Purpose Considerable advances in the fundamental knowledge and applications of radiation science have led to significant progress and development of room-temperature semiconductor radiation detectors(RTSD).The RTSDs t...Purpose Considerable advances in the fundamental knowledge and applications of radiation science have led to significant progress and development of room-temperature semiconductor radiation detectors(RTSD).The RTSDs technologies are continuously evolving with accelerated research and material engineering in the last decade.Significant scientific and technological advancements have led to development of high-performance radiation detectors with high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),better sensitivity,faster response and higher-resolution with capability of desired room-temperature operation.This paper is a review on emerging semiconductor radiation detector materials with a deeper insight into the prospective role of Bismuth tri-iodide(BiI_(3))for room-temperature radiation detectors.Methods An introduction of the state of art of most developed semiconductor materials,i.e.,cadmium telluride(CdTe),mercury iodide(HgI_(2)),lead iodide(PbI_(2)),etc.,and a critical examination of properties,shortcomings and challenges related to their synthesis have been elaborated.Polymer-semiconductor composites with desirable properties and their integration into detector devices is also presented.Subsequent sections discuss the role of BiI_(3) as an emerging radiation detector material for room-temperature operation with an in-depth discussion on the role of defects in charge transportation and electrode configuration.Furthermore,the current challenges along with the future prospects of these materials for radiation detection to promote continuous innovation and practical applications are also elaborated.Conclusion The comprehensive review on latest developments in room-temperature radiation detector materials is expected to help establish a technological roadmap for the synthesis,fabrication and commercialization of novel materials for development of efficient radiation detectors.展开更多
In this paper, necessary optimality conditions for a class of Semi-infinite Variational Problems are established which are further generalized to a class of Multi-objective Semi-Infinite Variational Problems. These co...In this paper, necessary optimality conditions for a class of Semi-infinite Variational Problems are established which are further generalized to a class of Multi-objective Semi-Infinite Variational Problems. These conditions are responsible for the development of duality theory which is an extremely important feature for any class of problems, but the literature available so far lacks these necessary optimality conditions for the stated problem. A lemma is also proved to find the topological dual of as it is required to prove the desired result.展开更多
In this paper,we explore a class of interval-valued programming problem where constraints are interval-valued and infinite.Necessary optimality conditions are derived.Notion of generalized(Φ,ρ)−invexity is utilized ...In this paper,we explore a class of interval-valued programming problem where constraints are interval-valued and infinite.Necessary optimality conditions are derived.Notion of generalized(Φ,ρ)−invexity is utilized to establish sufficient optimality conditions.Further,two duals,namely Wolfe and Mond–Weir,are proposed for which duality results are proved.展开更多
The notion of higher-order B-type I functional is introduced in this paper.This notion is utilized to study optimality and duality for multiobjective semi-infinite variational problem in which the index set of inequal...The notion of higher-order B-type I functional is introduced in this paper.This notion is utilized to study optimality and duality for multiobjective semi-infinite variational problem in which the index set of inequality constraints is an infinite set.The concept of efficiency is used as a tool for optimization.Mond–Weir type of dual is proposed for which weak,strong,and strict converse duality theorems are proved to relate efficient solutions of primal and dual problems.展开更多
In the present paper the definition of invexity for continuous functions is extended to invexity of order m which is further generalized to ρ-pseudoinvexity type I of order m, ρ-pseudoinvexity type II of order m, as...In the present paper the definition of invexity for continuous functions is extended to invexity of order m which is further generalized to ρ-pseudoinvexity type I of order m, ρ-pseudoinvexity type II of order m, as well as ρ-quasi invexity type I of order m and ρ-quasiinvexity type II of order m. The central objective of the paper is to study variational problem where the functionals involved satisfy the above stated generalized ρ-invexity assumptions of order m. Wolfe type and Mond Weir type of duals are formulated. Sufficient optimality conditions and duality results are proved. It is demonstrated with the help of an example that the class of ρ-invex functionals of order m is more general than the class of ρ-invex functionals. Further, it may be noted that the results presented in this paper are more powerful than the existing results as this new class of functions defined here satisfies mth derivative test.展开更多
文摘Purpose Considerable advances in the fundamental knowledge and applications of radiation science have led to significant progress and development of room-temperature semiconductor radiation detectors(RTSD).The RTSDs technologies are continuously evolving with accelerated research and material engineering in the last decade.Significant scientific and technological advancements have led to development of high-performance radiation detectors with high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),better sensitivity,faster response and higher-resolution with capability of desired room-temperature operation.This paper is a review on emerging semiconductor radiation detector materials with a deeper insight into the prospective role of Bismuth tri-iodide(BiI_(3))for room-temperature radiation detectors.Methods An introduction of the state of art of most developed semiconductor materials,i.e.,cadmium telluride(CdTe),mercury iodide(HgI_(2)),lead iodide(PbI_(2)),etc.,and a critical examination of properties,shortcomings and challenges related to their synthesis have been elaborated.Polymer-semiconductor composites with desirable properties and their integration into detector devices is also presented.Subsequent sections discuss the role of BiI_(3) as an emerging radiation detector material for room-temperature operation with an in-depth discussion on the role of defects in charge transportation and electrode configuration.Furthermore,the current challenges along with the future prospects of these materials for radiation detection to promote continuous innovation and practical applications are also elaborated.Conclusion The comprehensive review on latest developments in room-temperature radiation detector materials is expected to help establish a technological roadmap for the synthesis,fabrication and commercialization of novel materials for development of efficient radiation detectors.
文摘In this paper, necessary optimality conditions for a class of Semi-infinite Variational Problems are established which are further generalized to a class of Multi-objective Semi-Infinite Variational Problems. These conditions are responsible for the development of duality theory which is an extremely important feature for any class of problems, but the literature available so far lacks these necessary optimality conditions for the stated problem. A lemma is also proved to find the topological dual of as it is required to prove the desired result.
基金Bharti Sharma was supported by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research,Senior Research Fellowship,India(No.09/045(1350)/2014-EMR-1)Jyoti Dagar was supported by University Grant Commission Non-NET research fellowship,India(No.Non-NET/139/Ext-136/2014).
文摘In this paper,we explore a class of interval-valued programming problem where constraints are interval-valued and infinite.Necessary optimality conditions are derived.Notion of generalized(Φ,ρ)−invexity is utilized to establish sufficient optimality conditions.Further,two duals,namely Wolfe and Mond–Weir,are proposed for which duality results are proved.
基金Jyoti was supported by University Grant Commission Non-NET research fellowship,India(No.Schs/Non-NET/139/Ext-142/2015-16/1931).
文摘The notion of higher-order B-type I functional is introduced in this paper.This notion is utilized to study optimality and duality for multiobjective semi-infinite variational problem in which the index set of inequality constraints is an infinite set.The concept of efficiency is used as a tool for optimization.Mond–Weir type of dual is proposed for which weak,strong,and strict converse duality theorems are proved to relate efficient solutions of primal and dual problems.
文摘In the present paper the definition of invexity for continuous functions is extended to invexity of order m which is further generalized to ρ-pseudoinvexity type I of order m, ρ-pseudoinvexity type II of order m, as well as ρ-quasi invexity type I of order m and ρ-quasiinvexity type II of order m. The central objective of the paper is to study variational problem where the functionals involved satisfy the above stated generalized ρ-invexity assumptions of order m. Wolfe type and Mond Weir type of duals are formulated. Sufficient optimality conditions and duality results are proved. It is demonstrated with the help of an example that the class of ρ-invex functionals of order m is more general than the class of ρ-invex functionals. Further, it may be noted that the results presented in this paper are more powerful than the existing results as this new class of functions defined here satisfies mth derivative test.
