Articular cartilage,which is exposed to continuous repetitive compressive stress,has limited self-healing capacity in the case of trauma.Thus,it is crucial to develop new treatment options for the effective regenerati...Articular cartilage,which is exposed to continuous repetitive compressive stress,has limited self-healing capacity in the case of trauma.Thus,it is crucial to develop new treatment options for the effective regeneration of the cartilage tissue.Current cellular therapy treatment options are microfracture and autologous chondrocyte implantation;however,these treatments induce the formation of fibrous cartilage,which degenerates over time,rather than functional hyaline cartilage tissue.Tissue engineering studies using biodegradable scaffolds and autologous cells are vital for developing an effective long-term treatment option.3D scaffolds composed of glycosaminoglycan-like peptide nanofibers are synthetic,bioactive,biocompatible,and biodegradable and trigger cell-cell interactions that enhance chondrogenic differentiation of cells without using any growth factors.We showed differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes in both 2D and 3D culture,which produce a functional cartilage extracellular matrix,employing bioactive cues integrated into the peptide nanofiber scaffold without adding exogenous growth factors.展开更多
Background: In the last 6 months, cases of acute hemorrhagic fever (AHF) have been recorded in Sao Tome and Principe (STP). Objective: To identify the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory parameters associated wit...Background: In the last 6 months, cases of acute hemorrhagic fever (AHF) have been recorded in Sao Tome and Principe (STP). Objective: To identify the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory parameters associated with AHF cases found in patients hospitalized in STP. Methods: Descriptive and quantitative analysis of AHF cases hospitalized in STP in the period December 2021 to May 19, 2022 through the variables: demographic data;clinical data;laboratory data and clinical outcome. Results: Analyzed 18 of 22 AHF cases, 50% of them male, mean age 33.7 years, 85.7% residing in the 2 largest districts of the country, 66.7% rural workers, administrative near maritime areas, sailors and domestics. 66.7% were healthy individuals. ≥50% had a fever, asthenia/weakness, myalgia, headache, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. 22.2% to 33.3% had retro-orbital pain, abdominal pain, decreased consciousness, dyspnea/hypoxia, and cough. In a smaller register (5.6% - 11.1%), exanthema, convulsion, arthralgia, low back pain, chills, and chest pain. Bleeding from the digestive tract was found in 72.2%, followed by vaginal (33.3%), urethral (27.8%), nasal (22.2%), and oral (16.7%). 50% had laboratory confirmation for dengue, and another 50% with suspected clinical diagnosis without laboratory confirmation of the etiologic agent. Despite hemorrhage, 66.7% of confirmed cases were hemodynamically non-severe, and 88.9% of suspected cases were severe. Coinfection with malaria is evidenced in 11.1% of cases. 72.2% recovered and 27.8% died (deaths in 55.5% of suspected cases). Case deaths were male (100%), resident foreigners (40%), tool store employees, sailors and students, healthy (80%), and residing in the largest district in the country (60%). All deaths were hospitalized in serious condition, 80% were hospitalized for hemorrhage and shock, with bleeding arising between day 4 - 5 of illness in 60% and hospitalization on day 5 of illness. 60% died within ≤24 hours of hospitalization. 80% died from shock and multi-organ dysfunctio展开更多
Il presente articolo elenca le segnalazioni di specie ornitiche più interessanti della provin-cia di Brescia, relative agli anni 1986-1988 compresi, e 1989. Sono escluse da tale rapporto notizie riguar-danti le n...Il presente articolo elenca le segnalazioni di specie ornitiche più interessanti della provin-cia di Brescia, relative agli anni 1986-1988 compresi, e 1989. Sono escluse da tale rapporto notizie riguar-danti le nidificazioni, gli svernamenti già compresi nei rispettivi Atlanti 1984-85; 1987-88 e i dati giàpubblicati su riviste specialistiche. 1986-1989 ornithological report for the province of Brescia (Northern Italy). This paperdeals with the more interesting bird species observed between 1986 and 1989 in the province of Brescia.The article does not include the wintering and breeding species already reported from other journals.展开更多
The pointwise estimates of the deviation Tn,A,Bf（·） -- f（·） in terms of moduli of continuity w. f and w. f there are proved. Analogical results on norm approximation with remarks and corollaries are also...The pointwise estimates of the deviation Tn,A,Bf（·） -- f（·） in terms of moduli of continuity w. f and w. f there are proved. Analogical results on norm approximation with remarks and corollaries are also given. In the results there are used the essentially weaker conditions than these in [Mittal, M. L.： J. Math. Anal. Appl., 220, 434-450） （1998） Theorem 1, p. 4377.展开更多
Vengono presemati i risuhati in una ricerca condoua nel 1991 sulla biologia riproduttivadi una popolazione di Sturns vulgaris nidificante nella 《colombaia》 di una cascina della pianura lombar-da. L’inizio della cos...Vengono presemati i risuhati in una ricerca condoua nel 1991 sulla biologia riproduttivadi una popolazione di Sturns vulgaris nidificante nella 《colombaia》 di una cascina della pianura lombar-da. L’inizio della costruzione dei nidi è compreso tra il 15 matzo e il 2 aprile. I nidi sono stall terminatiin tin tempo medio di 4,6 giorni （2-9）, nel 20,40% delle 338 cavità disponibili. Tra l’ultimazione del nidoe l’inizio delle deposizioni trascorrono in media 2,6 giorni （0-10）. L’inizio delle 《prime》 deposizioni ècompreso tra il 22 marzo （data precoce a livello europeo） e il 9 aprile; quello delle 《intermedie》 trail 24 aprile e I’ll gingno; quello delle 《seconde》 trail 29 aprile e il 16 giugno. La dimensionc mediadelle covate è 5,4 nova （3-8）. Le uova inisnrano in media nun 29,5×21,2 e pesano g 6,9 （n= 148）. Ladurata media dell’incubazione è. 12,2 giorni （11-15）, quella dell’allevamento dei pnlli di 15,5 （13-22）,con una differenza significativa tra le I covate （19,1） e le successive （14,9）. Il numero medio di pulliper covata alla schiusa è 4,5 （1-7）; quello dei pulli per nidiata all’involo di 3,3 （1-6）. Il lasso di schiusaè del 71,2%, quello d’involo del 47.5%; in entrambi i cast i valori più elevati si collocano in corrisponden-za delle covate di 6 nova. II snccesso riprodnttivo è del 33,8%, con una media di 1,9 pulli per covatae una differenza significativa tra le I covate （0,8） e le successive （intermedie= 2,4; II = 3）. I risuhati evi-denziano la notevole influenza svoha dalle condizioni meteorologiche sull’andamento della nidificazionee soprattutto sul successo riproduttivo. Breeding Biology of Starling in a Dovecote of the Lombard Plain. Results are given concer-ning a research carried out in 1991 on the reproductive biology of a population of Sturnus vulgarisbreeding in a farm dovecote in the central Po Plain. Nest building began between 15<sup>th</sup> March and 2<sup>th</sup>April. Nests were completed within an av展开更多
Prosegue nel 1991 la raccoha delle segnalazioni ornitologiche pith interessanti per la provincia di Brescia. Sono esclusi i dati già pubblicati su riviste specialistiche. Le specie segnalate sono 25 1991 ornithol...Prosegue nel 1991 la raccoha delle segnalazioni ornitologiche pith interessanti per la provincia di Brescia. Sono esclusi i dati già pubblicati su riviste specialistiche. Le specie segnalate sono 25 1991 ornithological report for the province of Brescia (Northern Italy). This third reportconsiders the more interesting ornithological record (25) of 1991, in the province of Brescia (NorthernItaly). The informations already published in other scientific journals are not reported.展开更多
The increasing penetration level of photovoltaic(PV)power generation in low voltage(LV)networks results in voltage rise issues,particularly at the end of the feeders.In order to mitigate this problem,several strategie...The increasing penetration level of photovoltaic(PV)power generation in low voltage(LV)networks results in voltage rise issues,particularly at the end of the feeders.In order to mitigate this problem,several strategies,such as grid reinforcement,transformer tap change,demand-side management,active power curtailment,and reactive power optimization methods,show their contribution to voltage support,yet still limited.This paper proposes a coordinated volt-var control architecture between the LV distribution transformer and solar inverters to optimize the PV power penetration level in a representative LV network in Bornholm Island using a multi-objective genetic algorithm.The approach is to increase the reactive power contribution of the inverters closest to the transformer during overvoltage conditions.Two standard reactive power control concepts,cosu(P)and Q(U),are simulated and compared in terms of network power losses and voltage level along the feeder.As a practical implementation,a reconfigurable hardware is used for developing a testing platform based on real-time measurements to regulate the reactive power level.The proposed testing platform has been developed within PVNET.dk project,which targets to study the approaches for large PV power integration into the network,without the need of reinforcement.展开更多
Glyphosate is a herbicide that has been widely used worldwide and is used in agricultural areas to control weeds and unwanted vegetation.Electrochemical sensors developed from different nanomaterials have high efficie...Glyphosate is a herbicide that has been widely used worldwide and is used in agricultural areas to control weeds and unwanted vegetation.Electrochemical sensors developed from different nanomaterials have high efficiency,excellent cost-benefit,and fast analysis time for detecting traces of environmental pollutants.This study aimed to produce an electrochemical sensor with disposable screen-printed electrodes based on carbon black modified with niobium nanoparticles to determine glyphosate in aqueous solutions.The morphology,structure and electrochemical performance of the sensor were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry.Differential pulse voltammetry in BR buffer solution at pH 5.0 allowed the generation of a method to quantify glyphosate concentration in a linear range of 5.90-172.30μmol/L(1.00-29.13μg/mL),with a limit of detection calculated at 3.07μmol/L(0.52μg/mL).The method efficiently quantified glyphosate in real water samples and showed no interference from K^(+),Na^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)ions or thiamethoxam,imidacloprid and carbendazim pesticides.展开更多
Penicillin is historically important as the first discovered drug against bacterial infections in human. Although the penicillin biosyn- thetic pathway and regulatory mechanism have been well studied in Penicillium ch...Penicillin is historically important as the first discovered drug against bacterial infections in human. Although the penicillin biosyn- thetic pathway and regulatory mechanism have been well studied in Penicillium chrysogenum, the compartmentation and molecular transport of penicillin or its precursors are still poorly understood. In search of the genomic database, more than 830 open reading frames （ORFs） were found to encode transmembrane proteins of P. chrysogenum. In order to investigate their roles on penicillin production, one of them （penT） was selected and cloned. The deduced protein ofpenTbelongs to the major facilitator superfamily （MFS） and contains 12 transmembrane spanning domains （TMS）. During fermentation, the transcription of penT was greatly induced by penicillin precursors phenylacetic acid （PAA） and phenoxyacetic acid （POA）. Knock-down of penT resulted in significant decrease of penicillin production, while over-expression of penT under the promoter of trpC enhanced the penicillin production. Introduction of an additional penT in the wild-type strain of P. chrysogenurn doubled the penicillin production and enhanced the sensitivity of P. chrysogenum to the penicillin precursors PAA or POA. These results indicate that penT stimulates penicillin production probably through enhancing the translocation of penicillin precursors across fungal cellular membrane. Penicillin is historically important as the first discovered drug against bacterial infections in human. Although the penicillin biosyn- thetic pathway and regulatory mechanism have been well studied in Penicillium chrysogenum, the compartmentation and molecular transport of penicillin or its precursors are still poorly understood. In search of the genomic database, more than 830 open reading frames （ORFs） were found to encode transmembrane proteins of P. chrysogenum. In order to investigate their roles on penicillin production, one of them （penT） was selected and cloned. The deduced protein ofpenTbelongs to the 展开更多
This paper presents an analysis of the impact of wind on the transport of the Changiiang River Diluted Water （CRDW） in August by using the salinity data col- lected on two zonal sections near Cheju-do. Based on the ...This paper presents an analysis of the impact of wind on the transport of the Changiiang River Diluted Water （CRDW） in August by using the salinity data col- lected on two zonal sections near Cheju-do. Based on the climatological mean conditions and four extreme events, the analysis indicates that wind-induced Ekman transport plays an important role in the extension of the CRDW. The strong northeastward Ekman transport induced by southeasterly wind in 1996, 2003, 2004, and 2006 pushes the core of the CRDW to the sea adjacent to Cheju-do. A comparison of the wind variation before observation among these four extreme events indicates that the expan- sion pattern of the CRDW is primarily changed by synop- tic variation with tirnescales of days to weeks, such as during a typhoon. The weak eastward extension of the CRDW in 2004, accompanied with a relatively strong southerly wind, implies that the oceanographic state （e.g., the depth of halocline） may strongly affect the impact of wind on the extension of the CRDW.展开更多
Whether liver transplantation(LT)plays a role in the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in non-cirrhotic liver(NCL)is a matter of debate.The recommendations for LT in this setting are extremely fr...Whether liver transplantation(LT)plays a role in the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in non-cirrhotic liver(NCL)is a matter of debate.The recommendations for LT in this setting are extremely fragile and less welldefined than for cirrhosis-associated HCC.All reports of LT for NCL-HCC revealed that long-term outcomes of these patients are poor,and these dismal figures are justified by the advanced tumor stage at the time of LT,suggesting the presence of systemic micrometastatic disease.The decision-making regarding LT for NCL-HCC is difficult,since specific selection criteria are scarce,and basically the potential candidates are those with unresectable only-liver tumor at admission,or unresectable intrahepatic recurrence post-resection.Besides the surgical aspects regarding the tumor resectability,other phenotypic and genetic characteristics of the tumor should be considered for the indication of LT in this scenario.The present minireview aims to discuss and analyze the last series of LT for NCL-HCC,in order to help clinicians in the decision-making process regarding the role of LT in NCL-HCC treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)are inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs)with a remission-relapsing presentation and symptomatic exacerbations that have detrimental impacts on patient quality of l...BACKGROUND Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)are inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs)with a remission-relapsing presentation and symptomatic exacerbations that have detrimental impacts on patient quality of life and are associated with a high cost burden,especially in patients with moderate-to-severe disease.The Real-world Data of Moderate-to-Severe Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Brazil(RISE BR)study was a noninterventional study designed to evaluate disease control,treatment patterns,disease burden and health-related quality of life in patients with moderate-to-severe active IBD.We report findings from the prospective follow-up phase of the RISE BR study in patients with active UC or CD.AIM To describe the 12-mo disease evolution and treatment patterns among patients with active moderate-to-severe IBD in Brazil.METHODS This was a prospective,noninterventional study of adult patients with active Crohn’s disease(CD:Harvey-Bradshaw Index≥8,CD Activity Index≥220),inadequate CD control(i.e.,calprotectin>200μg/g or colonoscopy previous results),or active ulcerative colitis(UC:Partial Mayo score≥5).Enrollment occurred in 14 centers from October 2016 to February 2017.The proportion of active IBD patients after 9-12 mo of follow-up,Kaplan-Meier estimates of the time to mild or no activity and a summary of treatment initiation,discontinuation and dose changes were examined.RESULTS The study included 118 CD and 36 UC patients,with mean±SD ages of 43.3±12.6 and 44.9±16.5 years,respectively.The most frequent drug classes at index were biologics for CD(62.7%)and 5-aminosalicylate derivates for UC patients(91.7%).During follow-up,65.3%of CD and 86.1%of UC patients initiated a new treatment at least once.Discontinuations/dose changes occurred in 68.1%of CD patients[median 2.0(IQR:2-5)]and 94.3%of UC patients[median 4.0(IQR:3-7)].On average,CD and UC patients had 4.4±2.6 and 5.0±3.3 outpatient visits,respectively.The median time to first mild or no activity was 319(IQR:239-358)d for CD and 320(IQR:288-358)展开更多
BACKGROUND Understanding the treatment landscape of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)is essential for improving disease management and patient outcomes.Brazil is the largest Latin American country,and it presents socio...BACKGROUND Understanding the treatment landscape of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)is essential for improving disease management and patient outcomes.Brazil is the largest Latin American country,and it presents socioeconomic and health care differences across its geographical regions.This country has the highest increase in IBD incidence and prevalence in Latin America,but information about the clinical and treatment characteristics of IBD is scarce.AIM To describe the sociodemographic,clinical,and treatment characteristics of IBD outpatients in Brazil overall and in the Southeast,South and Northeast/Midwest regions.METHODS Multicenter,cross-sectional study with a 3-year retrospective chart review component.Patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease(CD)or ulcerative colitis(UC)were consecutively enrolled between October 2016 and February 2017.Active CD at enrollment was defined as a Harvey Bradshaw Index≥8 or a CD Activity Index≥220 or a calprotectin level>200μg/g or an active result based on colonoscopy suggestive of inadequate control during the previous year;active UC was defined as a partial Mayo score≥5.Descriptive statistics were used to analyze all variables.RESULTS In a total of 407 included patients,CD was more frequent than UC,both overall(264 CD/143 UC patients)and by region(CD:UC ratios of 2.1 in the Southeast,1.6 in the South and 1.2 in the Northeast/Midwest).The majority of patients were female(54.2%of CD;56.6%of UC),and the mean ages were 45.9±13.8 years(CD)and 42.9±13.0 years(UC).The median disease duration was 10.0(range:0.5-45)years for both IBD types.At enrollment,44.7%[95%confidence interval(CI):38.7-50.7]of CD patients and 25.2%(95%CI:18.1-32.3)of UC patients presented with active disease.More than 95%of IBD patients were receiving treatment at enrollment;CD patients were commonly treated with biologics(71.6%)and immunosuppressors(67.4%),and UC patients were commonly treated with mesalazine[5-Aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA)]derivates(69.9%)and immunosuppressors(44.1%).More than 5展开更多
文摘Articular cartilage,which is exposed to continuous repetitive compressive stress,has limited self-healing capacity in the case of trauma.Thus,it is crucial to develop new treatment options for the effective regeneration of the cartilage tissue.Current cellular therapy treatment options are microfracture and autologous chondrocyte implantation;however,these treatments induce the formation of fibrous cartilage,which degenerates over time,rather than functional hyaline cartilage tissue.Tissue engineering studies using biodegradable scaffolds and autologous cells are vital for developing an effective long-term treatment option.3D scaffolds composed of glycosaminoglycan-like peptide nanofibers are synthetic,bioactive,biocompatible,and biodegradable and trigger cell-cell interactions that enhance chondrogenic differentiation of cells without using any growth factors.We showed differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes in both 2D and 3D culture,which produce a functional cartilage extracellular matrix,employing bioactive cues integrated into the peptide nanofiber scaffold without adding exogenous growth factors.
文摘Background: In the last 6 months, cases of acute hemorrhagic fever (AHF) have been recorded in Sao Tome and Principe (STP). Objective: To identify the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory parameters associated with AHF cases found in patients hospitalized in STP. Methods: Descriptive and quantitative analysis of AHF cases hospitalized in STP in the period December 2021 to May 19, 2022 through the variables: demographic data;clinical data;laboratory data and clinical outcome. Results: Analyzed 18 of 22 AHF cases, 50% of them male, mean age 33.7 years, 85.7% residing in the 2 largest districts of the country, 66.7% rural workers, administrative near maritime areas, sailors and domestics. 66.7% were healthy individuals. ≥50% had a fever, asthenia/weakness, myalgia, headache, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. 22.2% to 33.3% had retro-orbital pain, abdominal pain, decreased consciousness, dyspnea/hypoxia, and cough. In a smaller register (5.6% - 11.1%), exanthema, convulsion, arthralgia, low back pain, chills, and chest pain. Bleeding from the digestive tract was found in 72.2%, followed by vaginal (33.3%), urethral (27.8%), nasal (22.2%), and oral (16.7%). 50% had laboratory confirmation for dengue, and another 50% with suspected clinical diagnosis without laboratory confirmation of the etiologic agent. Despite hemorrhage, 66.7% of confirmed cases were hemodynamically non-severe, and 88.9% of suspected cases were severe. Coinfection with malaria is evidenced in 11.1% of cases. 72.2% recovered and 27.8% died (deaths in 55.5% of suspected cases). Case deaths were male (100%), resident foreigners (40%), tool store employees, sailors and students, healthy (80%), and residing in the largest district in the country (60%). All deaths were hospitalized in serious condition, 80% were hospitalized for hemorrhage and shock, with bleeding arising between day 4 - 5 of illness in 60% and hospitalization on day 5 of illness. 60% died within ≤24 hours of hospitalization. 80% died from shock and multi-organ dysfunctio
文摘Il presente articolo elenca le segnalazioni di specie ornitiche più interessanti della provin-cia di Brescia, relative agli anni 1986-1988 compresi, e 1989. Sono escluse da tale rapporto notizie riguar-danti le nidificazioni, gli svernamenti già compresi nei rispettivi Atlanti 1984-85; 1987-88 e i dati giàpubblicati su riviste specialistiche. 1986-1989 ornithological report for the province of Brescia (Northern Italy). This paperdeals with the more interesting bird species observed between 1986 and 1989 in the province of Brescia.The article does not include the wintering and breeding species already reported from other journals.
文摘The pointwise estimates of the deviation Tn,A,Bf（·） -- f（·） in terms of moduli of continuity w. f and w. f there are proved. Analogical results on norm approximation with remarks and corollaries are also given. In the results there are used the essentially weaker conditions than these in [Mittal, M. L.： J. Math. Anal. Appl., 220, 434-450） （1998） Theorem 1, p. 4377.
文摘Vengono presemati i risuhati in una ricerca condoua nel 1991 sulla biologia riproduttivadi una popolazione di Sturns vulgaris nidificante nella 《colombaia》 di una cascina della pianura lombar-da. L’inizio della costruzione dei nidi è compreso tra il 15 matzo e il 2 aprile. I nidi sono stall terminatiin tin tempo medio di 4,6 giorni （2-9）, nel 20,40% delle 338 cavità disponibili. Tra l’ultimazione del nidoe l’inizio delle deposizioni trascorrono in media 2,6 giorni （0-10）. L’inizio delle 《prime》 deposizioni ècompreso tra il 22 marzo （data precoce a livello europeo） e il 9 aprile; quello delle 《intermedie》 trail 24 aprile e I’ll gingno; quello delle 《seconde》 trail 29 aprile e il 16 giugno. La dimensionc mediadelle covate è 5,4 nova （3-8）. Le uova inisnrano in media nun 29,5×21,2 e pesano g 6,9 （n= 148）. Ladurata media dell’incubazione è. 12,2 giorni （11-15）, quella dell’allevamento dei pnlli di 15,5 （13-22）,con una differenza significativa tra le I covate （19,1） e le successive （14,9）. Il numero medio di pulliper covata alla schiusa è 4,5 （1-7）; quello dei pulli per nidiata all’involo di 3,3 （1-6）. Il lasso di schiusaè del 71,2%, quello d’involo del 47.5%; in entrambi i cast i valori più elevati si collocano in corrisponden-za delle covate di 6 nova. II snccesso riprodnttivo è del 33,8%, con una media di 1,9 pulli per covatae una differenza significativa tra le I covate （0,8） e le successive （intermedie= 2,4; II = 3）. I risuhati evi-denziano la notevole influenza svoha dalle condizioni meteorologiche sull’andamento della nidificazionee soprattutto sul successo riproduttivo. Breeding Biology of Starling in a Dovecote of the Lombard Plain. Results are given concer-ning a research carried out in 1991 on the reproductive biology of a population of Sturnus vulgarisbreeding in a farm dovecote in the central Po Plain. Nest building began between 15<sup>th</sup> March and 2<sup>th</sup>April. Nests were completed within an av
文摘Prosegue nel 1991 la raccoha delle segnalazioni ornitologiche pith interessanti per la provincia di Brescia. Sono esclusi i dati già pubblicati su riviste specialistiche. Le specie segnalate sono 25 1991 ornithological report for the province of Brescia (Northern Italy). This third reportconsiders the more interesting ornithological record (25) of 1991, in the province of Brescia (NorthernItaly). The informations already published in other scientific journals are not reported.
基金This work was supported in part by PVNET.dk project sponsored by Energinet.dk under the Electrical Energy Research Program(ForskEL,grant number 10698).
文摘The increasing penetration level of photovoltaic(PV)power generation in low voltage(LV)networks results in voltage rise issues,particularly at the end of the feeders.In order to mitigate this problem,several strategies,such as grid reinforcement,transformer tap change,demand-side management,active power curtailment,and reactive power optimization methods,show their contribution to voltage support,yet still limited.This paper proposes a coordinated volt-var control architecture between the LV distribution transformer and solar inverters to optimize the PV power penetration level in a representative LV network in Bornholm Island using a multi-objective genetic algorithm.The approach is to increase the reactive power contribution of the inverters closest to the transformer during overvoltage conditions.Two standard reactive power control concepts,cosu(P)and Q(U),are simulated and compared in terms of network power losses and voltage level along the feeder.As a practical implementation,a reconfigurable hardware is used for developing a testing platform based on real-time measurements to regulate the reactive power level.The proposed testing platform has been developed within PVNET.dk project,which targets to study the approaches for large PV power integration into the network,without the need of reinforcement.
基金the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior(CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)Fundacao de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro(FAPERJ)(Cincotto Proc.E-26/202.696/2019,Proc.E-26/010.002267/2019 and E-26/210.304/2022)for the financial support
文摘Glyphosate is a herbicide that has been widely used worldwide and is used in agricultural areas to control weeds and unwanted vegetation.Electrochemical sensors developed from different nanomaterials have high efficiency,excellent cost-benefit,and fast analysis time for detecting traces of environmental pollutants.This study aimed to produce an electrochemical sensor with disposable screen-printed electrodes based on carbon black modified with niobium nanoparticles to determine glyphosate in aqueous solutions.The morphology,structure and electrochemical performance of the sensor were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry.Differential pulse voltammetry in BR buffer solution at pH 5.0 allowed the generation of a method to quantify glyphosate concentration in a linear range of 5.90-172.30μmol/L(1.00-29.13μg/mL),with a limit of detection calculated at 3.07μmol/L(0.52μg/mL).The method efficiently quantified glyphosate in real water samples and showed no interference from K^(+),Na^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)ions or thiamethoxam,imidacloprid and carbendazim pesticides.
基金supported by the grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Nos.2009CB118905 and 2010ZX09401-403)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.KSCX2-EW-G-6 and KSCX2-EW-J-6)
文摘Penicillin is historically important as the first discovered drug against bacterial infections in human. Although the penicillin biosyn- thetic pathway and regulatory mechanism have been well studied in Penicillium chrysogenum, the compartmentation and molecular transport of penicillin or its precursors are still poorly understood. In search of the genomic database, more than 830 open reading frames （ORFs） were found to encode transmembrane proteins of P. chrysogenum. In order to investigate their roles on penicillin production, one of them （penT） was selected and cloned. The deduced protein ofpenTbelongs to the major facilitator superfamily （MFS） and contains 12 transmembrane spanning domains （TMS）. During fermentation, the transcription of penT was greatly induced by penicillin precursors phenylacetic acid （PAA） and phenoxyacetic acid （POA）. Knock-down of penT resulted in significant decrease of penicillin production, while over-expression of penT under the promoter of trpC enhanced the penicillin production. Introduction of an additional penT in the wild-type strain of P. chrysogenurn doubled the penicillin production and enhanced the sensitivity of P. chrysogenum to the penicillin precursors PAA or POA. These results indicate that penT stimulates penicillin production probably through enhancing the translocation of penicillin precursors across fungal cellular membrane. Penicillin is historically important as the first discovered drug against bacterial infections in human. Although the penicillin biosyn- thetic pathway and regulatory mechanism have been well studied in Penicillium chrysogenum, the compartmentation and molecular transport of penicillin or its precursors are still poorly understood. In search of the genomic database, more than 830 open reading frames （ORFs） were found to encode transmembrane proteins of P. chrysogenum. In order to investigate their roles on penicillin production, one of them （penT） was selected and cloned. The deduced protein ofpenTbelongs to the
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40906014 and 40976015)the Marine Science Foundation of State Oceanic Administration of China for the Youth (2010218)
文摘This paper presents an analysis of the impact of wind on the transport of the Changiiang River Diluted Water （CRDW） in August by using the salinity data col- lected on two zonal sections near Cheju-do. Based on the climatological mean conditions and four extreme events, the analysis indicates that wind-induced Ekman transport plays an important role in the extension of the CRDW. The strong northeastward Ekman transport induced by southeasterly wind in 1996, 2003, 2004, and 2006 pushes the core of the CRDW to the sea adjacent to Cheju-do. A comparison of the wind variation before observation among these four extreme events indicates that the expan- sion pattern of the CRDW is primarily changed by synop- tic variation with tirnescales of days to weeks, such as during a typhoon. The weak eastward extension of the CRDW in 2004, accompanied with a relatively strong southerly wind, implies that the oceanographic state （e.g., the depth of halocline） may strongly affect the impact of wind on the extension of the CRDW.
文摘Whether liver transplantation(LT)plays a role in the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in non-cirrhotic liver(NCL)is a matter of debate.The recommendations for LT in this setting are extremely fragile and less welldefined than for cirrhosis-associated HCC.All reports of LT for NCL-HCC revealed that long-term outcomes of these patients are poor,and these dismal figures are justified by the advanced tumor stage at the time of LT,suggesting the presence of systemic micrometastatic disease.The decision-making regarding LT for NCL-HCC is difficult,since specific selection criteria are scarce,and basically the potential candidates are those with unresectable only-liver tumor at admission,or unresectable intrahepatic recurrence post-resection.Besides the surgical aspects regarding the tumor resectability,other phenotypic and genetic characteristics of the tumor should be considered for the indication of LT in this scenario.The present minireview aims to discuss and analyze the last series of LT for NCL-HCC,in order to help clinicians in the decision-making process regarding the role of LT in NCL-HCC treatment.
文摘BACKGROUND Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)are inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs)with a remission-relapsing presentation and symptomatic exacerbations that have detrimental impacts on patient quality of life and are associated with a high cost burden,especially in patients with moderate-to-severe disease.The Real-world Data of Moderate-to-Severe Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Brazil(RISE BR)study was a noninterventional study designed to evaluate disease control,treatment patterns,disease burden and health-related quality of life in patients with moderate-to-severe active IBD.We report findings from the prospective follow-up phase of the RISE BR study in patients with active UC or CD.AIM To describe the 12-mo disease evolution and treatment patterns among patients with active moderate-to-severe IBD in Brazil.METHODS This was a prospective,noninterventional study of adult patients with active Crohn’s disease(CD:Harvey-Bradshaw Index≥8,CD Activity Index≥220),inadequate CD control(i.e.,calprotectin>200μg/g or colonoscopy previous results),or active ulcerative colitis(UC:Partial Mayo score≥5).Enrollment occurred in 14 centers from October 2016 to February 2017.The proportion of active IBD patients after 9-12 mo of follow-up,Kaplan-Meier estimates of the time to mild or no activity and a summary of treatment initiation,discontinuation and dose changes were examined.RESULTS The study included 118 CD and 36 UC patients,with mean±SD ages of 43.3±12.6 and 44.9±16.5 years,respectively.The most frequent drug classes at index were biologics for CD(62.7%)and 5-aminosalicylate derivates for UC patients(91.7%).During follow-up,65.3%of CD and 86.1%of UC patients initiated a new treatment at least once.Discontinuations/dose changes occurred in 68.1%of CD patients[median 2.0(IQR:2-5)]and 94.3%of UC patients[median 4.0(IQR:3-7)].On average,CD and UC patients had 4.4±2.6 and 5.0±3.3 outpatient visits,respectively.The median time to first mild or no activity was 319(IQR:239-358)d for CD and 320(IQR:288-358)
文摘BACKGROUND Understanding the treatment landscape of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)is essential for improving disease management and patient outcomes.Brazil is the largest Latin American country,and it presents socioeconomic and health care differences across its geographical regions.This country has the highest increase in IBD incidence and prevalence in Latin America,but information about the clinical and treatment characteristics of IBD is scarce.AIM To describe the sociodemographic,clinical,and treatment characteristics of IBD outpatients in Brazil overall and in the Southeast,South and Northeast/Midwest regions.METHODS Multicenter,cross-sectional study with a 3-year retrospective chart review component.Patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease(CD)or ulcerative colitis(UC)were consecutively enrolled between October 2016 and February 2017.Active CD at enrollment was defined as a Harvey Bradshaw Index≥8 or a CD Activity Index≥220 or a calprotectin level>200μg/g or an active result based on colonoscopy suggestive of inadequate control during the previous year;active UC was defined as a partial Mayo score≥5.Descriptive statistics were used to analyze all variables.RESULTS In a total of 407 included patients,CD was more frequent than UC,both overall(264 CD/143 UC patients)and by region(CD:UC ratios of 2.1 in the Southeast,1.6 in the South and 1.2 in the Northeast/Midwest).The majority of patients were female(54.2%of CD;56.6%of UC),and the mean ages were 45.9±13.8 years(CD)and 42.9±13.0 years(UC).The median disease duration was 10.0(range:0.5-45)years for both IBD types.At enrollment,44.7%[95%confidence interval(CI):38.7-50.7]of CD patients and 25.2%(95%CI:18.1-32.3)of UC patients presented with active disease.More than 95%of IBD patients were receiving treatment at enrollment;CD patients were commonly treated with biologics(71.6%)and immunosuppressors(67.4%),and UC patients were commonly treated with mesalazine[5-Aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA)]derivates(69.9%)and immunosuppressors(44.1%).More than 5
