AIM: Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are a family of transcription factors activated in response to cytokines and growth factors. Constitutive activation of Stat3 has been observed in a grow...AIM: Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are a family of transcription factors activated in response to cytokines and growth factors. Constitutive activation of Stat3 has been observed in a growing number of tumor-derived cell lines, as well as tumor specimens from human cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of p-Stat3, activated form of Stat3, and its downstream mediators including cyclin D1 and Bcl-XL in colorectal carcinoma (CRC), and to explore the possible mechanism of Stat3 signaling pathway in the tumorigenesis of colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: Tissue samples from 45 patients of primary colorectal carcinoma were selected for studying Stat3 signaling pathway protein expression. Western blot analysis was used to measure the expression of p-Stat3, cyclin D1, and Bcl-xu proteins in colorectal carcinomas. Furthermore, the expression patterns of these proteins were analyzed for their distribution at the cellular level by immunohistochemical staining of the tissues. RESULTS: Protein levels of p-Stat3, cyclin D1, and Bcl-XL were increased in colorectal carcinomas compared with adjacent normal mucosae (P<0.05). Elevated levels of pStat3 were correlated with the nodal metastasis and the stage (P<0.05). Overexpression of cyclin D1 was associated with the nodal metastasis (P<0.05). There was also a significant correlation between the expressions of p-Stat3 and cyclin D1 (r=0.382, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Constitutive activation of Stat3 may play an important role in the tumorigenesis of colorectal carcinoma, and the detailed mechanism of Stat3 signaling pathway in CRC deserves further investigation.展开更多
The current concept of "Adoptive T Cell Immunotherapy of Cancer" is quite different from how it was originally conceived. With the development of modern technology in molecular biology, cell biology, immunol...The current concept of "Adoptive T Cell Immunotherapy of Cancer" is quite different from how it was originally conceived. With the development of modern technology in molecular biology, cell biology, immunology and biochemistry during the last twenty years or so, adoptive immunotherapy has grown from its initial form of a simple "blood cell transfer" into its present process which involves host vaccination, effector cell activation/polarization and genetic modification. With the use of immune adjuvants and the identification/characterization of tumor-reactive T cell subsets, or in combination with other therapeutic strategies, adoptively transferred T cells have become much more potent in mediating tumor regression. In addition, studies on the trafficking of infused T cells, cell transfer performed in lymphopenic models, as well as the discovery of novel techniques in immune monitoring for the generation of effector cells in vitro and after cell transfer in vivo have provided useful tools to further improve the therapeutic efficacy of this approach. This article will review these related aspects of adoptive T cell immunotherapy of cancer with specific comments on certain critical areas in the application of this approach. With the rapidly evolving advances in this area, it is hoped that this cellular immunologic therapy as it was conceptualized in the past, can become more useful in the treatment of human cancer in the near future.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30271269
文摘AIM: Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are a family of transcription factors activated in response to cytokines and growth factors. Constitutive activation of Stat3 has been observed in a growing number of tumor-derived cell lines, as well as tumor specimens from human cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of p-Stat3, activated form of Stat3, and its downstream mediators including cyclin D1 and Bcl-XL in colorectal carcinoma (CRC), and to explore the possible mechanism of Stat3 signaling pathway in the tumorigenesis of colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: Tissue samples from 45 patients of primary colorectal carcinoma were selected for studying Stat3 signaling pathway protein expression. Western blot analysis was used to measure the expression of p-Stat3, cyclin D1, and Bcl-xu proteins in colorectal carcinomas. Furthermore, the expression patterns of these proteins were analyzed for their distribution at the cellular level by immunohistochemical staining of the tissues. RESULTS: Protein levels of p-Stat3, cyclin D1, and Bcl-XL were increased in colorectal carcinomas compared with adjacent normal mucosae (P<0.05). Elevated levels of pStat3 were correlated with the nodal metastasis and the stage (P<0.05). Overexpression of cyclin D1 was associated with the nodal metastasis (P<0.05). There was also a significant correlation between the expressions of p-Stat3 and cyclin D1 (r=0.382, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Constitutive activation of Stat3 may play an important role in the tumorigenesis of colorectal carcinoma, and the detailed mechanism of Stat3 signaling pathway in CRC deserves further investigation.
文摘The current concept of "Adoptive T Cell Immunotherapy of Cancer" is quite different from how it was originally conceived. With the development of modern technology in molecular biology, cell biology, immunology and biochemistry during the last twenty years or so, adoptive immunotherapy has grown from its initial form of a simple "blood cell transfer" into its present process which involves host vaccination, effector cell activation/polarization and genetic modification. With the use of immune adjuvants and the identification/characterization of tumor-reactive T cell subsets, or in combination with other therapeutic strategies, adoptively transferred T cells have become much more potent in mediating tumor regression. In addition, studies on the trafficking of infused T cells, cell transfer performed in lymphopenic models, as well as the discovery of novel techniques in immune monitoring for the generation of effector cells in vitro and after cell transfer in vivo have provided useful tools to further improve the therapeutic efficacy of this approach. This article will review these related aspects of adoptive T cell immunotherapy of cancer with specific comments on certain critical areas in the application of this approach. With the rapidly evolving advances in this area, it is hoped that this cellular immunologic therapy as it was conceptualized in the past, can become more useful in the treatment of human cancer in the near future.
