Catalases are well studied enzymes that play critical roles in protecting cells against the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.The ubiquity of the enzyme and the availability of substrates made heme catalases the focu...Catalases are well studied enzymes that play critical roles in protecting cells against the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.The ubiquity of the enzyme and the availability of substrates made heme catalases the focus of many biochemical and molecular biology studies over 100 years.In human,this has been implicated in various physiological and pathological conditions.Advancement in proteomics revealed many of novel and previously unknown features of this mysterious enzyme,but some functional aspects are yet to be explained.Along with discussion on future research area,this mini-review compile the information available on the structure,function and mechanism of action of human catalase.展开更多
Objective:To characterize the bacterial pathogens in patients having gram negative septicaemia. Further,to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance and underlying molecular mechanisms in these strains.Methods:A total num...Objective:To characterize the bacterial pathogens in patients having gram negative septicaemia. Further,to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance and underlying molecular mechanisms in these strains.Methods:A total number of 70 cases of gram negative sepsis were included in this prospective,open labeled,observational study.Standard methods for isolation and identification of bacteria were used.Antimicrobial susceptibility and ESBL testing was performed by the standard disc diffusion method.PCR amplification was performed to identify bla<sub>CTX-M</sub>,bla<sub>SHV</sub>and bla<sub>TEM</sub> type ESBLs.Conjugation experiments were performed to show resistant marker transfer. Results:The most prevalent isolates Escherichia coli（E.coli） 58.6%,Klebsiella Spp.32.9%and Pseudomonas 8.6%,were resistant to most of the antimicrobials including cefazolin,ceftriaxone, cefuroxime,ampicillin and co-trimoxazole but sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.ESBL and MBL production was seen 7.3%and 12.2%of E.coli isolates respectively.Three isoaltes were found to have bla<sub>CTX-M-15</sub> and two of them also showed bla<sub>TEM-1</sub> type enxyme.Whereas, none of them showed bla<sub>SHV</sub>.Conjugation experiments using J-53 cells confirmed these resistant markers as plasmid mediated.Conclusions:This work highlights the molecular epidemiology of escalating antimicrobial resistance and likely switch over of bla<sub>CTX-M-15</sub> type extended spectrum beta-lactamases by bla<sub>TEM</sub> type ESBLs in India.Further,the antimicrobial resistance by horizontal gene transfer was predominant among Enterobacteraceae in the community setting.展开更多
Epiphyseal injuries of distal femur are rare with an incidence of 1%—6% among all physeal injuries. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate surgical treatment is crucial to achieve satisfactory functional outcomes. A conjoi...Epiphyseal injuries of distal femur are rare with an incidence of 1%—6% among all physeal injuries. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate surgical treatment is crucial to achieve satisfactory functional outcomes. A conjoint bicondylar coronal split (Hoffa) fracture with complete transaction of ipsilateral patellar tendon has been reported in a 12 year old child. The injury was managed by open reduction and internal fixation and bone to ten don repair. This case emphasizes the need of accurate intraepiphyseal fixation for the management of these fractures in skeletally immature patients.展开更多
Objective:To determine the prevalence of malaria in Aligarh and analyze species dominance in different years over a decade.Methods:Diagnosis of malaria was done using microscopy as gold standard,rapid antigen detectio...Objective:To determine the prevalence of malaria in Aligarh and analyze species dominance in different years over a decade.Methods:Diagnosis of malaria was done using microscopy as gold standard,rapid antigen detection assays and quantitative buffy coat(QBC) assays.Giemsa stained blood smear examination was done,thick and thin films were examined for presence of different Plasmodium spp.Rapid antigen detection assays employing detection of HRP-2 and parasite lactate dehydrogenase antigen(pLDH) by immunochromatography was done in patients whose blood smear found to be negative by conventional Giemsa slide examination.QBC was done in cases where there is strong clinical suspicion of malaria with blood smear negative,in patients with chronic malaria,splenomegaly,or in those patients who had inadequate treatment and for post-treatment follow up.Results:Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum were only species detected in our hospital.Overall prevalence of malaria in Aligarh was found to be 8.8%.The maximum prevalence of 20.1%was observed in year 2008 and lowest 2.3%in 2002. Conclusions:High prevalence of malaria is observed in this part of country with dominance of both species particularly Plasmodium falciparum should be monitored and factors accounting for occurrence should be studied to employ effective control measures.展开更多
Title compounds 2′,2′-dimethylcholesta-2,4-dien[3,2-b]-pyran-4′-one （3）, 2′,2′-dimethyl-3β-substituted cholesta-4,6-dien[7,6- b]-pyran-4′-one （6a,b） and （6c） were prepared by the cyclization of 2-acetylch...Title compounds 2′,2′-dimethylcholesta-2,4-dien[3,2-b]-pyran-4′-one （3）, 2′,2′-dimethyl-3β-substituted cholesta-4,6-dien[7,6- b]-pyran-4′-one （6a,b） and （6c） were prepared by the cyclization of 2-acetylcholesta-2,4-dien-3-ol （2）, 6-acetyl-3β-substituted- cholesta-4,6-dien-7-ol （Sa,b） and （5c） respectively, with pyrrolidine, dry benzene and dry acetone using Dean Stark separator through conventional heating. Furthermore, compounds were also found to be active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.展开更多
文摘Catalases are well studied enzymes that play critical roles in protecting cells against the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.The ubiquity of the enzyme and the availability of substrates made heme catalases the focus of many biochemical and molecular biology studies over 100 years.In human,this has been implicated in various physiological and pathological conditions.Advancement in proteomics revealed many of novel and previously unknown features of this mysterious enzyme,but some functional aspects are yet to be explained.Along with discussion on future research area,this mini-review compile the information available on the structure,function and mechanism of action of human catalase.
基金supported by internal funds of Biotechnology Unit.AMU and DBT grant,BT/PR11453/BID/07/296/2009 to AUK
文摘Objective:To characterize the bacterial pathogens in patients having gram negative septicaemia. Further,to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance and underlying molecular mechanisms in these strains.Methods:A total number of 70 cases of gram negative sepsis were included in this prospective,open labeled,observational study.Standard methods for isolation and identification of bacteria were used.Antimicrobial susceptibility and ESBL testing was performed by the standard disc diffusion method.PCR amplification was performed to identify bla<sub>CTX-M</sub>,bla<sub>SHV</sub>and bla<sub>TEM</sub> type ESBLs.Conjugation experiments were performed to show resistant marker transfer. Results:The most prevalent isolates Escherichia coli（E.coli） 58.6%,Klebsiella Spp.32.9%and Pseudomonas 8.6%,were resistant to most of the antimicrobials including cefazolin,ceftriaxone, cefuroxime,ampicillin and co-trimoxazole but sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.ESBL and MBL production was seen 7.3%and 12.2%of E.coli isolates respectively.Three isoaltes were found to have bla<sub>CTX-M-15</sub> and two of them also showed bla<sub>TEM-1</sub> type enxyme.Whereas, none of them showed bla<sub>SHV</sub>.Conjugation experiments using J-53 cells confirmed these resistant markers as plasmid mediated.Conclusions:This work highlights the molecular epidemiology of escalating antimicrobial resistance and likely switch over of bla<sub>CTX-M-15</sub> type extended spectrum beta-lactamases by bla<sub>TEM</sub> type ESBLs in India.Further,the antimicrobial resistance by horizontal gene transfer was predominant among Enterobacteraceae in the community setting.
文摘Epiphyseal injuries of distal femur are rare with an incidence of 1%—6% among all physeal injuries. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate surgical treatment is crucial to achieve satisfactory functional outcomes. A conjoint bicondylar coronal split (Hoffa) fracture with complete transaction of ipsilateral patellar tendon has been reported in a 12 year old child. The injury was managed by open reduction and internal fixation and bone to ten don repair. This case emphasizes the need of accurate intraepiphyseal fixation for the management of these fractures in skeletally immature patients.
基金financial help from SERC Fast Track Scheme,Department of science and Technology (DST),New Delhi,India
文摘Objective:To determine the prevalence of malaria in Aligarh and analyze species dominance in different years over a decade.Methods:Diagnosis of malaria was done using microscopy as gold standard,rapid antigen detection assays and quantitative buffy coat(QBC) assays.Giemsa stained blood smear examination was done,thick and thin films were examined for presence of different Plasmodium spp.Rapid antigen detection assays employing detection of HRP-2 and parasite lactate dehydrogenase antigen(pLDH) by immunochromatography was done in patients whose blood smear found to be negative by conventional Giemsa slide examination.QBC was done in cases where there is strong clinical suspicion of malaria with blood smear negative,in patients with chronic malaria,splenomegaly,or in those patients who had inadequate treatment and for post-treatment follow up.Results:Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum were only species detected in our hospital.Overall prevalence of malaria in Aligarh was found to be 8.8%.The maximum prevalence of 20.1%was observed in year 2008 and lowest 2.3%in 2002. Conclusions:High prevalence of malaria is observed in this part of country with dominance of both species particularly Plasmodium falciparum should be monitored and factors accounting for occurrence should be studied to employ effective control measures.
文摘Title compounds 2′,2′-dimethylcholesta-2,4-dien[3,2-b]-pyran-4′-one （3）, 2′,2′-dimethyl-3β-substituted cholesta-4,6-dien[7,6- b]-pyran-4′-one （6a,b） and （6c） were prepared by the cyclization of 2-acetylcholesta-2,4-dien-3-ol （2）, 6-acetyl-3β-substituted- cholesta-4,6-dien-7-ol （Sa,b） and （5c） respectively, with pyrrolidine, dry benzene and dry acetone using Dean Stark separator through conventional heating. Furthermore, compounds were also found to be active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
