018. Literature selection, data extraction, and statistical analysis were performed.Results:Eighty-two literatures were recruited focusing on medical treatments ( n = 34) and surgical treatments ( n = 48). We found that combined medical treatments of glucocorticoids and conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs could reach high rates of remission in patients with TARA, and biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs were preferred for refractory patients. After remission induction, surgical treatment could help reconstruct renal artery and recover renal function partly. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was the first choice for patients with TARAS, while open surgery showed a good longterm survival. Conclusions:Patients with TARA should benefit both from medical treatments and from surgical treatments comprehensively and sequentially. Multidisciplinary team coordination is recommended especially in patients with severe complications.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation(217BTY032)Key Project from the Social Science Foundation of Hunan Province(16ZDB015).
文摘This research is designed to investigate the relationship between the 24-h movement guidelines(24-HMG)and self-reported academic achievement(AA)using nationally representative data derived from the 2019 U.S.National Youth Risk Behaviour Survey.A multiple-stage cluster sampling procedure has been adopted to ensure a representative sample(N=9127 adolescents;mean age=15.7 years old;male%=49.8%).Logistic regression has been adopted to obtain the odds ratio(OR)regarding the associations between adherence to 24-HMG and AA while controlling for ethnicity,body mass index,sex and age.The prevalence of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines in isolation and combination varied greatly(physical activity=23.3%,screen time=32.5%,sleep=22.3%,and 24-HMG=2.8%),while the percentage of highest-class AA was 42.5%.Compared with the situation when none of 24-HMG is met,the achievement of any of the combined guidelines(except for meeting the physical activity guidelines)was significantly associated with higher odds of achieving first-class AA.Meeting the sleep guideline had 1.42 times increased likelihood to achieve highest-class AA as compared with not meeting the sleep guideline.Meeting screen time guidelines and physical activity guidelines,respectively,were 1.32 and 1.13 times more likely to report first-class AA;but meeting the guidelines of physical activity was not significantly related to AA.Meeting the 24-HMG had the highest odds of achieving first-class AA(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.47-2.73).In both sexes,adolescents who met 24-HMG self-reported better AA(boys OR=2.05,95%CI:1.34-3.15;girls OR=2.26,95%CI:1.36-3.76).Significant relationships were observed in adolescents from 9-10th grade,but not higher grades.Our research findings suggest that optimal movement behaviours can be seen as an important element to better academic achievement among U.S.adolescents.Future studies can adopt our discoveries to promote adolescents’academic achievement through implementing optimal 24-h movement behaviour patterns.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21176227)the State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology(2013011)
文摘The kinetics for production of ethyl levulinate from glucose in ethanol medium was investigated. The experiments were performed in various temperatures （433-473 K） and initial glucose concentrations （0.056-0.168 mol·L-1） with extremely low sulfuric acid as the catalyst. The results show that higher temperature can improve the conversion of glucose to ethyl levulinate, with higher yield of ethyl levulinate （44.79%, by mole） obtained at 473 K for 210 min. The kinetics follows a simplified first-order kinetic model. For the main and side reactions, the values of activation energy are 122.64 and 70.97 kJ·mo1-1, and the reaction orders are 0.985 and 0.998, respectively.
