The FAIR principles have been widely cited,endorsed and adopted by a broad range of stakeholders since their publication in 2016.By intention,the 15 FAIR guiding principles do not dictate specific technological implem...The FAIR principles have been widely cited,endorsed and adopted by a broad range of stakeholders since their publication in 2016.By intention,the 15 FAIR guiding principles do not dictate specific technological implementations,but provide guidance for improving Findability,Accessibility,Interoperability and Reusability of digital resources.This has likely contributed to the broad adoption of the FAIR principles,because individual stakeholder communities can implement their own FAIR solutions.However,it has also resulted in inconsistent interpretations that carry the risk of leading to incompatible implementations.Thus,while the FAIR principles are formulated on a high level and may be interpreted and implemented in different ways,for true interoperability we need to support convergence in implementation choices that are widely accessible and(re)-usable.We introduce the concept of FAIR implementation considerations to assist accelerated global participation and convergence towards accessible,robust,widespread and consistent FAIR implementations.Any self-identified stakeholder community may either choose to reuse solutions from existing implementations,or when they spot a gap,accept the challenge to create the needed solution,which,ideally,can be used again by other communities in the future.Here,we provide interpretations and implementation considerations(choices and challenges)for each FAIR principle.展开更多
In order to provide responsible access to health data by reconciling benefits of data sharing with privacy rights and ethical and regulatory requirements,Findable,Accessible,Interoperable and Reusable(FAIR)metadata sh...In order to provide responsible access to health data by reconciling benefits of data sharing with privacy rights and ethical and regulatory requirements,Findable,Accessible,Interoperable and Reusable(FAIR)metadata should be developed.According to the H2020 Program Guidelines on FAIR Data,data should be"as open as possible and as closed as necessary","open"in order to foster the reusability and to accelerate research,but at the same time they should be"closed"to safeguard the privacy of the subjects.Additional provisions on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data have been endorsed by the European General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR),Reg(EU)2016/679,that came into force in May 2018.This work aims to solve accessibility problems related to the protection of personal data in the digital era and to achieve a responsible access to and responsible use of health data.We strongly suggest associating each data set with FAIR metadata describing both the type of data collected and the accessibility conditions by considering data protection obligations and ethical and regulatory requirements.Finally,an existing FAIR infrastructure component has been used as an example to explain how FAIR metadata could facilitate data sharing while ensuring protection of individuals.展开更多
Background Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana(NPY)is a direct benefit transfer scheme of the Government of India introduced in 2018 to support the additional nutritional requirements of persons with TB(PwTB).Our recent nationwide...Background Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana(NPY)is a direct benefit transfer scheme of the Government of India introduced in 2018 to support the additional nutritional requirements of persons with TB(PwTB).Our recent nationwide evaluation of implementation and utilization of NPY using programmatic data of PwTB from nine randomly selected Indian states,reported a 70%coverage and high median delay in benefit credit.We undertook a qualitative study between January and July 2023,to understand the detailed implementation process of NPY and explore the enablers and barriers to effective implementation and utilization of the NPY scheme.Methods We followed a grounded theory approach to inductively develop theoretical explanations for social phenomena through data generated from multiple sources.We conducted 36 in-depth interviews of national,district and field-level staff of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme(NTEP)and NPY beneficiaries from 30 districts across nine states of India,selected using theoretical sampling.An analytical framework developed through inductive coding of a set of six interviews,guided the coding of the subsequent interviews.Categories and themes emerged through constant comparison and the data collection continued until theoretical saturation.Results Stakeholders perceived NPY as a beneficial initiative.Strong political commitment from the state administration,mainstreaming of NTEP work with the district public healthcare delivery system,availability of good geographic and internet connectivity and state-specific grievance redressal mechanisms and innovations were identified as enablers of implementation.However,the complex,multi-level benefit approval process,difficulties in accessing banking services,perceived inadequacy of benefits and overworked human resources in the NTEP were identified as barriers to implementation and utilization.Conclusion The optimal utilization of NPY is enabled by strong political commitment and challenged by its lengthy implementation process and delayed disbursal o展开更多
This study investigated the role of mast cells in canine cutaneous vascular tumors, and is the first such study to distinguish between tumors arising in the dermis versus the subcutis. Mast cell numbers in canine cuta...This study investigated the role of mast cells in canine cutaneous vascular tumors, and is the first such study to distinguish between tumors arising in the dermis versus the subcutis. Mast cell numbers in canine cutaneous hemangiomas (HA) and hemangiosarcomas (HSA) were evaluated to identify a relationship between mast cells, tumor type (HA, HSA), histologic location (dermis, subcutis) and tumor recurrence. One hundred and sixty-seven biopsies from 148 dogs were evaluated. Using only one biopsy from each dog, mast cell counts (MCC) for each tumor (n = 148) were obtained by averaging the number of mast cells counted in ten 400× fields. A significant difference in mean MCC was found only between tumor types, with HA having more mast cells than HSA (4.2 ± 4.2 vs. 2.2 ± 2.6;p < 0.001). No significant difference in mean MCC existed between tumors that recurred and those that did not. There was no difference in recurrence rate between tumor type or histologic location. Our results indicate that benign HA contain more mast cells than malignant endothelial cell tumors, regardless of histologic location;whether this is a cause or effect relationship remains to be determined.展开更多
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) using the clutch cutter (CC) (ESD-CC) for gastric adenoma (GA). METHODSFrom June 2007 to August 2015, 122 consecutive patients with histolo...To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) using the clutch cutter (CC) (ESD-CC) for gastric adenoma (GA). METHODSFrom June 2007 to August 2015, 122 consecutive patients with histological diagnoses of GA from specimens resected by ESD-CC were enrolled in this prospective study. The CC was used for all ESD steps (marking, mucosal incision, submucosal dissection, and hemostatic treatment), and its therapeutic efficacy and safety were assessed. RESULTSBoth the en-bloc resection rate and the R0 resection rate were 100% (122/122). The mean surgical time was 77.4 min, but the time varied significantly according to tumor size and location. No patients suffered perforation. Post-ESD-CC bleeding occurred in six cases (4.9%) that were successfully resolved by endoscopic hemostatic treatment. CONCLUSIONESD-CC is a technically efficient, safe, and easy method for resecting GA.展开更多
A class of distributions called Box-Cox symmetric was proposed for random variables with asymmetric distributions. This class allows through its structure an interpretation of the parameters in terms of quantiles (in ...A class of distributions called Box-Cox symmetric was proposed for random variables with asymmetric distributions. This class allows through its structure an interpretation of the parameters in terms of quantiles (in particular, the median), relative dispersion and skewness. This study presents the initial </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">results of the computational development of basic functions of each of the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> distributions that make up the Box-Cox symmetric class. Four functions have been developed to compose a routine in software R up to now. These functions are related to random numbers generation, probability density function, cumulative distribution function, and quantile function associated to a given probability. Examples of implemented functions were presented. The gamlss routine was used to check the performance of developed functions.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> It is a fact that the elderly population has been increasing all around the world and also in Brazil. This has been a challenge for governments and managers in the developmen...<strong>Introduction:</strong> It is a fact that the elderly population has been increasing all around the world and also in Brazil. This has been a challenge for governments and managers in the development of public policies to promote healthy and quality aging. And one of the conditions for healthy aging is to assess the functional capacity and quality of life of elderly people. <strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of the present study was to evaluate the factors that influence the loss of functional capacity and the worsening of the quality of life of a representative sample of elderly people from a medium-sized city in the inner of S<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ã</span>o Paulo State, Brazil. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Questionnaires about activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), Flanagan quality of life scale (FQOLS), sociodemographic and morbidities aspects were applied to the elderly people. In order to assess associated factors to functional capacity and quality of life, chi-square tests and logistic regression models were fitted including variables: gender, age group, marital status, income, education level, body mass index, abdominal circumference and some morbidities reported by the elderly people. The level of significance adopted for the statistical tests was 5%. <strong>Results:</strong> Elderly with age over 75 years old and not married had more risk to be dependent on ADL, while elderly with more than 75 years old, not married, income below one minimal wage, cardiovascular disease and be diabetic had more risk to be dependent by IADL. Already, people with excess of weight had smallest risk to be dependent by IADL, paradoxically. The elderly not married and with an income below a minimum wage had the worst quality of life. <strong>Conclusions: </strong>Population aging in Brazil is an evident factor, so it is hoped that this study will contribute to the greatest diligence on the issues of the elderly and related social problems.展开更多
基金The work of A.Jacobsen,C.Evelo,M.Thompson,R.Cornet,R.Kaliyaperuma and M.Roos is supported by funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the EJP RD COFUND-EJP N°825575.The work of A.Jacobsen,C.Evelo,C.Goble,M.Thompson,N.Juty,R.Hooft,M.Roos,S-A.Sansone,P.McQuilton,P.Rocca-Serra and D.Batista is supported by funding from ELIXIR EXCELERATE,H2020 grant agreement number 676559.R.Hooft was further funded by NL NWO NRGWI.obrug.2018.009.N.Juty and C.Goble were funded by CORBEL(H2020 grant agreement 654248)N.Juty,C.Goble,S-A.Sansone,P.McQuilton,P.Rocca-Serra and D.Batista were funded by FAIRplus(IMI grant agreement 802750)+12 种基金N.Juty,C.Goble,M.Thompson,M.Roos,S-A.Sansone,P.McQuilton,P.Rocca-Serra and D.Batista were funded by EOSClife H2020-EU(grant agreement number 824087)C.Goble was funded by DMMCore(BBSRC BB/M013189/)M.Thompson,M.Roos received funding from NWO(VWData 400.17.605)S-A.Sansone,P.McQuilton,P.Rocca-Serra and D.Batista have been funded by grants awarded to S-A.Sansone from the UK BBSRC and Research Councils(BB/L024101/1,BB/L005069/1)EU(H2020-EU 634107H2020-EU 654241,IMI(IMPRiND 116060)NIH Data Common Fund,and from the Wellcome Trust(ISA-InterMine 212930/Z/18/ZFAIRsharing 208381/A/17/Z)The work of A.Waagmeester has been funded by grant award number GM089820 from the National Institutes of Health.M.Kersloot was funded by the European Regional Development Fund(KVW-00163).The work of N.Meyers was funded by the National Science Foundation(OAC 1839030)The work of M.D.Wilkinson is funded by Isaac Peral/Marie Curie cofund with the Universidad Politecnica de Madrid and the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad grant number TIN2014-55993-RMThe work of B.Magagna,E.Schultes,L.da Silva Santos and K.Jeffery is funded by the H2020-EU 824068The work of B.Magagna,E.Schultes and L.da Silva Santos is funded by the GO FAIR ISCO grant of the Dutch Ministry of Science and CultureThe work of G.Guizzardi is supported by the OCEAN Project(FUB).M.Courtot received funding from the I
文摘The FAIR principles have been widely cited,endorsed and adopted by a broad range of stakeholders since their publication in 2016.By intention,the 15 FAIR guiding principles do not dictate specific technological implementations,but provide guidance for improving Findability,Accessibility,Interoperability and Reusability of digital resources.This has likely contributed to the broad adoption of the FAIR principles,because individual stakeholder communities can implement their own FAIR solutions.However,it has also resulted in inconsistent interpretations that carry the risk of leading to incompatible implementations.Thus,while the FAIR principles are formulated on a high level and may be interpreted and implemented in different ways,for true interoperability we need to support convergence in implementation choices that are widely accessible and(re)-usable.We introduce the concept of FAIR implementation considerations to assist accelerated global participation and convergence towards accessible,robust,widespread and consistent FAIR implementations.Any self-identified stakeholder community may either choose to reuse solutions from existing implementations,or when they spot a gap,accept the challenge to create the needed solution,which,ideally,can be used again by other communities in the future.Here,we provide interpretations and implementation considerations(choices and challenges)for each FAIR principle.
基金Part of this work is funded by the NWA program(project VWData-400.17.605)by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research(NWO)by the European Joint Program Rare Diseases(grant agreement#825575)and ELIXIR-EXCELERATE(H2020-INFRADEV-1-2015-12).
文摘In order to provide responsible access to health data by reconciling benefits of data sharing with privacy rights and ethical and regulatory requirements,Findable,Accessible,Interoperable and Reusable(FAIR)metadata should be developed.According to the H2020 Program Guidelines on FAIR Data,data should be"as open as possible and as closed as necessary","open"in order to foster the reusability and to accelerate research,but at the same time they should be"closed"to safeguard the privacy of the subjects.Additional provisions on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data have been endorsed by the European General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR),Reg(EU)2016/679,that came into force in May 2018.This work aims to solve accessibility problems related to the protection of personal data in the digital era and to achieve a responsible access to and responsible use of health data.We strongly suggest associating each data set with FAIR metadata describing both the type of data collected and the accessibility conditions by considering data protection obligations and ethical and regulatory requirements.Finally,an existing FAIR infrastructure component has been used as an example to explain how FAIR metadata could facilitate data sharing while ensuring protection of individuals.
基金funded by the United States Agency for International Development(USAID)supported by Tuberculosis Implementation Framework Agreement(TIFA),implemented through John Snow Research&Training Institute Inc(JSI).
文摘Background Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana(NPY)is a direct benefit transfer scheme of the Government of India introduced in 2018 to support the additional nutritional requirements of persons with TB(PwTB).Our recent nationwide evaluation of implementation and utilization of NPY using programmatic data of PwTB from nine randomly selected Indian states,reported a 70%coverage and high median delay in benefit credit.We undertook a qualitative study between January and July 2023,to understand the detailed implementation process of NPY and explore the enablers and barriers to effective implementation and utilization of the NPY scheme.Methods We followed a grounded theory approach to inductively develop theoretical explanations for social phenomena through data generated from multiple sources.We conducted 36 in-depth interviews of national,district and field-level staff of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme(NTEP)and NPY beneficiaries from 30 districts across nine states of India,selected using theoretical sampling.An analytical framework developed through inductive coding of a set of six interviews,guided the coding of the subsequent interviews.Categories and themes emerged through constant comparison and the data collection continued until theoretical saturation.Results Stakeholders perceived NPY as a beneficial initiative.Strong political commitment from the state administration,mainstreaming of NTEP work with the district public healthcare delivery system,availability of good geographic and internet connectivity and state-specific grievance redressal mechanisms and innovations were identified as enablers of implementation.However,the complex,multi-level benefit approval process,difficulties in accessing banking services,perceived inadequacy of benefits and overworked human resources in the NTEP were identified as barriers to implementation and utilization.Conclusion The optimal utilization of NPY is enabled by strong political commitment and challenged by its lengthy implementation process and delayed disbursal o
文摘This study investigated the role of mast cells in canine cutaneous vascular tumors, and is the first such study to distinguish between tumors arising in the dermis versus the subcutis. Mast cell numbers in canine cutaneous hemangiomas (HA) and hemangiosarcomas (HSA) were evaluated to identify a relationship between mast cells, tumor type (HA, HSA), histologic location (dermis, subcutis) and tumor recurrence. One hundred and sixty-seven biopsies from 148 dogs were evaluated. Using only one biopsy from each dog, mast cell counts (MCC) for each tumor (n = 148) were obtained by averaging the number of mast cells counted in ten 400× fields. A significant difference in mean MCC was found only between tumor types, with HA having more mast cells than HSA (4.2 ± 4.2 vs. 2.2 ± 2.6;p < 0.001). No significant difference in mean MCC existed between tumors that recurred and those that did not. There was no difference in recurrence rate between tumor type or histologic location. Our results indicate that benign HA contain more mast cells than malignant endothelial cell tumors, regardless of histologic location;whether this is a cause or effect relationship remains to be determined.
文摘To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) using the clutch cutter (CC) (ESD-CC) for gastric adenoma (GA). METHODSFrom June 2007 to August 2015, 122 consecutive patients with histological diagnoses of GA from specimens resected by ESD-CC were enrolled in this prospective study. The CC was used for all ESD steps (marking, mucosal incision, submucosal dissection, and hemostatic treatment), and its therapeutic efficacy and safety were assessed. RESULTSBoth the en-bloc resection rate and the R0 resection rate were 100% (122/122). The mean surgical time was 77.4 min, but the time varied significantly according to tumor size and location. No patients suffered perforation. Post-ESD-CC bleeding occurred in six cases (4.9%) that were successfully resolved by endoscopic hemostatic treatment. CONCLUSIONESD-CC is a technically efficient, safe, and easy method for resecting GA.
文摘A class of distributions called Box-Cox symmetric was proposed for random variables with asymmetric distributions. This class allows through its structure an interpretation of the parameters in terms of quantiles (in particular, the median), relative dispersion and skewness. This study presents the initial </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">results of the computational development of basic functions of each of the</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> distributions that make up the Box-Cox symmetric class. Four functions have been developed to compose a routine in software R up to now. These functions are related to random numbers generation, probability density function, cumulative distribution function, and quantile function associated to a given probability. Examples of implemented functions were presented. The gamlss routine was used to check the performance of developed functions.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> It is a fact that the elderly population has been increasing all around the world and also in Brazil. This has been a challenge for governments and managers in the development of public policies to promote healthy and quality aging. And one of the conditions for healthy aging is to assess the functional capacity and quality of life of elderly people. <strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of the present study was to evaluate the factors that influence the loss of functional capacity and the worsening of the quality of life of a representative sample of elderly people from a medium-sized city in the inner of S<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ã</span>o Paulo State, Brazil. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Questionnaires about activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), Flanagan quality of life scale (FQOLS), sociodemographic and morbidities aspects were applied to the elderly people. In order to assess associated factors to functional capacity and quality of life, chi-square tests and logistic regression models were fitted including variables: gender, age group, marital status, income, education level, body mass index, abdominal circumference and some morbidities reported by the elderly people. The level of significance adopted for the statistical tests was 5%. <strong>Results:</strong> Elderly with age over 75 years old and not married had more risk to be dependent on ADL, while elderly with more than 75 years old, not married, income below one minimal wage, cardiovascular disease and be diabetic had more risk to be dependent by IADL. Already, people with excess of weight had smallest risk to be dependent by IADL, paradoxically. The elderly not married and with an income below a minimum wage had the worst quality of life. <strong>Conclusions: </strong>Population aging in Brazil is an evident factor, so it is hoped that this study will contribute to the greatest diligence on the issues of the elderly and related social problems.
