The severity of the hot and humid conditions to which miners are exposed increases as the depth of the work site increases.This can cause heat stress that can greatly affect the health and safety of workers.To resolve...The severity of the hot and humid conditions to which miners are exposed increases as the depth of the work site increases.This can cause heat stress that can greatly affect the health and safety of workers.To resolve this,a cooling garment has been developed that uses an atmospheric discharge of liquid CO2 to create a cool microclimate with an average temperature of 12.5(±0.4)℃ beneath the garment.To evaluate the garment's cooling efficiency,19 male subjects participated in an experimental procedure.The two modes,cooling on and off,were compared.Significant physiological differences were found between the two modes after minute 27(p<0.05)until the end of the recovery phase for the heart rate(maximum difference of 10 beats per minute)and the internal body temperature(maximum difference of 0.33℃).It was found that the modes also affected the subjects'perceptions.The ON-mode was associated with better well-being and thermal comfort,and reduced humidity sensation.Perceptions of exertion were lower in the ON-mode condition from minute 2.The findings provide strong evidence of the ability of this cooling garment to reduce heat stress in hot and humid conditions similar to those encountered in deep mines.展开更多
Patients with burn scars often experience functional problems because of scar contractures. Surgical treatment may be indicated for those burn scar contractures. If the contractures are small and linear, the contracti...Patients with burn scars often experience functional problems because of scar contractures. Surgical treatment may be indicated for those burn scar contractures. If the contractures are small and linear, the contraction bands can be treated with local transposition flaps like the Z-plasty. Broader, diffuse contractures are more challenging and require a different surgical approach, such as the use of local tissue. The use of perforator-based flaps is promising;however, their true clinical significance for this type of burn reconstructions still needs to be determined. Therefore, we performed a review to evaluate the role of perforator-based flaps for burn scar contracture treatment. Electronic databases were searched using a predefined search strategy. Studies evaluating the long-term outcome of perforator-based flaps for the treatment of burn scar contractures were included. The methodological quality was tested and data was summarized. Five hundred and ten papers were identified of which eleven met the inclusion criteria. One study was a randomized controlled trial;ten were cohort studies of a pre-postoperative design. The papers described outcomes of free flaps and local flaps. Most studies had methodological shortcomings and used inappropriate statistical methods. Perforator-based interposition flaps appear to be highly relevant for burn scar contracture treatment. However, due to the paucity and low quality of the studies that were assessed, no definitive conclusions about the true clinical significance could be reached. And therefore, only recommendations could be given for improvement of the quality of further primary research on the effectiveness of perforator-based flaps for burn scar contracture release.展开更多
Background Advances in cancer treatments,particularly the development of radiation therapy,have led to improvements in survival outcomes in children with brain tumors.However,radiation therapy is associated with signi...Background Advances in cancer treatments,particularly the development of radiation therapy,have led to improvements in survival outcomes in children with brain tumors.However,radiation therapy is associated with significant long-term neurocognitive morbidity.The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the neurocognitive outcomes of children and adolescents with brain tumors treated with photon radiation(XRT)or proton therapy(PBRT).Methods A systematic search was conducted(PubMed,Embase,Cochrane,and Web of Science from inception until 02/01/2022)for studies comparing the neurocognitive outcomes of children and adolescents with brain tumors treated with XRT vs.PBRT.The pooled mean differences(expressed as Z scores)were calculated using a random effects method for those endpoints analyzed by a minimum of three studies.Results Totally 10 studies(n=630 patients,average age range:1–20 years)met the inclusion criteria.Patients who had received PBRT achieved significantly higher scores(difference in Z scores ranging from 0.29–0.75,all P<0.05 and significant in sensitivity analyses)after treatment than those who had received XRT for most analyzed neurocognitive outcomes(i.e.,intelligence quotient,verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning indices,visual motor integration,and verbal memory).No robust significant differences(P>0.05 in main analyses or sensitivity analyses)were found for nonverbal memory,verbal working memory and working memory index,processing speed index,or focused attention.Conclusions Pediatric brain tumor patients who receive PBRT achieve significantly higher scores on most neurocognitive outcomes than those who receive XRT.Larger studies with long-term follow-ups are needed to confirm these results.展开更多
Accurate acceleration acquisition is a critical issue in the robotic exoskeleton system,but it is difficult to directly obtain the acceleration via the existing sensing systems.The existing algorithm-based acceleratio...Accurate acceleration acquisition is a critical issue in the robotic exoskeleton system,but it is difficult to directly obtain the acceleration via the existing sensing systems.The existing algorithm-based acceleration acquisition methods put more attention on finite-time convergence and disturbance suppression but ignore the error constraint and initial state irrelevant techniques.To this end,a novel radical bias function neural network(RBFNN)based fixed-time reconstruction scheme with error constraints is designed to realize high-performance acceleration estimation.In this scheme,a novel exponential-type barrier Lyapunov function is proposed to handle the error constraints.It also provides a unified and concise Lyapunov stability-proof template for constrained and non-constrained systems.Moreover,a fractional power sliding mode control law is designed to realize fixed-time convergence,where the convergence time is irrelevant to initial states or external disturbance,and depends only on the chosen parameters.To further enhance observer robustness,an RBFNN with the adaptive weight matrix is proposed to approximate and attenuate the completely unknown disturbances.Numerical simulation and human sub ject experimental results validate the unique properties and practical robustness.展开更多
Background: The high efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients is sometimes limited because of intolerance. Mandibular advancement devices (MAD) are prov...Background: The high efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients is sometimes limited because of intolerance. Mandibular advancement devices (MAD) are proven to be efficient in treating mild to moderate sleep apnea and snoring. We examined patients who had been treated in Community Dental Care with a titrable Herbst-type MAD. The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of sleep based on self report. Methods: A questionnaire was mailed to patients (n = 184) who had received treatment for OSA or snoring between 2007 and2010 inthe Helsinki Health Centre Oral Care Unit. The patients were referred to the clinic for primary treatment, or because another treatment modality had failed. Results: Of the respondents (n = 142, 78.4%), OSA had been diagnosed in 74%, while the MAD was applied for snoring to the remaining. Among all respondents, 78.4% had worn the MAD at least three nights per week. With the MAD in situ, sleep was felt significantly less disrupted (p < 0.001) and more restorative (p < 0.001), and snoring was markedly reduced (p < 0.001). Daytime tiredness was also markedly less frequent (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Treatment with a MAD improved perceived sleep quality and awoke alertness in mild and moderate OSA patients and in snorers. This study supports such treatment to be initiated and monitored in community dental care.展开更多
For the alkylation of benzene with long-chain olefins, using Hβzeolite catalyst as replacement of HF or AlCl3 has the advantages of no corrosion, less environmental pollution, and much more 2-phenyl isomer, which has...For the alkylation of benzene with long-chain olefins, using Hβzeolite catalyst as replacement of HF or AlCl3 has the advantages of no corrosion, less environmental pollution, and much more 2-phenyl isomer, which has the highest biodegradability and solubility, and better detergent properties among the related isomers. The characterization of the coke shows that the deactivation of catalyst is caused by the jam of bulkier molecules, such as naphthalene, indane and linear alkylbenzenes, which are too big to move quickly in the intracrystalline pores of catalyst. The deactivated catalyst can be regenerated by benzene washing at higher temperature. To make the processes of reaction and regeneration continuous, a novel moving bed reactor is developed. Comparing with the processes with fixed bed reactors, the processes in this work have the advantages of continuous operation, low temperature, low pressure, low mole ratio of benzene to olefins, and high weight hourly space velocity.展开更多
There are some similarities between the molecular Rydberg spectrum of benzene and the vibrational-electronic (vibronic) spectrum of benzene cation. In order to solve this quartercentury paradox in the Rydberg spectrum...There are some similarities between the molecular Rydberg spectrum of benzene and the vibrational-electronic (vibronic) spectrum of benzene cation. In order to solve this quartercentury paradox in the Rydberg spectrum and to make it easy to identify the Rydberg series observed recently, Whetten and Grant proposed an 'ideal Rydberg limit (hereafter referred to as WG), which is a very good starting point. In this model, the Rydberg electron is assumed to move in an average Coulomb field (?) and the molecular state is described by single product:展开更多
Background:Data on epidemiology, costs, and outcomes of burn-related injuries presenting at emergency departments (EDs) are scarce. To obtain such information, a questionnaire study with an adequate response rate is i...Background:Data on epidemiology, costs, and outcomes of burn-related injuries presenting at emergency departments (EDs) are scarce. To obtain such information, a questionnaire study with an adequate response rate is imperative. There is evidence that optimized strategies can increase patient participation. However, it is unclear whether this applies to burn patients in an ED setting. The objective of this feasibility study was to optimize and evaluate patient recruitment strategy and follow-up methods in patients with burn injuries presenting at EDs. Methods:In a prospective cohort study with a 6-month follow-up, patients with burn-related injuries attending two large EDs during a 3-month study period were included. Eligible patients were quasi-randomly allocated to a standard or optimized recruitment strategy by week of the ED visit. The standard recruitment strategy consisted of an invitation letter to participate, an informed consent form, a questionnaire, and a franked return envelope. The optimized recruitment strategy was complemented by a stamped returned envelope, monetary incentive, sending a second copy of the questionnaire, and a reminder by telephone in non-responders. Response rates were calculated, and questionnaires were used to assess treatment, costs, and health-related quality of life. Results:A total of 87 patients were included of which 85 were eligible for the follow-up study. There was a higher response rate at 2 months in the optimized versus the standard recruitment strategy (43.6%vs. 20.0%;OR=3.1 (95%CI 1.1–8.8)), although overall response is low. Non-response analyses showed no significant differences in patient, burn injury or treatment characteristics between responders versus non-responders. Conclusions:This study demonstrated that response rates can be increased with an optimized, but more labor-intensive recruitment strategy, although further optimization of recruitment and follow-up is needed. It is feasible to assess epidemiology, treatment, and costs after burn-related ED conta展开更多
The robot consists of a quadruped mechanism and two active dual-wheel casters possesses the advantages of wheeled and legged mechanism, and can quickly move on the relatively plane ground with the wheeled mechanism, a...The robot consists of a quadruped mechanism and two active dual-wheel casters possesses the advantages of wheeled and legged mechanism, and can quickly move on the relatively plane ground with the wheeled mechanism, and can walk on the extremely uneven terrain with the legged mechanism. The effectiveness of the motion design of the hybrid robot is iHustrated by simulation results.展开更多
Nowadays,most patients with severe burns will survive their injury.This evolution is accompanied by the challenge to cover a large percentage of total body surface area burned.Consequently,more and more patients have ...Nowadays,most patients with severe burns will survive their injury.This evolution is accompanied by the challenge to cover a large percentage of total body surface area burned.Consequently,more and more patients have to deal with the sequelae of burn scars and require(multiple)reconstructions.This review provides a gross overview of developments in the field of tissue engineering for permanent burn wound coverage and reconstructive burn surgery,focusing on usage and clinical effectiveness.Not only skin substitutes will be discussed but also the replacement of subcutaneous fat tissue and cartilage.展开更多
For the last 50 years,levodopa has been the cornerstone of Parkinson’s disease management.However,a majority of patients develop motor complications a few years after therapy onset.Deep brain stimulation has been app...For the last 50 years,levodopa has been the cornerstone of Parkinson’s disease management.However,a majority of patients develop motor complications a few years after therapy onset.Deep brain stimulation has been approved by the FDA as an adjunctive treatment in Parkinson disease,especially aimed at controlling these complications.However,the exact mechanism of action of deep brain stimulation,the best nucleus to target as well as the best timing for surgery are still debatable.We here provide an in-depth and critical review of the current literature on this topic.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effect of Malytea Scurfpea fruit (MSF) on adhesion and migration of melanocyte. Methods: Human epidermal melanocytes were treated with MSF and examined for its adhesion to bovine serum fi...Objective: To investigate the effect of Malytea Scurfpea fruit (MSF) on adhesion and migration of melanocyte. Methods: Human epidermal melanocytes were treated with MSF and examined for its adhesion to bovine serum fibronectin-coated culture plate and for its migration into micropore filters, which were then compared with those of untreated control. Results: Compared with the control, MSF treated melanocytes were easier to adhere to the dishes and move into the filters in a dose-dependent manner, but when the dose of MSF was higher than 150 μg/ml, the adhesion and migration could not be significantly increased. And it was noticed that when the concentrations of MSF was 10μg/ml, significant statistical difference did show between the migration of the treated and untreated melanocytes ( P<0.05) though the adhesion was not increased significantly. Conclusion: MSF had the ability to affect melanocyte adhesion and migration. This could explain, in part, the mechanism of MSF in curing vitiligo lesions.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of intensity and duration of training on physical capacity in a 7 weeks hand rim wheelchair training in able-bodied men. Thirty-six able-bodied men participated in ...The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of intensity and duration of training on physical capacity in a 7 weeks hand rim wheelchair training in able-bodied men. Thirty-six able-bodied men participated in three groups: a 30% heart rate reserve (HRR) 70 min training group (N = 14), a 70% HRR 30 minutes training group (N = 13) and a 30% HRR 30 minutes training group (N = 9). All groups trained 3 times per week for 7 weeks on a treadmill. Pre and post tests on a wheelchair ergometer comprised a submaximal test at 20% and 40% of the estimated peak power output, in which submaximal heart rate, oxygen uptake and mechanical efficiency were determined. In maximal exercise tests, maximal isometric strength, sprint power, peak power output and peak oxygen uptake were measured. No significant differences were found between the training groups on submaximal and maximal parameters. It can be concluded that, in persons new to wheelchair use, seven weeks of wheelchair endurance training at an intensity of 30% HRR for 30 minutes is as effective as a training at a higher intensity (70% HRR) or with a longer duration (70 min).展开更多
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Ever since Sabatini improved on the fixing method for the electron microscope with glutaradehyde instead of osmic acid and permanganate potassinm, the microtubules have been generally found in eukaryo...Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Ever since Sabatini improved on the fixing method for the electron microscope with glutaradehyde instead of osmic acid and permanganate potassinm, the microtubules have been generally found in eukaryocytes, as reported by Tilney and Heplar et al. A microtubule is a fine tubule of about 210—270 in diameter and it is an important cell organelle, supporting the cells and making them move. It is said to be 'the展开更多
Physical activity is consistently associated with reduced mortality,decreased risk for non-communicable diseases,and improved mental health in observational studies.Randomized controlled trials and observational Mende...Physical activity is consistently associated with reduced mortality,decreased risk for non-communicable diseases,and improved mental health in observational studies.Randomized controlled trials and observational Mendelian randomization studies support causal links between physical activity and health outcomes.However,the scarcity of evidence from randomized controlled trials,along with their inherent challenges like exposure contrasts,healthy volunteer biases,loss to follow-up,and limited real-world dose-response data,warrants a comprehensive approach.This review advocates synthesizing insights from diverse study designs to better understand the causal relationship between physical activity,mortality risk,and other health outcomes.Additionally,it summarizes recent research since the publication of current physical activity recommendations.Novel observational studies utilizing device-measured physical activity underscore the importance of every minute of activity and suggest that all intensity levels confer health benefits,with vigorous-intensity potentially requiring lower volumes for substantial benefits.Future guidelines,informed by device-measured physical activity studies,may offer refined age-specific recommendations,emphasize vigorous-intensity physical activity,and include daily step counts as a simple,easily assessable metric using commercial wearables.展开更多
基金funded by the Fonds de Recherche du QuébecNature et Technologies (FRQNT)
文摘The severity of the hot and humid conditions to which miners are exposed increases as the depth of the work site increases.This can cause heat stress that can greatly affect the health and safety of workers.To resolve this,a cooling garment has been developed that uses an atmospheric discharge of liquid CO2 to create a cool microclimate with an average temperature of 12.5(±0.4)℃ beneath the garment.To evaluate the garment's cooling efficiency,19 male subjects participated in an experimental procedure.The two modes,cooling on and off,were compared.Significant physiological differences were found between the two modes after minute 27(p<0.05)until the end of the recovery phase for the heart rate(maximum difference of 10 beats per minute)and the internal body temperature(maximum difference of 0.33℃).It was found that the modes also affected the subjects'perceptions.The ON-mode was associated with better well-being and thermal comfort,and reduced humidity sensation.Perceptions of exertion were lower in the ON-mode condition from minute 2.The findings provide strong evidence of the ability of this cooling garment to reduce heat stress in hot and humid conditions similar to those encountered in deep mines.
文摘Patients with burn scars often experience functional problems because of scar contractures. Surgical treatment may be indicated for those burn scar contractures. If the contractures are small and linear, the contraction bands can be treated with local transposition flaps like the Z-plasty. Broader, diffuse contractures are more challenging and require a different surgical approach, such as the use of local tissue. The use of perforator-based flaps is promising;however, their true clinical significance for this type of burn reconstructions still needs to be determined. Therefore, we performed a review to evaluate the role of perforator-based flaps for burn scar contracture treatment. Electronic databases were searched using a predefined search strategy. Studies evaluating the long-term outcome of perforator-based flaps for the treatment of burn scar contractures were included. The methodological quality was tested and data was summarized. Five hundred and ten papers were identified of which eleven met the inclusion criteria. One study was a randomized controlled trial;ten were cohort studies of a pre-postoperative design. The papers described outcomes of free flaps and local flaps. Most studies had methodological shortcomings and used inappropriate statistical methods. Perforator-based interposition flaps appear to be highly relevant for burn scar contracture treatment. However, due to the paucity and low quality of the studies that were assessed, no definitive conclusions about the true clinical significance could be reached. And therefore, only recommendations could be given for improvement of the quality of further primary research on the effectiveness of perforator-based flaps for burn scar contracture release.
基金Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature.This work was supported by a postdoctoral contract granted by Instituto de Salud Carlos III(Sara Borrell,CD21/00138 to PLV)Junta de Andalucia(PAIDI 2020,POSTDOC_21_00725 to JSM).
文摘Background Advances in cancer treatments,particularly the development of radiation therapy,have led to improvements in survival outcomes in children with brain tumors.However,radiation therapy is associated with significant long-term neurocognitive morbidity.The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the neurocognitive outcomes of children and adolescents with brain tumors treated with photon radiation(XRT)or proton therapy(PBRT).Methods A systematic search was conducted(PubMed,Embase,Cochrane,and Web of Science from inception until 02/01/2022)for studies comparing the neurocognitive outcomes of children and adolescents with brain tumors treated with XRT vs.PBRT.The pooled mean differences(expressed as Z scores)were calculated using a random effects method for those endpoints analyzed by a minimum of three studies.Results Totally 10 studies(n=630 patients,average age range:1–20 years)met the inclusion criteria.Patients who had received PBRT achieved significantly higher scores(difference in Z scores ranging from 0.29–0.75,all P<0.05 and significant in sensitivity analyses)after treatment than those who had received XRT for most analyzed neurocognitive outcomes(i.e.,intelligence quotient,verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning indices,visual motor integration,and verbal memory).No robust significant differences(P>0.05 in main analyses or sensitivity analyses)were found for nonverbal memory,verbal working memory and working memory index,processing speed index,or focused attention.Conclusions Pediatric brain tumor patients who receive PBRT achieve significantly higher scores on most neurocognitive outcomes than those who receive XRT.Larger studies with long-term follow-ups are needed to confirm these results.
基金Project supported by the Move Robotics Technology Co.,Ltd.the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51705163)。
文摘Accurate acceleration acquisition is a critical issue in the robotic exoskeleton system,but it is difficult to directly obtain the acceleration via the existing sensing systems.The existing algorithm-based acceleration acquisition methods put more attention on finite-time convergence and disturbance suppression but ignore the error constraint and initial state irrelevant techniques.To this end,a novel radical bias function neural network(RBFNN)based fixed-time reconstruction scheme with error constraints is designed to realize high-performance acceleration estimation.In this scheme,a novel exponential-type barrier Lyapunov function is proposed to handle the error constraints.It also provides a unified and concise Lyapunov stability-proof template for constrained and non-constrained systems.Moreover,a fractional power sliding mode control law is designed to realize fixed-time convergence,where the convergence time is irrelevant to initial states or external disturbance,and depends only on the chosen parameters.To further enhance observer robustness,an RBFNN with the adaptive weight matrix is proposed to approximate and attenuate the completely unknown disturbances.Numerical simulation and human sub ject experimental results validate the unique properties and practical robustness.
文摘Background: The high efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients is sometimes limited because of intolerance. Mandibular advancement devices (MAD) are proven to be efficient in treating mild to moderate sleep apnea and snoring. We examined patients who had been treated in Community Dental Care with a titrable Herbst-type MAD. The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of sleep based on self report. Methods: A questionnaire was mailed to patients (n = 184) who had received treatment for OSA or snoring between 2007 and2010 inthe Helsinki Health Centre Oral Care Unit. The patients were referred to the clinic for primary treatment, or because another treatment modality had failed. Results: Of the respondents (n = 142, 78.4%), OSA had been diagnosed in 74%, while the MAD was applied for snoring to the remaining. Among all respondents, 78.4% had worn the MAD at least three nights per week. With the MAD in situ, sleep was felt significantly less disrupted (p < 0.001) and more restorative (p < 0.001), and snoring was markedly reduced (p < 0.001). Daytime tiredness was also markedly less frequent (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Treatment with a MAD improved perceived sleep quality and awoke alertness in mild and moderate OSA patients and in snorers. This study supports such treatment to be initiated and monitored in community dental care.
文摘For the alkylation of benzene with long-chain olefins, using Hβzeolite catalyst as replacement of HF or AlCl3 has the advantages of no corrosion, less environmental pollution, and much more 2-phenyl isomer, which has the highest biodegradability and solubility, and better detergent properties among the related isomers. The characterization of the coke shows that the deactivation of catalyst is caused by the jam of bulkier molecules, such as naphthalene, indane and linear alkylbenzenes, which are too big to move quickly in the intracrystalline pores of catalyst. The deactivated catalyst can be regenerated by benzene washing at higher temperature. To make the processes of reaction and regeneration continuous, a novel moving bed reactor is developed. Comparing with the processes with fixed bed reactors, the processes in this work have the advantages of continuous operation, low temperature, low pressure, low mole ratio of benzene to olefins, and high weight hourly space velocity.
文摘There are some similarities between the molecular Rydberg spectrum of benzene and the vibrational-electronic (vibronic) spectrum of benzene cation. In order to solve this quartercentury paradox in the Rydberg spectrum and to make it easy to identify the Rydberg series observed recently, Whetten and Grant proposed an 'ideal Rydberg limit (hereafter referred to as WG), which is a very good starting point. In this model, the Rydberg electron is assumed to move in an average Coulomb field (?) and the molecular state is described by single product:
文摘Background:Data on epidemiology, costs, and outcomes of burn-related injuries presenting at emergency departments (EDs) are scarce. To obtain such information, a questionnaire study with an adequate response rate is imperative. There is evidence that optimized strategies can increase patient participation. However, it is unclear whether this applies to burn patients in an ED setting. The objective of this feasibility study was to optimize and evaluate patient recruitment strategy and follow-up methods in patients with burn injuries presenting at EDs. Methods:In a prospective cohort study with a 6-month follow-up, patients with burn-related injuries attending two large EDs during a 3-month study period were included. Eligible patients were quasi-randomly allocated to a standard or optimized recruitment strategy by week of the ED visit. The standard recruitment strategy consisted of an invitation letter to participate, an informed consent form, a questionnaire, and a franked return envelope. The optimized recruitment strategy was complemented by a stamped returned envelope, monetary incentive, sending a second copy of the questionnaire, and a reminder by telephone in non-responders. Response rates were calculated, and questionnaires were used to assess treatment, costs, and health-related quality of life. Results:A total of 87 patients were included of which 85 were eligible for the follow-up study. There was a higher response rate at 2 months in the optimized versus the standard recruitment strategy (43.6%vs. 20.0%;OR=3.1 (95%CI 1.1–8.8)), although overall response is low. Non-response analyses showed no significant differences in patient, burn injury or treatment characteristics between responders versus non-responders. Conclusions:This study demonstrated that response rates can be increased with an optimized, but more labor-intensive recruitment strategy, although further optimization of recruitment and follow-up is needed. It is feasible to assess epidemiology, treatment, and costs after burn-related ED conta
基金Sponsored by Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China(Grant No. 2001AA422380)
文摘The robot consists of a quadruped mechanism and two active dual-wheel casters possesses the advantages of wheeled and legged mechanism, and can quickly move on the relatively plane ground with the wheeled mechanism, and can walk on the extremely uneven terrain with the legged mechanism. The effectiveness of the motion design of the hybrid robot is iHustrated by simulation results.
文摘Nowadays,most patients with severe burns will survive their injury.This evolution is accompanied by the challenge to cover a large percentage of total body surface area burned.Consequently,more and more patients have to deal with the sequelae of burn scars and require(multiple)reconstructions.This review provides a gross overview of developments in the field of tissue engineering for permanent burn wound coverage and reconstructive burn surgery,focusing on usage and clinical effectiveness.Not only skin substitutes will be discussed but also the replacement of subcutaneous fat tissue and cartilage.
文摘For the last 50 years,levodopa has been the cornerstone of Parkinson’s disease management.However,a majority of patients develop motor complications a few years after therapy onset.Deep brain stimulation has been approved by the FDA as an adjunctive treatment in Parkinson disease,especially aimed at controlling these complications.However,the exact mechanism of action of deep brain stimulation,the best nucleus to target as well as the best timing for surgery are still debatable.We here provide an in-depth and critical review of the current literature on this topic.
基金This study was supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 30200247)
文摘Objective: To investigate the effect of Malytea Scurfpea fruit (MSF) on adhesion and migration of melanocyte. Methods: Human epidermal melanocytes were treated with MSF and examined for its adhesion to bovine serum fibronectin-coated culture plate and for its migration into micropore filters, which were then compared with those of untreated control. Results: Compared with the control, MSF treated melanocytes were easier to adhere to the dishes and move into the filters in a dose-dependent manner, but when the dose of MSF was higher than 150 μg/ml, the adhesion and migration could not be significantly increased. And it was noticed that when the concentrations of MSF was 10μg/ml, significant statistical difference did show between the migration of the treated and untreated melanocytes ( P<0.05) though the adhesion was not increased significantly. Conclusion: MSF had the ability to affect melanocyte adhesion and migration. This could explain, in part, the mechanism of MSF in curing vitiligo lesions.
文摘The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of intensity and duration of training on physical capacity in a 7 weeks hand rim wheelchair training in able-bodied men. Thirty-six able-bodied men participated in three groups: a 30% heart rate reserve (HRR) 70 min training group (N = 14), a 70% HRR 30 minutes training group (N = 13) and a 30% HRR 30 minutes training group (N = 9). All groups trained 3 times per week for 7 weeks on a treadmill. Pre and post tests on a wheelchair ergometer comprised a submaximal test at 20% and 40% of the estimated peak power output, in which submaximal heart rate, oxygen uptake and mechanical efficiency were determined. In maximal exercise tests, maximal isometric strength, sprint power, peak power output and peak oxygen uptake were measured. No significant differences were found between the training groups on submaximal and maximal parameters. It can be concluded that, in persons new to wheelchair use, seven weeks of wheelchair endurance training at an intensity of 30% HRR for 30 minutes is as effective as a training at a higher intensity (70% HRR) or with a longer duration (70 min).
文摘Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Ever since Sabatini improved on the fixing method for the electron microscope with glutaradehyde instead of osmic acid and permanganate potassinm, the microtubules have been generally found in eukaryocytes, as reported by Tilney and Heplar et al. A microtubule is a fine tubule of about 210—270 in diameter and it is an important cell organelle, supporting the cells and making them move. It is said to be 'the
文摘Physical activity is consistently associated with reduced mortality,decreased risk for non-communicable diseases,and improved mental health in observational studies.Randomized controlled trials and observational Mendelian randomization studies support causal links between physical activity and health outcomes.However,the scarcity of evidence from randomized controlled trials,along with their inherent challenges like exposure contrasts,healthy volunteer biases,loss to follow-up,and limited real-world dose-response data,warrants a comprehensive approach.This review advocates synthesizing insights from diverse study designs to better understand the causal relationship between physical activity,mortality risk,and other health outcomes.Additionally,it summarizes recent research since the publication of current physical activity recommendations.Novel observational studies utilizing device-measured physical activity underscore the importance of every minute of activity and suggest that all intensity levels confer health benefits,with vigorous-intensity potentially requiring lower volumes for substantial benefits.Future guidelines,informed by device-measured physical activity studies,may offer refined age-specific recommendations,emphasize vigorous-intensity physical activity,and include daily step counts as a simple,easily assessable metric using commercial wearables.
