Background： With the progress ofperinatal medicine and neonatal technology, more and more extremely low birth weight （ELBW） survived all over the world. This study was designed to investigate the short-term ontcome...Background： With the progress ofperinatal medicine and neonatal technology, more and more extremely low birth weight （ELBW） survived all over the world. This study was designed to investigate the short-term ontcomes of ELBW infants during their Neonatal Intensive Care Unit （NICU） stay in the mainland of China. Methods： All infants admitted to 26 NICUs with a birth weight （BW） 〈1000 g were included between January 1,2011 and December 31,2011. All the data were collected retrospectively from clinical records by a prospectively designed questionnaire. The data collected from each NICU transmitted to the main institution where the results were aggregated and analyzed. Categorical variables were performed with Pearson Chi-square test. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to detect risk factors. Results： A total of 258 ELBW infants were admitted to 26 NICUs, of whom the mean gestational age （GA） was 28.1 ± 2.2 weeks, and the mean BW was 868 ± 97 g. The overall survival rate at discharge was 50.0%. Despite aggressive treatment 60 infants （23.3%） died and another 69 infants （26.7%） died after medical care withdrawal. Furthermore, the survival rate was significantly higher in coastal areas than inland areas （53.6% vs. 35.3%, P = 0.019）. BW 〈750 g and GA 〈28 weeks were the largest risk factors, and being small for gestational age was a protective factor related to mortality. Respiratory distress syndrome was the most common complication. The incidence of patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity was 26.2%, 33.7%, 6.7%, 48.1%, and 41.4%, respectively. Ventilator associated pneumonia was the most common hospital acquired infection during hospitalization. Conclusions： Our study was the first survey that revealed the present status of ELBW infants in the mainland of China. The mortality and morbidity of ELBW infants remained high as compared to other developed countries.展开更多
AIM:To study the therapeutic efficacy of a new transnasal ileus tube advanced endoscopically for adhesive small bowel obstruction.METHODS:A total of 186 patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction treated from Sept...AIM:To study the therapeutic efficacy of a new transnasal ileus tube advanced endoscopically for adhesive small bowel obstruction.METHODS:A total of 186 patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction treated from September 2007 to February 2011 were enrolled into this prospective randomized controlled study.The endoscopically advanced new ileus tube was used for gastrointestinal decompression in 96 patients and ordinary nasogastric tube(NGT) was used in 90 patients.The therapeutic efficacy was compared between the two groups.RESULTS:Compared with the NGT group,the ileus tube group experienced significantly shorter time for relief of clinical symptoms and improvement in the findings of abdominal radiograph(4.1 ± 2.3 d vs 8.5 ± 5.0 d) and laboratory tests(P < 0.01).The overall effectiveness rate was up to 89.6% in the ileus tube group and 46.7% in the NGT group(P < 0.01).And 10.4% of the patients in the ileus tube group and 53.3% of the NGT group underwent surgery.For recurrent adhesive bowel obstruction,ileus tube was also significantly more effective than NGT(95.8% vs 31.6%).In the ileus tube group,the drainage output on the first day and the length of hospital stay were significantly different depending on the treatment success or failure(P < 0.05).The abdominal radiographic improvement was correlated with whether or not the patient underwent surgery.CONCLUSION:Ileus tube can be used for adhesive small bowel obstruction.Endoscopic placement of the ileus tube is convenient and worthy to be promoted despite the potential risks.展开更多
Broadband near-infrared(NIR)-emitting phosphors are key for next-generation smart NIR light sources based on blue LEDs.To achieve excellent NIR phosphors,we propose a strategy of enhancing the crystallinity,modifying ...Broadband near-infrared(NIR)-emitting phosphors are key for next-generation smart NIR light sources based on blue LEDs.To achieve excellent NIR phosphors,we propose a strategy of enhancing the crystallinity,modifying the micromorphology,and maintaining the valence state of Cr^(3+) in Ca_(3)Sc_(2)Si_(3)O_(12) garnet(CSSG).By adding fluxes and sintering in a reducing atmosphere,the internal quantum efficiency(IQE)is greatly enhanced to 92.3%.The optimized CSSG:6% Cr^(3+) exhibits excellent thermal stability.At 150℃,97.4% of the NIR emission at room temperature can be maintained.The fabricated NIR-LED device emits a high optical power of 109.9mW at 520 mA.The performances of both the achieved phosphor and the NIR-LED are almost the best results until now.The mechanism for the optimization is investigated.An application of the NIR-LED light source is demonstrated.展开更多
Objective To compare the perioperative outcomes of patients with primary hepatic carcinoma treated with laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH) with those treated with open hepatectomy(OH). Methods From January 2010 to August 20...Objective To compare the perioperative outcomes of patients with primary hepatic carcinoma treated with laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH) with those treated with open hepatectomy(OH). Methods From January 2010 to August 2014, 100 patients with primary hepatic carcinoma were randomly divided into the LH group and OH group respectively, 50 patients in each group. And the incision length, blood loss, operative time, postoperative liver function, anus exhaust time, complications, length of postoperative hospital stay, and cost measures were compared. Results LH could achieve shorter incision length, less blood loss, more rapid recovery in liver function and gastrointestinal function, and shorter postoperative hospital stay length compared with OH for primary hepatic carcinoma patients(all P<0.05). However, LH could not significantly shorten operative time, and reduce postoperative complications and hospitalization cost(all P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with OH, LH could improve perioperative outcomes of primary hepatic carcinoma patients.展开更多
Background:The Shexiang Baoxin Pill(MUSKARDIA)has been used for treating coronary artery disease(CAD)and angina for more than 30 years in China.Nevertheless,methodologically sound trials on the use of MUSKARDIA in CAD...Background:The Shexiang Baoxin Pill(MUSKARDIA)has been used for treating coronary artery disease(CAD)and angina for more than 30 years in China.Nevertheless,methodologically sound trials on the use of MUSKARDIA in CAD patients are scarce.The aim of the study is to determine the effects of MUSKARDIA as an add-on to optimal medical therapy(OMT)in patients with stable CAD.Methods:A total of 2674 participants with stable CAD from 97 hospitals in China were randomized 1:1 to a MUSKARDIA or placebo group for 24 months.Both groups received OMT according to local tertiary hospital protocols.The primary outcome was the occurrence of a major adverse cardiovascular event(MACE),defined as a composite of cardiovascular death,non-fatal myocardial infarction(MI),or non-fatal stroke.Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality,non-fatal MI,non-fatal stroke,hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure,peripheral revascularization,angina stability and angina frequency.Results:In all,99.7%of the patients were treated with aspirin and 93.0%with statin.After 2 years of treatment,the occurrence of MACEs was reduced by 26.9%in the MUSKARDIA group(MUSKARDIA:1.9%vs.placebo:2.6%;odds ratio=0.80;95%confidence interval:0.45-1.07;P=0.2869).Angina frequency was significantly reduced in the MUSKARDIA group at 18 months(P=0.0362).Other secondary endpoints were similar between the two groups.The rates of adverse events were also similar between the two groups(MUSKARDIA:17.7%vs.placebo:17.4%,P=0.8785).Conclusions:As an add-on to OMT,MUSKARDIA is safe and significantly reduces angina frequency in patients with stable CAD.Moreover,the use of MUSKARDIA is associated with a trend toward reduced MACEs in patients with stable CAD.The results suggest that MUSKARDIA can be used to manage patients with CAD.Trial registration:chictr.org.cn,No.ChiCTR-TRC-12003513.展开更多
Puerarin, a traditional Chinese medicine, exerts a powerful neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, but its mechanism is unknown. Here, we established rat models of middle cerebral artery ische...Puerarin, a traditional Chinese medicine, exerts a powerful neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, but its mechanism is unknown. Here, we established rat models of middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion injury using the suture method. Puerarin （100 mg/kg） was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before middle cerebral artery occlusion and 8 hours after reperfusion. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, we found that puerarin significantly improved neurological deficit, reduced infarct size and brain water content, and notably diminished the expression of Toll-like receptor-4, myeloid differentiation factor 88, nuclear factor kappa B and tumor necrosis factor-α in the ischemic region. These data indicate that puerarin exerts an anti-inflammatory protective effect on brain tissue with ischemia/reperfusion damage by downregulating the expression of multiple inflammatory factors.展开更多
Objective: To observe the immediate effect and safety of Shexiang Tongxin dropping pills(麝香通心滴丸, STDP) on patients with coronary slow flow(CSF), and furthermore, to explore new evidence for the use of Chinese me...Objective: To observe the immediate effect and safety of Shexiang Tongxin dropping pills(麝香通心滴丸, STDP) on patients with coronary slow flow(CSF), and furthermore, to explore new evidence for the use of Chinese medicine in treating ischemic chest pain. Methods: Coronary angiography(CAG) with corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI) frame count(CTFC) was applied(collected at 30 frames/s). The treatment group included 22 CSF patients, while the control group included 22 individuals with normal coronary?ow. CSF patients were given 4 STDP through sublingual administration, and CAG was performed 5 min after the medication. The immediate blood ?ow frame count, blood pressure, and heart rate of patients before and after the use of STDP were compared. The liver and kidney functions of patients were examined before and after treatments. Results: There was a signi?cant difference in CTFC between groups(P<0.05). The average CTFC values of the vessels with slow blood ?ow in CSF patients were, respectively, 49.98±10.01 and 40.42±11.33 before and after the treatment with STDP, a 19.13% improvement. The CTFC values(frame/s) measured before and after treatment at the left anterior descending coronary artery, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery were, respectively, 48.00±13.32 and 41.80±15.38, 59.00±4.69 and 50.00±9.04, and 51.90±8.40 and40.09±10.46, giving 12.92%, 15.25%, and 22.76% improvements, respectively. The CTFC values of vessels with slow ?ow before treatment were signi?cantly decreased after treatment(P<0.05). There were no apparent changes in the heart rate, blood pressure, or liver or kidney function of CSF patients after treatment with STDP(all P>0.05). Conclusions: The immediate effect of STDP in treating CSF patients was apparent. This medication could signi?cantly improve coronary ?ow without affecting blood pressure or heart rate. Our ?ndings support the potential of Chinese medicine to treat ischemic chest pain.展开更多
Because China is becoming an aging society,the incidence of diabetes and diabetic foot have been increasing.Diabetic foot has become one of the main health-related killers due to its high disability and mortality rate...Because China is becoming an aging society,the incidence of diabetes and diabetic foot have been increasing.Diabetic foot has become one of the main health-related killers due to its high disability and mortality rates.Negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT)is one of the most effective techniques for the treatment of diabetic foot wounds and great progress,both in terms of research and its clinical application,has been made in the last 20 years of its development.However,due to the complex pathogenesis and management of diabetic foot,irregular application of NPWT often leads to complications,such as infection,bleeding and necrosis,that seriously affect its treatment outcomes.In 2020,under the leadership of Burns,Trauma and Tissue Repair Committee of the Cross-Straits Medicine Exchange Association,the writing group for‘Consensus on the application of negative pressure wound therapy of diabetic foot wounds’was established with the participation of scholars from the specialized areas of burns,endocrinology,vascular surgery,orthopedics and wound repair.Drawing on evidence-based practice suggested by the latest clinical research,this consensus proposes the best clinical practice guidelines for the application and prognostic evaluation of NPWT for diabetic foot.The consensus aims to support the formation of standardized treatment schemes that clinicians can refer to when treating cases of diabetic foot.展开更多
The effects of dietary supplementation with Clostridium butyricum on growth performance and humoral immune response in Miichthys miiuy were evaluated. One hundred and fifty Miichthys miiuy weighing approximately 200-2...The effects of dietary supplementation with Clostridium butyricum on growth performance and humoral immune response in Miichthys miiuy were evaluated. One hundred and fifty Miichthys miiuy weighing approximately 200-260 g were divided into five groups and reared in 15 tanks with closed circuiting culture system. The animals were fed 5 diets： basal diet only （control） or supplemented of the basal diet with C. butyricum at doses of 10^3 （CB1）, 10^5 （CB2）, 10^7 （CB3） or 10^9 （CB4） CFU/g. Compared with the control, the serum phenoloxidase activity was significantly increased by the supplementation （P〈0.05）, acid phosphatases activity was increased significantly （P〈0.05） at the doses of 10^9 CFU/g. Serum lysozyme activity peaked at dose of 10^7 CFU/g and in the skin mucus at dose of 10^9 CFU/g. Immunoglobulin M level in the serum and skin mucus was increased except at dose of 10^3 CFU/g （P〈0.05）. The growth at the dose of 10^9 CFU/g was higher than that of the control （P〈0.05）. It is concluded that supplementation of C. butyricum can mediate the humoral immune responses and improve the growth performance in Miichthys miiuy.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder (PLGs) in petrochemical employees in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China. METHODS:All active and retired employees aged 20-90 year...AIM:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder (PLGs) in petrochemical employees in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China. METHODS:All active and retired employees aged 20-90 years (n = 11098) of a refinery and chemical plant in eastern China were requested to participate in a health survey. The participants were subjected to interview, physical examination, laboratory assessments and ultrasonography. All the participants were invitedto have a physical examination after a face-to-face interview. Fasting blood samples were obtained from the antecubital vein, and the samples were used for the analysis of biochemical values. Abdominal ultrasonography was conducted. RESULTS:A total of 10461 (7331 men and 3130 women) current and former petrochemical employees attended for screening. The overall prevalence of postcholecystectomy, gallstones and PLGs was 0.9%, 5.2% and 7.4%, respectively. Compared with the increased prevalence of either gallstones or post-cholecystectomy in older persons, PLGs were more common in the middle-aged, peaking in those aged 40-59 years. Excluding the patients with gallstones, gallstones mixed with PLGs, or those who had undergone cholecystectomy, in the remaining 9828 participants, the prevalence of PLGs in men (8.9%) was significantly higher than that in women (5.5%, P < 0.001). The analyzed risk factors with increased OR for the development of PLGs were male gender (OR = 1.799, P < 0.001), age ≥ 30 years (OR = 2.699, P < 0.001) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity (OR = 1.374, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION:PLGs are not rare among Chinese petrochemical employees. Male gender, HBsAg positivity, and middle age are risk factors for developing PLGs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sirtuin 1(SIRT1)is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase that is involved in various diseases,including cancers,metabolic diseases,and inflammation-associated diseases.Howe...BACKGROUND Sirtuin 1(SIRT1)is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase that is involved in various diseases,including cancers,metabolic diseases,and inflammation-associated diseases.However,the role of SIRT1 in ulcerative colitis(UC)is still confusing.AIM To investigate the role of SIRT1 in intestinal epithelial cells(IECs)in UC and further explore the underlying mechanisms.METHODS We developed a coculture model using macrophages and Caco-2 cells.After treatment with the SIRT1 activator SRT1720 or inhibitor nicotinamide(NAM),the expression of occludin and zona occludens 1(ZO-1)was assessed by Western blot analysis.Annexin V-APC/7-AAD assays were performed to evaluate Caco-2 apoptosis.Dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis mice were exposed to SRT1720 or NAM for 7 d.Transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)assays were conducted to assess apoptosis in colon tissues.The expression levels of glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78),CCAAT/enhancerbinding protein homologous protein(CHOP),caspase-12,caspase-9,and caspase-3 in Caco-2 cells and the colon tissues of treated mice were examined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot.RESULTS SRT1720 treatment increased the protein levels of occludin and ZO-1 and inhibited Caco-2 apoptosis,whereas NAM administration caused the opposite effects.DSS-induced colitis mice treated with SRT1720 had a lower disease activity index(P<0.01),histological score(P<0.001),inflammatory cytokine levels(P<0.01),and apoptotic cell rate(P<0.01),while exposure to NAM caused the opposite effects.Moreover,SIRT1 activation reduced the expression levels of GRP78,CHOP,cleaved caspase-12,cleaved caspase-9,and cleaved caspase-3 in Caco-2 cells and the colon tissues of treated mice.CONCLUSION SIRT1 activation reduces apoptosis of IECs via the suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis-associated molecules CHOP and caspase-12.SIRT1 activation may be a potential therapeutic strategy for UC.展开更多
Graphene has attracted much attention for the realization of high-speed photodetection for silicon photonics over a wide wavelength range.However,the reported fast graphene photodetectors mainly operate in the 1.55μm...Graphene has attracted much attention for the realization of high-speed photodetection for silicon photonics over a wide wavelength range.However,the reported fast graphene photodetectors mainly operate in the 1.55μm wavelength band.In this work,we propose and realize high-performance waveguide photodetectors based on bolometric/photoconductive effects by introducing an ultrathin wide silicon−graphene hybrid plasmonic waveguide,which enables efficient light absorption in graphene at 1.55μm and beyond.When operating at 2μm,the present photodetector has a responsivity of ~70 mA/W and a setup-limited 3 dB bandwidth of >20 GHz.When operating at 1.55μm,the present photodetector also works very well with a broad 3 dB bandwidth of >40 GHz(setup-limited)and a high responsivity of ~0.4 A/W even with a low bias voltage of−0.3 V.This work paves the way for achieving highresponsivity and high-speed silicon-graphene waveguide photodetection in the near/mid-infrared ranges,which has applications in optical communications,nonlinear photonics,and on-chip sensing.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the efficacy of α-lipoic acid（ALA） plus epalrestat combination therapy in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN）. DATA SOURCES： The electronic databases of Pub Med, Medline,...OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the efficacy of α-lipoic acid（ALA） plus epalrestat combination therapy in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN）. DATA SOURCES： The electronic databases of Pub Med, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Wanfang Database and the Chinese Biomedical Database were used to retrieve relevant studies without language restrictions. The search was conducted from the inception of each database to 7 October 2016. The key terms were（diabetic peripheral neuropathy or diabetic neuropathy or DPN） AND（α-lipoic acid or lipoic acid or thioctic acid） AND epalrestat. DATA SELECTION： All of the eligible studies met the following inclusion criteria：（1） Randomized controlled trials that compared efficacy and safety of epalrestat plus ALA combination therapy versus epalrestat or ALA monotherapy in patients with DPN.（2） The minimum duration of treatment was 2 weeks.（3） The DPN patients were diagnosed using the World Health Organization standardized type 2 diabetes mellitus and DPN criteria.（4） Studies contained at least one measure that could reflect the efficacy of the drug and nerve conduction velocities. Studies in which the control group used epalrestat or ALA combined with other drugs were excluded. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA software for meta-analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES： The primary outcomes were the therapeutic efficacy, median motor nerve conduction velocity（MNCV）, median sensory nerve conduction velocity（SNCV）, peroneal MNCV and peroneal SNCV.RESULTS： Twenty studies with 1894 DPN patients were included, including 864 patients in the ALA plus epalrestat group, 473 in the ALA group and 557 in the epalrestat group. The efficacy of ALA plus epalrestat combination therapy was superior to ALA and epalrestat monotherapies（RR = 1.29, 95% CI： 1.21–1.38; RR = 1.43, 95% CI： 1.34–1.54, respectively）. ALA plus epalrestat combination therapy also significantly improved m展开更多
A series of Y2.985Al5–xGaxO12:0.015Ce(YAGG:Ce,x=0,1,2,3,4,5)transparent ceramics were prepared via a solid-state reaction method.Two-step sintering technique was proved to be an effective approach to prepare function...A series of Y2.985Al5–xGaxO12:0.015Ce(YAGG:Ce,x=0,1,2,3,4,5)transparent ceramics were prepared via a solid-state reaction method.Two-step sintering technique was proved to be an effective approach to prepare functional ceramics with high Ga concentration,and Y3Ga5O12(YGG)transparent ceramic was successfully prepared for the first time.According to the variation of Al/Ga ratio,regulation of band structure and luminescence properties of YAGG:Ce transparent ceramics were effectively investigated.When Ga substitutes Al sites,the tetrahedral site is more favorable compared to the octahedral site for Ga to occupy according to the first-principle calculation.A continuous blue shift of the emission from 565 to 515 nm was achieved as Ga was gradually introduced into Y3Al5O12:Ce matrix.High quality green light was obtained by coupling the YAGG:Ce ceramics with commercial blue InGaN chips.Transparent luminescence ceramics accomplished in this work can be quite prospective for high power LED application.展开更多
Background The prevalence and the spectrum of thyroid dysfunction in the mainland of China are not adequately understood. We performed a population-based study to determine the prevalence of major thyroid dysfunctions...Background The prevalence and the spectrum of thyroid dysfunction in the mainland of China are not adequately understood. We performed a population-based study to determine the prevalence of major thyroid dysfunctions including overt and subclinical hyper- and hypothyroidism in a stable cohort. Methods All active and retired employees aged 20 years and older （11 067） of Sinopec Zhenhai Refining ＆ Chemical Company in Ningbo participated in the cross-sectional survey with a questionnaire and blood samples. Results A total of 10 405 individuals attended for screening. Using biochemical definitions 95.5% were euthyroid. The prevalence of former diagnosed hyperthyroidism was 1.1% in females and 0.4% in males, hypothyroidism 1.7% and 0.3%, and thyroid surgery 1.2% and 0.3%, respectively. In both sex the prevalence increased with age. Twenty-four percent of individuals with thyroid surgery or medications had abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH） levels. In individuals without a history of thyroid disease, the prevalence of pathological TSH values in females and males were TSH 〉10 mU/L 0.60% and 0.29%; TSH 4.8-9.9 mU/L 5.71% and 2.25%; TSH 〈0.3 mU/L 0.87% and 0.41%, respectively. Overt hyper- and hypothyroidism were uncommon （0.2%, 0.3%, respectively）. The prevalence of subclinical hyper- and hypothyroidism was 0.4% and 3.4%, respectively. Subclinical hypothyroidism was more common in females （male 2.4% vs. female 5.8%, P 〈0.001） and with increasing age （P 〈0.001）. Conclusions The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is 4.5% in the cohort. Among individuals with thyroid medications or surgery, only 75.7% were within the normal range of TSH. These results indicate that thyroid dysfunction is common in Chinese adults.展开更多
Three-dimensional motion equations of a marine Tethered Remotely Operated Vehicle （TROV） system with large elastic deformation and snap loads are formulated using the lumped parameter model. This formulation is simp...Three-dimensional motion equations of a marine Tethered Remotely Operated Vehicle （TROV） system with large elastic deformation and snap loads are formulated using the lumped parameter model. This formulation is simple and quite general in solving a wide range of offshore-related cable and pipeline problems using only three degrees of translational freedom for each computational nodes. The model is convenient in dealing with non-uniform features of the cable with low or even zero tension. The snap load that would damaged the sling is predicted by computing the dynamic tension and the instant configuration of the cable. This investigation may help avoid resonance, extend the cable life, reduce the test expense and avoid operating accidents.展开更多
Object: The authors studied the influence of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on intracellular pH and signal transduction arising from cancer cell multiplication in laparoscopic tumor operation. Method: They set up a simulation o...Object: The authors studied the influence of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on intracellular pH and signal transduction arising from cancer cell multiplication in laparoscopic tumor operation. Method: They set up a simulation of pneumoperitoneum under different CO2 pressure, and then measured the variation of intracellular pH (pHi) at different time and the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) and protein phosphatase 2a (PP2a) at the end of the pneumoperitoneum. After 1 week, the concentration of cancer cells in the culture medium was calculated. Result: When the pressure of CO2 pneumoperitoneum was 0, 10, 20, 30 mmHg respectively, the average pHi was 7.273, 7.075, 6.783, 6.693 at the end of the pneumoperitoneum; PKC activity was 159.4, 168.5,178.0, 181.6 nmol/(g.min) and PP2a was 4158.3, 4066.9, 3984.0, 3878.5 nmol/(g.min) respectively. After 1 week, the cancer cells concentration was 2.15×105, 2.03×105, 2.20×105, 2.18×105 L-1. Conclusion: CO2 pneumoperitoneum could promote acidosis in cancer cells, inducing the activation of protein kinase C and deactivation of protein phosphatase 2a, but it could not accelerate the mitosis rate of the cancer cells.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by sustained neuroinflammation leading to memory loss and cognitive decline.The past decade has witnessed tremendous efforts in Alzheimer’s disease research;however,no effective ...Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by sustained neuroinflammation leading to memory loss and cognitive decline.The past decade has witnessed tremendous efforts in Alzheimer’s disease research;however,no effective treatment is available to prevent disease progression.An increasing body of evidence suggests that neuroinflammation plays an important role in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis,alongside the classical pathological hallmarks such as misfolded and aggregated proteins(e.g.,amyloid-beta and tau).Firstly,this review summarized the clinical and pathological characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease.Secondly,we outlined key aspects of glial cell-associated inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis and provided the latest evidence on the roles of microglia and astrocytes in Alzheimer’s disease pathology.Then,we revealed the double-edged nature of inflammatory cytokines and inflammasomes in Alzheimer’s disease.In addition,the potential therapeutic roles of innate immunity and neuroinflammation for Alzheimer’s disease were also discussed through these mechanisms.In the final section,the remaining key problems according to the current research status were discussed.展开更多
Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),a highly nutritious and functional fruit,is reported to have various health benefits and has been extensively planted worldwide,especially in China.Many studies have shown that bioactive ...Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),a highly nutritious and functional fruit,is reported to have various health benefits and has been extensively planted worldwide,especially in China.Many studies have shown that bioactive components derived from jujube fruit have significant nutritional and potential biological effects.In this paper,the latest progress in research on major bioactive compounds obtained from jujube is reviewed,and the potential biological functions of jujube fruit resources are discussed.As a dietary supplement,jujube fruit is well recognized as a healthy food which contains a variety of bioactive substances,such as polysaccharides,polyphenols,amino acids,nucleotides,fatty acids,dietary fiber,alkaloids,and other nutrients.These nutrients and non-nutritive phytochemicals obtained from jujube fruit have physiological functions including anticancer,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-hyperlipidemic,anti-hyperglycemic,immunoregulatory,neuroprotective,sedative,and antiviral functions.Of note is that new constituents,including alkaloids,dietary fiber,and other bioactive substances,as well as the antiviral,hypoglycemic,lipid-lowering,and neuroprotective effects of jujube fruit,are systematically reviewed here for the first time.Meanwhile,problems affecting the exploitation of jujube fruit resources are discussed and further research directions proposed.Therefore,this review provides a useful bibliography for the future development of jujube-based products and the utilization of jujube nutritional components in functional foods.展开更多
文摘Background： With the progress ofperinatal medicine and neonatal technology, more and more extremely low birth weight （ELBW） survived all over the world. This study was designed to investigate the short-term ontcomes of ELBW infants during their Neonatal Intensive Care Unit （NICU） stay in the mainland of China. Methods： All infants admitted to 26 NICUs with a birth weight （BW） 〈1000 g were included between January 1,2011 and December 31,2011. All the data were collected retrospectively from clinical records by a prospectively designed questionnaire. The data collected from each NICU transmitted to the main institution where the results were aggregated and analyzed. Categorical variables were performed with Pearson Chi-square test. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to detect risk factors. Results： A total of 258 ELBW infants were admitted to 26 NICUs, of whom the mean gestational age （GA） was 28.1 ± 2.2 weeks, and the mean BW was 868 ± 97 g. The overall survival rate at discharge was 50.0%. Despite aggressive treatment 60 infants （23.3%） died and another 69 infants （26.7%） died after medical care withdrawal. Furthermore, the survival rate was significantly higher in coastal areas than inland areas （53.6% vs. 35.3%, P = 0.019）. BW 〈750 g and GA 〈28 weeks were the largest risk factors, and being small for gestational age was a protective factor related to mortality. Respiratory distress syndrome was the most common complication. The incidence of patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity was 26.2%, 33.7%, 6.7%, 48.1%, and 41.4%, respectively. Ventilator associated pneumonia was the most common hospital acquired infection during hospitalization. Conclusions： Our study was the first survey that revealed the present status of ELBW infants in the mainland of China. The mortality and morbidity of ELBW infants remained high as compared to other developed countries.
文摘AIM:To study the therapeutic efficacy of a new transnasal ileus tube advanced endoscopically for adhesive small bowel obstruction.METHODS:A total of 186 patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction treated from September 2007 to February 2011 were enrolled into this prospective randomized controlled study.The endoscopically advanced new ileus tube was used for gastrointestinal decompression in 96 patients and ordinary nasogastric tube(NGT) was used in 90 patients.The therapeutic efficacy was compared between the two groups.RESULTS:Compared with the NGT group,the ileus tube group experienced significantly shorter time for relief of clinical symptoms and improvement in the findings of abdominal radiograph(4.1 ± 2.3 d vs 8.5 ± 5.0 d) and laboratory tests(P < 0.01).The overall effectiveness rate was up to 89.6% in the ileus tube group and 46.7% in the NGT group(P < 0.01).And 10.4% of the patients in the ileus tube group and 53.3% of the NGT group underwent surgery.For recurrent adhesive bowel obstruction,ileus tube was also significantly more effective than NGT(95.8% vs 31.6%).In the ileus tube group,the drainage output on the first day and the length of hospital stay were significantly different depending on the treatment success or failure(P < 0.05).The abdominal radiographic improvement was correlated with whether or not the patient underwent surgery.CONCLUSION:Ileus tube can be used for adhesive small bowel obstruction.Endoscopic placement of the ileus tube is convenient and worthy to be promoted despite the potential risks.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences"Water Resourses Utilization and Integrated Management Demonstration in Tarim River Basin"the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.90502004 and 30500081).
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0104502,2017YFC0111602)Fujian Institute of Innovation,Chinese Academy of Sciences(FJCXY18040203)+2 种基金Public Projects of Zhejiang Province(LGG18E020007)Science and Techology Major Project of Ningbo Municipality(2017C110028)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(201801D121020,201801D221132).
文摘Broadband near-infrared(NIR)-emitting phosphors are key for next-generation smart NIR light sources based on blue LEDs.To achieve excellent NIR phosphors,we propose a strategy of enhancing the crystallinity,modifying the micromorphology,and maintaining the valence state of Cr^(3+) in Ca_(3)Sc_(2)Si_(3)O_(12) garnet(CSSG).By adding fluxes and sintering in a reducing atmosphere,the internal quantum efficiency(IQE)is greatly enhanced to 92.3%.The optimized CSSG:6% Cr^(3+) exhibits excellent thermal stability.At 150℃,97.4% of the NIR emission at room temperature can be maintained.The fabricated NIR-LED device emits a high optical power of 109.9mW at 520 mA.The performances of both the achieved phosphor and the NIR-LED are almost the best results until now.The mechanism for the optimization is investigated.An application of the NIR-LED light source is demonstrated.
文摘Objective To compare the perioperative outcomes of patients with primary hepatic carcinoma treated with laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH) with those treated with open hepatectomy(OH). Methods From January 2010 to August 2014, 100 patients with primary hepatic carcinoma were randomly divided into the LH group and OH group respectively, 50 patients in each group. And the incision length, blood loss, operative time, postoperative liver function, anus exhaust time, complications, length of postoperative hospital stay, and cost measures were compared. Results LH could achieve shorter incision length, less blood loss, more rapid recovery in liver function and gastrointestinal function, and shorter postoperative hospital stay length compared with OH for primary hepatic carcinoma patients(all P<0.05). However, LH could not significantly shorten operative time, and reduce postoperative complications and hospitalization cost(all P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with OH, LH could improve perioperative outcomes of primary hepatic carcinoma patients.
基金This study was funded by the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee and Shanghai Hutchison Pharmaceuticals Company.
文摘Background:The Shexiang Baoxin Pill(MUSKARDIA)has been used for treating coronary artery disease(CAD)and angina for more than 30 years in China.Nevertheless,methodologically sound trials on the use of MUSKARDIA in CAD patients are scarce.The aim of the study is to determine the effects of MUSKARDIA as an add-on to optimal medical therapy(OMT)in patients with stable CAD.Methods:A total of 2674 participants with stable CAD from 97 hospitals in China were randomized 1:1 to a MUSKARDIA or placebo group for 24 months.Both groups received OMT according to local tertiary hospital protocols.The primary outcome was the occurrence of a major adverse cardiovascular event(MACE),defined as a composite of cardiovascular death,non-fatal myocardial infarction(MI),or non-fatal stroke.Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality,non-fatal MI,non-fatal stroke,hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure,peripheral revascularization,angina stability and angina frequency.Results:In all,99.7%of the patients were treated with aspirin and 93.0%with statin.After 2 years of treatment,the occurrence of MACEs was reduced by 26.9%in the MUSKARDIA group(MUSKARDIA:1.9%vs.placebo:2.6%;odds ratio=0.80;95%confidence interval:0.45-1.07;P=0.2869).Angina frequency was significantly reduced in the MUSKARDIA group at 18 months(P=0.0362).Other secondary endpoints were similar between the two groups.The rates of adverse events were also similar between the two groups(MUSKARDIA:17.7%vs.placebo:17.4%,P=0.8785).Conclusions:As an add-on to OMT,MUSKARDIA is safe and significantly reduces angina frequency in patients with stable CAD.Moreover,the use of MUSKARDIA is associated with a trend toward reduced MACEs in patients with stable CAD.The results suggest that MUSKARDIA can be used to manage patients with CAD.Trial registration:chictr.org.cn,No.ChiCTR-TRC-12003513.
基金supported by the Chinese Traditional Medical Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province in China,No.2010ZA072the Health Bureau Foundation of Zhejiang Province in China,No.2012ZDA023the Qianjiang Project of Zhejiang Science and Technology Bureau in China,No.2010 R10073
文摘Puerarin, a traditional Chinese medicine, exerts a powerful neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, but its mechanism is unknown. Here, we established rat models of middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion injury using the suture method. Puerarin （100 mg/kg） was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before middle cerebral artery occlusion and 8 hours after reperfusion. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, we found that puerarin significantly improved neurological deficit, reduced infarct size and brain water content, and notably diminished the expression of Toll-like receptor-4, myeloid differentiation factor 88, nuclear factor kappa B and tumor necrosis factor-α in the ischemic region. These data indicate that puerarin exerts an anti-inflammatory protective effect on brain tissue with ischemia/reperfusion damage by downregulating the expression of multiple inflammatory factors.
基金Supported by the Zhejiang Institute of Integrative Medicine Clinical Special Fund for Pharmacy Research(No.2014LYK009)
文摘Objective: To observe the immediate effect and safety of Shexiang Tongxin dropping pills(麝香通心滴丸, STDP) on patients with coronary slow flow(CSF), and furthermore, to explore new evidence for the use of Chinese medicine in treating ischemic chest pain. Methods: Coronary angiography(CAG) with corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI) frame count(CTFC) was applied(collected at 30 frames/s). The treatment group included 22 CSF patients, while the control group included 22 individuals with normal coronary?ow. CSF patients were given 4 STDP through sublingual administration, and CAG was performed 5 min after the medication. The immediate blood ?ow frame count, blood pressure, and heart rate of patients before and after the use of STDP were compared. The liver and kidney functions of patients were examined before and after treatments. Results: There was a signi?cant difference in CTFC between groups(P<0.05). The average CTFC values of the vessels with slow blood ?ow in CSF patients were, respectively, 49.98±10.01 and 40.42±11.33 before and after the treatment with STDP, a 19.13% improvement. The CTFC values(frame/s) measured before and after treatment at the left anterior descending coronary artery, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery were, respectively, 48.00±13.32 and 41.80±15.38, 59.00±4.69 and 50.00±9.04, and 51.90±8.40 and40.09±10.46, giving 12.92%, 15.25%, and 22.76% improvements, respectively. The CTFC values of vessels with slow ?ow before treatment were signi?cantly decreased after treatment(P<0.05). There were no apparent changes in the heart rate, blood pressure, or liver or kidney function of CSF patients after treatment with STDP(all P>0.05). Conclusions: The immediate effect of STDP in treating CSF patients was apparent. This medication could signi?cantly improve coronary ?ow without affecting blood pressure or heart rate. Our ?ndings support the potential of Chinese medicine to treat ischemic chest pain.
基金Research on in situ skin repair and regeneration based on micro-tissue engineering technology and 3D printing.(The National Key R&D Program of China,Grant Number 2019YFA0110503).The study on natural living micro-amniotic scaffolds to dynamic regulate immune inflammation and reconstruct wound repairing.(National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant Number 81971836).The systemic study of miR-23b_24-1 cluster in the prevention and treatment of MODS caused by sepsis after burns.(National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant Number 81930057).The experimental study on regulating the immune inflammatory microenvironment of burn wounds and promoting repair and regeneration based on micro-tissue engineering technology.(National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant Number 81871559).
文摘Because China is becoming an aging society,the incidence of diabetes and diabetic foot have been increasing.Diabetic foot has become one of the main health-related killers due to its high disability and mortality rates.Negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT)is one of the most effective techniques for the treatment of diabetic foot wounds and great progress,both in terms of research and its clinical application,has been made in the last 20 years of its development.However,due to the complex pathogenesis and management of diabetic foot,irregular application of NPWT often leads to complications,such as infection,bleeding and necrosis,that seriously affect its treatment outcomes.In 2020,under the leadership of Burns,Trauma and Tissue Repair Committee of the Cross-Straits Medicine Exchange Association,the writing group for‘Consensus on the application of negative pressure wound therapy of diabetic foot wounds’was established with the participation of scholars from the specialized areas of burns,endocrinology,vascular surgery,orthopedics and wound repair.Drawing on evidence-based practice suggested by the latest clinical research,this consensus proposes the best clinical practice guidelines for the application and prognostic evaluation of NPWT for diabetic foot.The consensus aims to support the formation of standardized treatment schemes that clinicians can refer to when treating cases of diabetic foot.
基金Project supported by the Bureau of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province (No. 2004201), China and the Youth Fund of Ningbo City (No. 2004A620008), China
文摘The effects of dietary supplementation with Clostridium butyricum on growth performance and humoral immune response in Miichthys miiuy were evaluated. One hundred and fifty Miichthys miiuy weighing approximately 200-260 g were divided into five groups and reared in 15 tanks with closed circuiting culture system. The animals were fed 5 diets： basal diet only （control） or supplemented of the basal diet with C. butyricum at doses of 10^3 （CB1）, 10^5 （CB2）, 10^7 （CB3） or 10^9 （CB4） CFU/g. Compared with the control, the serum phenoloxidase activity was significantly increased by the supplementation （P〈0.05）, acid phosphatases activity was increased significantly （P〈0.05） at the doses of 10^9 CFU/g. Serum lysozyme activity peaked at dose of 10^7 CFU/g and in the skin mucus at dose of 10^9 CFU/g. Immunoglobulin M level in the serum and skin mucus was increased except at dose of 10^3 CFU/g （P〈0.05）. The growth at the dose of 10^9 CFU/g was higher than that of the control （P〈0.05）. It is concluded that supplementation of C. butyricum can mediate the humoral immune responses and improve the growth performance in Miichthys miiuy.
基金Supported by Ningbo Social Development and Technology Support Plan Project of China, No. 2011C50021Ningbo Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 2012A610187+1 种基金Clinical Research Foundation of Zhejiang Medical Association, No. 2010ZYC-B07Zhenhai Social Development and Technology Support Plan Project of Ningbo, No. 2011A2062
文摘AIM:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder (PLGs) in petrochemical employees in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China. METHODS:All active and retired employees aged 20-90 years (n = 11098) of a refinery and chemical plant in eastern China were requested to participate in a health survey. The participants were subjected to interview, physical examination, laboratory assessments and ultrasonography. All the participants were invitedto have a physical examination after a face-to-face interview. Fasting blood samples were obtained from the antecubital vein, and the samples were used for the analysis of biochemical values. Abdominal ultrasonography was conducted. RESULTS:A total of 10461 (7331 men and 3130 women) current and former petrochemical employees attended for screening. The overall prevalence of postcholecystectomy, gallstones and PLGs was 0.9%, 5.2% and 7.4%, respectively. Compared with the increased prevalence of either gallstones or post-cholecystectomy in older persons, PLGs were more common in the middle-aged, peaking in those aged 40-59 years. Excluding the patients with gallstones, gallstones mixed with PLGs, or those who had undergone cholecystectomy, in the remaining 9828 participants, the prevalence of PLGs in men (8.9%) was significantly higher than that in women (5.5%, P < 0.001). The analyzed risk factors with increased OR for the development of PLGs were male gender (OR = 1.799, P < 0.001), age ≥ 30 years (OR = 2.699, P < 0.001) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity (OR = 1.374, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION:PLGs are not rare among Chinese petrochemical employees. Male gender, HBsAg positivity, and middle age are risk factors for developing PLGs.
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China,No.81600414the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,No.LQ16H030001Zhejiang TCM Science and Technology Project,No.2016ZA123 and No.2018ZA013
文摘BACKGROUND Sirtuin 1(SIRT1)is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase that is involved in various diseases,including cancers,metabolic diseases,and inflammation-associated diseases.However,the role of SIRT1 in ulcerative colitis(UC)is still confusing.AIM To investigate the role of SIRT1 in intestinal epithelial cells(IECs)in UC and further explore the underlying mechanisms.METHODS We developed a coculture model using macrophages and Caco-2 cells.After treatment with the SIRT1 activator SRT1720 or inhibitor nicotinamide(NAM),the expression of occludin and zona occludens 1(ZO-1)was assessed by Western blot analysis.Annexin V-APC/7-AAD assays were performed to evaluate Caco-2 apoptosis.Dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis mice were exposed to SRT1720 or NAM for 7 d.Transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)assays were conducted to assess apoptosis in colon tissues.The expression levels of glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78),CCAAT/enhancerbinding protein homologous protein(CHOP),caspase-12,caspase-9,and caspase-3 in Caco-2 cells and the colon tissues of treated mice were examined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot.RESULTS SRT1720 treatment increased the protein levels of occludin and ZO-1 and inhibited Caco-2 apoptosis,whereas NAM administration caused the opposite effects.DSS-induced colitis mice treated with SRT1720 had a lower disease activity index(P<0.01),histological score(P<0.001),inflammatory cytokine levels(P<0.01),and apoptotic cell rate(P<0.01),while exposure to NAM caused the opposite effects.Moreover,SIRT1 activation reduced the expression levels of GRP78,CHOP,cleaved caspase-12,cleaved caspase-9,and cleaved caspase-3 in Caco-2 cells and the colon tissues of treated mice.CONCLUSION SIRT1 activation reduces apoptosis of IECs via the suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis-associated molecules CHOP and caspase-12.SIRT1 activation may be a potential therapeutic strategy for UC.
基金supported by the National Major Research and Development Program(No.2018YFB2200200)National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(61725503)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61905210 and 91950205)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M662041)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LZ18F050001 and LD19F050001).
文摘Graphene has attracted much attention for the realization of high-speed photodetection for silicon photonics over a wide wavelength range.However,the reported fast graphene photodetectors mainly operate in the 1.55μm wavelength band.In this work,we propose and realize high-performance waveguide photodetectors based on bolometric/photoconductive effects by introducing an ultrathin wide silicon−graphene hybrid plasmonic waveguide,which enables efficient light absorption in graphene at 1.55μm and beyond.When operating at 2μm,the present photodetector has a responsivity of ~70 mA/W and a setup-limited 3 dB bandwidth of >20 GHz.When operating at 1.55μm,the present photodetector also works very well with a broad 3 dB bandwidth of >40 GHz(setup-limited)and a high responsivity of ~0.4 A/W even with a low bias voltage of−0.3 V.This work paves the way for achieving highresponsivity and high-speed silicon-graphene waveguide photodetection in the near/mid-infrared ranges,which has applications in optical communications,nonlinear photonics,and on-chip sensing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81370165a grant from the Public Benefit Technology and Society Development Program of Zhejiang Province of China,No.2015C33309+2 种基金a grant from the Ningbo Science and Technology Innovation Team Program in China,No.2014B82002,2015B11050a grant from the Ningbo Science and Technology Project in China,No.2015A610217the Fang Runhua Fund of Hong Kong,K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University
文摘OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the efficacy of α-lipoic acid（ALA） plus epalrestat combination therapy in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN）. DATA SOURCES： The electronic databases of Pub Med, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Wanfang Database and the Chinese Biomedical Database were used to retrieve relevant studies without language restrictions. The search was conducted from the inception of each database to 7 October 2016. The key terms were（diabetic peripheral neuropathy or diabetic neuropathy or DPN） AND（α-lipoic acid or lipoic acid or thioctic acid） AND epalrestat. DATA SELECTION： All of the eligible studies met the following inclusion criteria：（1） Randomized controlled trials that compared efficacy and safety of epalrestat plus ALA combination therapy versus epalrestat or ALA monotherapy in patients with DPN.（2） The minimum duration of treatment was 2 weeks.（3） The DPN patients were diagnosed using the World Health Organization standardized type 2 diabetes mellitus and DPN criteria.（4） Studies contained at least one measure that could reflect the efficacy of the drug and nerve conduction velocities. Studies in which the control group used epalrestat or ALA combined with other drugs were excluded. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA software for meta-analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES： The primary outcomes were the therapeutic efficacy, median motor nerve conduction velocity（MNCV）, median sensory nerve conduction velocity（SNCV）, peroneal MNCV and peroneal SNCV.RESULTS： Twenty studies with 1894 DPN patients were included, including 864 patients in the ALA plus epalrestat group, 473 in the ALA group and 557 in the epalrestat group. The efficacy of ALA plus epalrestat combination therapy was superior to ALA and epalrestat monotherapies（RR = 1.29, 95% CI： 1.21–1.38; RR = 1.43, 95% CI： 1.34–1.54, respectively）. ALA plus epalrestat combination therapy also significantly improved m
基金supported by the National Key R & D Program of China (2016YFC0101800)National Natural Science Foundation of China (51672286, U1832159, 51772185)Science and Technology Major Project of Ningbo Municipality (2017C110028)
文摘A series of Y2.985Al5–xGaxO12:0.015Ce(YAGG:Ce,x=0,1,2,3,4,5)transparent ceramics were prepared via a solid-state reaction method.Two-step sintering technique was proved to be an effective approach to prepare functional ceramics with high Ga concentration,and Y3Ga5O12(YGG)transparent ceramic was successfully prepared for the first time.According to the variation of Al/Ga ratio,regulation of band structure and luminescence properties of YAGG:Ce transparent ceramics were effectively investigated.When Ga substitutes Al sites,the tetrahedral site is more favorable compared to the octahedral site for Ga to occupy according to the first-principle calculation.A continuous blue shift of the emission from 565 to 515 nm was achieved as Ga was gradually introduced into Y3Al5O12:Ce matrix.High quality green light was obtained by coupling the YAGG:Ce ceramics with commercial blue InGaN chips.Transparent luminescence ceramics accomplished in this work can be quite prospective for high power LED application.
文摘Background The prevalence and the spectrum of thyroid dysfunction in the mainland of China are not adequately understood. We performed a population-based study to determine the prevalence of major thyroid dysfunctions including overt and subclinical hyper- and hypothyroidism in a stable cohort. Methods All active and retired employees aged 20 years and older （11 067） of Sinopec Zhenhai Refining ＆ Chemical Company in Ningbo participated in the cross-sectional survey with a questionnaire and blood samples. Results A total of 10 405 individuals attended for screening. Using biochemical definitions 95.5% were euthyroid. The prevalence of former diagnosed hyperthyroidism was 1.1% in females and 0.4% in males, hypothyroidism 1.7% and 0.3%, and thyroid surgery 1.2% and 0.3%, respectively. In both sex the prevalence increased with age. Twenty-four percent of individuals with thyroid surgery or medications had abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH） levels. In individuals without a history of thyroid disease, the prevalence of pathological TSH values in females and males were TSH 〉10 mU/L 0.60% and 0.29%; TSH 4.8-9.9 mU/L 5.71% and 2.25%; TSH 〈0.3 mU/L 0.87% and 0.41%, respectively. Overt hyper- and hypothyroidism were uncommon （0.2%, 0.3%, respectively）. The prevalence of subclinical hyper- and hypothyroidism was 0.4% and 3.4%, respectively. Subclinical hypothyroidism was more common in females （male 2.4% vs. female 5.8%, P 〈0.001） and with increasing age （P 〈0.001）. Conclusions The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is 4.5% in the cohort. Among individuals with thyroid medications or surgery, only 75.7% were within the normal range of TSH. These results indicate that thyroid dysfunction is common in Chinese adults.
基金supported by the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (Grant No.IRT0734)the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( Grant Nos.10872098,10572063)the State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Grant No.0502)
文摘Three-dimensional motion equations of a marine Tethered Remotely Operated Vehicle （TROV） system with large elastic deformation and snap loads are formulated using the lumped parameter model. This formulation is simple and quite general in solving a wide range of offshore-related cable and pipeline problems using only three degrees of translational freedom for each computational nodes. The model is convenient in dealing with non-uniform features of the cable with low or even zero tension. The snap load that would damaged the sling is predicted by computing the dynamic tension and the instant configuration of the cable. This investigation may help avoid resonance, extend the cable life, reduce the test expense and avoid operating accidents.
基金Project supported by Research and Development Funds of Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China
文摘Object: The authors studied the influence of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on intracellular pH and signal transduction arising from cancer cell multiplication in laparoscopic tumor operation. Method: They set up a simulation of pneumoperitoneum under different CO2 pressure, and then measured the variation of intracellular pH (pHi) at different time and the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) and protein phosphatase 2a (PP2a) at the end of the pneumoperitoneum. After 1 week, the concentration of cancer cells in the culture medium was calculated. Result: When the pressure of CO2 pneumoperitoneum was 0, 10, 20, 30 mmHg respectively, the average pHi was 7.273, 7.075, 6.783, 6.693 at the end of the pneumoperitoneum; PKC activity was 159.4, 168.5,178.0, 181.6 nmol/(g.min) and PP2a was 4158.3, 4066.9, 3984.0, 3878.5 nmol/(g.min) respectively. After 1 week, the cancer cells concentration was 2.15×105, 2.03×105, 2.20×105, 2.18×105 L-1. Conclusion: CO2 pneumoperitoneum could promote acidosis in cancer cells, inducing the activation of protein kinase C and deactivation of protein phosphatase 2a, but it could not accelerate the mitosis rate of the cancer cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81971247(to YL)Zhejiang Provincial Key R&D Plan 2020,No.2020C03064(to YL)+4 种基金Ningbo R&D Plan,No.20181ZDYF020172(to YL)National Social Science Foundation Key Programs,No.18ZDA215(to YL)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,No.LQ22H310001(to ZZS)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo,No.2021J101(to ZZS)Regular Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Zhejiang Province,No.Y202146346(to ZZS)。
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by sustained neuroinflammation leading to memory loss and cognitive decline.The past decade has witnessed tremendous efforts in Alzheimer’s disease research;however,no effective treatment is available to prevent disease progression.An increasing body of evidence suggests that neuroinflammation plays an important role in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis,alongside the classical pathological hallmarks such as misfolded and aggregated proteins(e.g.,amyloid-beta and tau).Firstly,this review summarized the clinical and pathological characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease.Secondly,we outlined key aspects of glial cell-associated inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis and provided the latest evidence on the roles of microglia and astrocytes in Alzheimer’s disease pathology.Then,we revealed the double-edged nature of inflammatory cytokines and inflammasomes in Alzheimer’s disease.In addition,the potential therapeutic roles of innate immunity and neuroinflammation for Alzheimer’s disease were also discussed through these mechanisms.In the final section,the remaining key problems according to the current research status were discussed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1703105)the Zhejiang Provincial Key R&D Program of China(No.2019C02074)。
文摘Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),a highly nutritious and functional fruit,is reported to have various health benefits and has been extensively planted worldwide,especially in China.Many studies have shown that bioactive components derived from jujube fruit have significant nutritional and potential biological effects.In this paper,the latest progress in research on major bioactive compounds obtained from jujube is reviewed,and the potential biological functions of jujube fruit resources are discussed.As a dietary supplement,jujube fruit is well recognized as a healthy food which contains a variety of bioactive substances,such as polysaccharides,polyphenols,amino acids,nucleotides,fatty acids,dietary fiber,alkaloids,and other nutrients.These nutrients and non-nutritive phytochemicals obtained from jujube fruit have physiological functions including anticancer,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-hyperlipidemic,anti-hyperglycemic,immunoregulatory,neuroprotective,sedative,and antiviral functions.Of note is that new constituents,including alkaloids,dietary fiber,and other bioactive substances,as well as the antiviral,hypoglycemic,lipid-lowering,and neuroprotective effects of jujube fruit,are systematically reviewed here for the first time.Meanwhile,problems affecting the exploitation of jujube fruit resources are discussed and further research directions proposed.Therefore,this review provides a useful bibliography for the future development of jujube-based products and the utilization of jujube nutritional components in functional foods.
