Sexual selection favors conspicuous signals that animals can use to communicate with conspecifics and/or to attract mates.However,natural and sexual selection are often in opposition,as conspicuous sexual signals can ...Sexual selection favors conspicuous signals that animals can use to communicate with conspecifics and/or to attract mates.However,natural and sexual selection are often in opposition,as conspicuous sexual signals can also be detected by eavesdropping predators,forcing these signals to also evolve in light of natural selection(Andersson 1994).展开更多
A cellular model based on the Incrementally Modular Abstraction Hierarchy （IMAH） is a novel model that can represent the architecture of and changes in cyberworlds, preserving invariants from a general level to a sp...A cellular model based on the Incrementally Modular Abstraction Hierarchy （IMAH） is a novel model that can represent the architecture of and changes in cyberworlds, preserving invariants from a general level to a specific one. We have developed a data processing system called the Cellular Data System （CDS）. In the development of business applications, you can prevent combinatorial explosion in the process of business design and testing by using CDS. In this paper, we have first designed and implemented wide-use algebra on the presentation level. Next, we have developed and verified the effectiveness of two general business applications using CDS： 1） a customer information management system, and 2） an estimate system.展开更多
Although the outcome of newborns with surgical congenital diseases(e.g.,diaphragmatic hernia;esophageal atresia;omphalocele;gastroschisis) has improved rapidly with recent advances in perinatal intensive care and surg...Although the outcome of newborns with surgical congenital diseases(e.g.,diaphragmatic hernia;esophageal atresia;omphalocele;gastroschisis) has improved rapidly with recent advances in perinatal intensive care and surgery,infant survivors often require intensive treatment after birth,have prolonged hospitalizations,and,after discharge,may have longterm sequelae including gastro-intestinal comorbidities,above all,gastroesophageal reflux(GER).This condition involves the involuntary retrograde passage of gastric contents into the esophagus,with or without regurgitation or vomiting.It is a well-recognized condition,typical of infants,with an incidence of 85%,which usually resolves after physiological maturation of the lower esophageal sphincter and lengthening of the intra-abdominal esophagus,in the first few months after birth.Although the exact cause of abnormal esophageal function in congenital defects is not clearly understood,it has been hypothesized that common(increased intra-abdominal pressure after closure of the abdominal defect) and/or specific(e.g.,motility disturbance of the upper gastrointestinal tract,damage of esophageal peristaltic pump) pathological mechanisms may play a role in the etiology of GER in patients with birth defects.Improvement of knowledge could positively impact the long-term prognosis of patients with surgical congenital diseases.The present manuscript provides a literature review focused on pathological and clinical characteristics of GER in patients who have undergone surgical treatment for congenital abdominal malformations.展开更多
Introduction: The impact of sleep on student life is crucial, particularly for those in demanding fields such as medicine. This study examines the relationships between sleep patterns, academic performance, and social...Introduction: The impact of sleep on student life is crucial, particularly for those in demanding fields such as medicine. This study examines the relationships between sleep patterns, academic performance, and social integration among medical students, who often face irregular sleep cycles and sleep deprivation due to rigorous academic demands. Aim: This study aims to assess how sleep issues affect academic achievement and social relationships among medical students. Method: Data were collected from 215 medical students through surveys and academic records. Quantitative data provided insights into sleep quality and academic performance, while qualitative interviews explored the effects of sleep on social interactions. Results: The findings revealed a significant correlation between sleep quality and academic performance, with students reporting better sleep hygiene achieving higher grades. Qualitative data indicated that poor sleep negatively impacts social interactions, leading to feelings of isolation and reduced social participation. Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of promoting good sleep practices in medical schools to enhance academic success and social well-being. Interventions aimed at improving sleep quality may help reduce burnout and improve overall well-being among medical students. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to better understand the long-term effects of sleep on academic and social outcomes in this population.展开更多
A variety of techniques and materials for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of traumatized maxillary ridges prior to dental implants placement have been described in literature. Autogenous bone grafting is conside...A variety of techniques and materials for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of traumatized maxillary ridges prior to dental implants placement have been described in literature. Autogenous bone grafting is considered ideal by many researchers and it still remains the most predictable and documented method. The aim of this report is to underline the effectiveness of using allogeneic bone graft for managing maxillofacial trauma. A case of a 30-year-old male with severely atrophic maxillary ridge as a conse- quence of complex craniofacial injury is presented here. Augmentation procedure in two stages was performed using allogeneic and autogenous bone grafts in different areas of the osseous defect. Four months after grafting, during the implants placement surgery, samples of both sectors were withdrawn and submitted to histological evaluation. On the examination of the specimens, treated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, the morphology of integrated allogeneic bone grafts was revealed to be similar to the autologous bone. Our clinical experience shows how the allogeneic bone graft presented normal bone tissue architecture and is highly vascularized, and it can be used for reconstruction of severe trauma of the maxilla.展开更多
Current state of knowledge on the impact of emotions and perceptions of the population towards the risk of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 should be the basis for disease control measures as well as for community awaren...Current state of knowledge on the impact of emotions and perceptions of the population towards the risk of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 should be the basis for disease control measures as well as for community awareness programs. Due to differences in perceptions, concerns, culture, beliefs, different populations may react differently to the same challenges. Ninety adults were interviewed, without symptoms suggestive of SARS-CoV-2 infection, using the Romanian version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. The emotional reactions expressed by various psychotic or mental disorders, the main actions are taken to protect against the SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the hypothetical illness behavior were investigated. The total score, as well as each item of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, indicates a low-to-moderate emotional level regarding to the risk of coronavirus infection. The data are supported by the choice to be treated at home in case of illness. There are differences in perception between sexes and between professional categories (employees vs. retirees). Knowledge of social phenomena caused by major epidemiological crises such as SARS-CoV-2 infection should be the basis of education, disease prevention and control programs to avoid the occurrence of psychosocial risks in the population.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to discuss the risk of recurrence in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and emphasize the importance of risk-group stratification,early recurrence identification and application of ne...The aim of this paper is to discuss the risk of recurrence in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and emphasize the importance of risk-group stratification,early recurrence identification and application of new imaging modalities,what is the PET-CT.Moreover,follow-up of patients with thyroid carcinoma should be carried out by specialized teams throughout life.Therefore,interdisciplinary case discussions in tumor conferences may improve the use of multimodal therapy especially in patients with poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas.After baseline follow-up,if there is a suspicion of thyroid carcinoma,early PET-CT should be used for early detection and appropriate planning.Fortunately,due to the good localization possibility,the PET-CT enables a focused surgical procedure with avoidance of an unnecessary tumor search and thereby a reduction of the risk of injury of neighboring structures which is a concern with reoperative neck surgery.展开更多
Introduction: Sleep disorders are an important public health problem. In the case of young people, and especially students, due to both academic demands and social life, many situations can lead to sleep disturbances....Introduction: Sleep disorders are an important public health problem. In the case of young people, and especially students, due to both academic demands and social life, many situations can lead to sleep disturbances. Aim: To evaluate the quality of sleep in medical students and its relationships with technology addiction. Background: Current research indicates that the technology usage by the university students determined an impaired sleep quality and a shortened sleep duration. Method: One hundred eleven second-year students attending medical education were included in the study. Its dependent variable was low sleep quality and independent variables were behavioral factors, smartphone addiction, computer usage, watching TV and other questioned features. A sleep questionnaire to assess the sleep quality in medical students was provided to medical students. This study was conducted in the University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Romania. Results: The majority of medical students had shorter, irregular sleep duration and consumed energizing and stimulating drinks. Conclusions: In COVID-19 pandemic, the students’ tech addiction associated with the behavioral factors was found as risk factors for poor sleep quality.展开更多
AIM To investigate psychopathological correlates of child obesity via the Draw-A-Person test(DAP).METHODS The participants were 50 children with a mean age of 9.74 years.Body mass index(BMI) was used as a measure of b...AIM To investigate psychopathological correlates of child obesity via the Draw-A-Person test(DAP).METHODS The participants were 50 children with a mean age of 9.74 years.Body mass index(BMI) was used as a measure of body fat.Children were divided into normal(n = 17),overweight(n = 14) and obese(n = 19).Two qualitative methods of scoring the DAP based on an integrative approach were used to assess self-concept(ESW) and overall level of children's adjustment(EAC).A procedure for judging interpretative skills of clinicians was implemented before they evaluated children's drawings.RESULTS As predicted by our hypothesis,BMI was negatively correlated with ESW,r(50) =-0.29,P < 0.05,but not with EAC,r(50) =-0.08,P = ns.To evaluate the effect of gender,Pearson correlations were re-computedregrouping the sample accordingly:BMI and EAC reached a significant negative correlation in female subjects,r(24) =-0.36,P < 0.05,and a positive correlation in male subjects,r(26) = 0.37,P = < 0.05;negative correlation between BMI and ESW became stronger in females,r(24) =-0.51,P < 0.01 but not in males,whose correlation disappeared resulting not-significant,r(26) =-0.06,P = ns.No effect of age was found.Results indicate that obesity has a negative correlation exclusively on overall adjustment and self-concept in female children.CONCLUSION It was concluded that there is a negative bias toward females that reveals how the stigma of obesity is widespread in Western society.展开更多
基金This research was supported by the NSF Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation REU(HRD-1249135)(J.B.T.,B.J.P.,and L.S.)Binghamton University’s Summer Scholars Fellowship(K.L.W.).
文摘Sexual selection favors conspicuous signals that animals can use to communicate with conspecifics and/or to attract mates.However,natural and sexual selection are often in opposition,as conspicuous sexual signals can also be detected by eavesdropping predators,forcing these signals to also evolve in light of natural selection(Andersson 1994).
文摘A cellular model based on the Incrementally Modular Abstraction Hierarchy （IMAH） is a novel model that can represent the architecture of and changes in cyberworlds, preserving invariants from a general level to a specific one. We have developed a data processing system called the Cellular Data System （CDS）. In the development of business applications, you can prevent combinatorial explosion in the process of business design and testing by using CDS. In this paper, we have first designed and implemented wide-use algebra on the presentation level. Next, we have developed and verified the effectiveness of two general business applications using CDS： 1） a customer information management system, and 2） an estimate system.
文摘Although the outcome of newborns with surgical congenital diseases(e.g.,diaphragmatic hernia;esophageal atresia;omphalocele;gastroschisis) has improved rapidly with recent advances in perinatal intensive care and surgery,infant survivors often require intensive treatment after birth,have prolonged hospitalizations,and,after discharge,may have longterm sequelae including gastro-intestinal comorbidities,above all,gastroesophageal reflux(GER).This condition involves the involuntary retrograde passage of gastric contents into the esophagus,with or without regurgitation or vomiting.It is a well-recognized condition,typical of infants,with an incidence of 85%,which usually resolves after physiological maturation of the lower esophageal sphincter and lengthening of the intra-abdominal esophagus,in the first few months after birth.Although the exact cause of abnormal esophageal function in congenital defects is not clearly understood,it has been hypothesized that common(increased intra-abdominal pressure after closure of the abdominal defect) and/or specific(e.g.,motility disturbance of the upper gastrointestinal tract,damage of esophageal peristaltic pump) pathological mechanisms may play a role in the etiology of GER in patients with birth defects.Improvement of knowledge could positively impact the long-term prognosis of patients with surgical congenital diseases.The present manuscript provides a literature review focused on pathological and clinical characteristics of GER in patients who have undergone surgical treatment for congenital abdominal malformations.
文摘Introduction: The impact of sleep on student life is crucial, particularly for those in demanding fields such as medicine. This study examines the relationships between sleep patterns, academic performance, and social integration among medical students, who often face irregular sleep cycles and sleep deprivation due to rigorous academic demands. Aim: This study aims to assess how sleep issues affect academic achievement and social relationships among medical students. Method: Data were collected from 215 medical students through surveys and academic records. Quantitative data provided insights into sleep quality and academic performance, while qualitative interviews explored the effects of sleep on social interactions. Results: The findings revealed a significant correlation between sleep quality and academic performance, with students reporting better sleep hygiene achieving higher grades. Qualitative data indicated that poor sleep negatively impacts social interactions, leading to feelings of isolation and reduced social participation. Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of promoting good sleep practices in medical schools to enhance academic success and social well-being. Interventions aimed at improving sleep quality may help reduce burnout and improve overall well-being among medical students. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to better understand the long-term effects of sleep on academic and social outcomes in this population.
文摘A variety of techniques and materials for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of traumatized maxillary ridges prior to dental implants placement have been described in literature. Autogenous bone grafting is considered ideal by many researchers and it still remains the most predictable and documented method. The aim of this report is to underline the effectiveness of using allogeneic bone graft for managing maxillofacial trauma. A case of a 30-year-old male with severely atrophic maxillary ridge as a conse- quence of complex craniofacial injury is presented here. Augmentation procedure in two stages was performed using allogeneic and autogenous bone grafts in different areas of the osseous defect. Four months after grafting, during the implants placement surgery, samples of both sectors were withdrawn and submitted to histological evaluation. On the examination of the specimens, treated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, the morphology of integrated allogeneic bone grafts was revealed to be similar to the autologous bone. Our clinical experience shows how the allogeneic bone graft presented normal bone tissue architecture and is highly vascularized, and it can be used for reconstruction of severe trauma of the maxilla.
文摘Current state of knowledge on the impact of emotions and perceptions of the population towards the risk of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 should be the basis for disease control measures as well as for community awareness programs. Due to differences in perceptions, concerns, culture, beliefs, different populations may react differently to the same challenges. Ninety adults were interviewed, without symptoms suggestive of SARS-CoV-2 infection, using the Romanian version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. The emotional reactions expressed by various psychotic or mental disorders, the main actions are taken to protect against the SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the hypothetical illness behavior were investigated. The total score, as well as each item of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, indicates a low-to-moderate emotional level regarding to the risk of coronavirus infection. The data are supported by the choice to be treated at home in case of illness. There are differences in perception between sexes and between professional categories (employees vs. retirees). Knowledge of social phenomena caused by major epidemiological crises such as SARS-CoV-2 infection should be the basis of education, disease prevention and control programs to avoid the occurrence of psychosocial risks in the population.
文摘The aim of this paper is to discuss the risk of recurrence in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and emphasize the importance of risk-group stratification,early recurrence identification and application of new imaging modalities,what is the PET-CT.Moreover,follow-up of patients with thyroid carcinoma should be carried out by specialized teams throughout life.Therefore,interdisciplinary case discussions in tumor conferences may improve the use of multimodal therapy especially in patients with poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas.After baseline follow-up,if there is a suspicion of thyroid carcinoma,early PET-CT should be used for early detection and appropriate planning.Fortunately,due to the good localization possibility,the PET-CT enables a focused surgical procedure with avoidance of an unnecessary tumor search and thereby a reduction of the risk of injury of neighboring structures which is a concern with reoperative neck surgery.
文摘Introduction: Sleep disorders are an important public health problem. In the case of young people, and especially students, due to both academic demands and social life, many situations can lead to sleep disturbances. Aim: To evaluate the quality of sleep in medical students and its relationships with technology addiction. Background: Current research indicates that the technology usage by the university students determined an impaired sleep quality and a shortened sleep duration. Method: One hundred eleven second-year students attending medical education were included in the study. Its dependent variable was low sleep quality and independent variables were behavioral factors, smartphone addiction, computer usage, watching TV and other questioned features. A sleep questionnaire to assess the sleep quality in medical students was provided to medical students. This study was conducted in the University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Romania. Results: The majority of medical students had shorter, irregular sleep duration and consumed energizing and stimulating drinks. Conclusions: In COVID-19 pandemic, the students’ tech addiction associated with the behavioral factors was found as risk factors for poor sleep quality.
文摘AIM To investigate psychopathological correlates of child obesity via the Draw-A-Person test(DAP).METHODS The participants were 50 children with a mean age of 9.74 years.Body mass index(BMI) was used as a measure of body fat.Children were divided into normal(n = 17),overweight(n = 14) and obese(n = 19).Two qualitative methods of scoring the DAP based on an integrative approach were used to assess self-concept(ESW) and overall level of children's adjustment(EAC).A procedure for judging interpretative skills of clinicians was implemented before they evaluated children's drawings.RESULTS As predicted by our hypothesis,BMI was negatively correlated with ESW,r(50) =-0.29,P < 0.05,but not with EAC,r(50) =-0.08,P = ns.To evaluate the effect of gender,Pearson correlations were re-computedregrouping the sample accordingly:BMI and EAC reached a significant negative correlation in female subjects,r(24) =-0.36,P < 0.05,and a positive correlation in male subjects,r(26) = 0.37,P = < 0.05;negative correlation between BMI and ESW became stronger in females,r(24) =-0.51,P < 0.01 but not in males,whose correlation disappeared resulting not-significant,r(26) =-0.06,P = ns.No effect of age was found.Results indicate that obesity has a negative correlation exclusively on overall adjustment and self-concept in female children.CONCLUSION It was concluded that there is a negative bias toward females that reveals how the stigma of obesity is widespread in Western society.
