The test of Prentice [1] is a non-parametric statistical test for the two-way analysis of variance using ranks. The null distribution of this test typically is approximated using the Chi-square distribution. However, ...The test of Prentice [1] is a non-parametric statistical test for the two-way analysis of variance using ranks. The null distribution of this test typically is approximated using the Chi-square distribution. However, the exact null distribution deviates from the Chi-square approximation in certain cases commonly found in applications of the test, motivating adjustments to the distribution. This manuscript presents adjustments to this null distribution correcting for continuity, multivariate skewness, and multivariate kurtosis. The effects of alternative scoring methods as non-polynomial functions of rank sums are also presented as a broader application of the approximation.展开更多
With urbanization encroaching upon forestlands, characterizing microclimates in secondary forests will be important for the sustainable management of microclimates in agroforestry systems. We used micro-sensors to cha...With urbanization encroaching upon forestlands, characterizing microclimates in secondary forests will be important for the sustainable management of microclimates in agroforestry systems. We used micro-sensors to characterize changes in temperature at different heights in the sub-canopy of both secondary forest and 15-year-old agroforestry plots. Results show that while agroforestry plots had different temperature profiles from the secondary forest, the monoculture plot (consisting of Pentaclethra macroloba) had temperatures similar to the profile found in the secondary forest. This suggests that the replication of temperature profiles in a secondary forest may be independent of the number of tree species in a plot (e.g. polyculture), but may instead depend on the density of a given trees species. These findings further suggest that characterizing temperature microclimates in secondary forests can serve to improve the ecological sustainability of agro-forestry systems.展开更多
The practice of fanxin, literally, ＂turning hearts and minds,＂ was widespread in the Liberated Areas of Northern China during the Land Reform Movement of 194648. This article examines the forms of power relations em...The practice of fanxin, literally, ＂turning hearts and minds,＂ was widespread in the Liberated Areas of Northern China during the Land Reform Movement of 194648. This article examines the forms of power relations emerged during the course of revolutionary education and transformation which were geared towards awakening the peasants＇ ＂self-consciousness of mastership.＂ Taking ku/suffering as the focal point, the article investigates two main types of thought-power, ＂speaking bitterness＂ （suku） and ＂visiting the suffering people＂ （fangku）, both of which were important to the practices of fanxin. Through the investigation of fanxin, this empirical study reveals an important feature of the Chinese revolution： that is, the significance of the mind/heart, thought, or ＂spiritual elements.＂展开更多
This lavish publication presents Lloyd Cotsen’s sizable collection of early textiles from the Uyghur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang) in Central Asia. Sixty excellent color photographs of Chinese silk fabrics and a few C...This lavish publication presents Lloyd Cotsen’s sizable collection of early textiles from the Uyghur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang) in Central Asia. Sixty excellent color photographs of Chinese silk fabrics and a few Central Asian wool textiles are housed in a beautiful red box.展开更多
文摘The test of Prentice [1] is a non-parametric statistical test for the two-way analysis of variance using ranks. The null distribution of this test typically is approximated using the Chi-square distribution. However, the exact null distribution deviates from the Chi-square approximation in certain cases commonly found in applications of the test, motivating adjustments to the distribution. This manuscript presents adjustments to this null distribution correcting for continuity, multivariate skewness, and multivariate kurtosis. The effects of alternative scoring methods as non-polynomial functions of rank sums are also presented as a broader application of the approximation.
文摘With urbanization encroaching upon forestlands, characterizing microclimates in secondary forests will be important for the sustainable management of microclimates in agroforestry systems. We used micro-sensors to characterize changes in temperature at different heights in the sub-canopy of both secondary forest and 15-year-old agroforestry plots. Results show that while agroforestry plots had different temperature profiles from the secondary forest, the monoculture plot (consisting of Pentaclethra macroloba) had temperatures similar to the profile found in the secondary forest. This suggests that the replication of temperature profiles in a secondary forest may be independent of the number of tree species in a plot (e.g. polyculture), but may instead depend on the density of a given trees species. These findings further suggest that characterizing temperature microclimates in secondary forests can serve to improve the ecological sustainability of agro-forestry systems.
文摘The practice of fanxin, literally, ＂turning hearts and minds,＂ was widespread in the Liberated Areas of Northern China during the Land Reform Movement of 194648. This article examines the forms of power relations emerged during the course of revolutionary education and transformation which were geared towards awakening the peasants＇ ＂self-consciousness of mastership.＂ Taking ku/suffering as the focal point, the article investigates two main types of thought-power, ＂speaking bitterness＂ （suku） and ＂visiting the suffering people＂ （fangku）, both of which were important to the practices of fanxin. Through the investigation of fanxin, this empirical study reveals an important feature of the Chinese revolution： that is, the significance of the mind/heart, thought, or ＂spiritual elements.＂
文摘This lavish publication presents Lloyd Cotsen’s sizable collection of early textiles from the Uyghur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang) in Central Asia. Sixty excellent color photographs of Chinese silk fabrics and a few Central Asian wool textiles are housed in a beautiful red box.
