This paper considers a single-item, periodic-review inventory model with linear ordercosts, a convex function representing expected one-period costs, nonegative i.i.d. demandsand a fixed cost for order. Stockouts are... This paper considers a single-item, periodic-review inventory model with linear ordercosts, a convex function representing expected one-period costs, nonegative i.i.d. demandsand a fixed cost for order. Stockouts are backordered. All data are stationary Both finiteand infinite horizon problems are treated.展开更多
We discuss the problem of the generalization of Bell local hidden variable models for unstable particles as nucleons or decaying quantum bound states. We propose to extend the formalism of real deterministic hidden va...We discuss the problem of the generalization of Bell local hidden variable models for unstable particles as nucleons or decaying quantum bound states. We propose to extend the formalism of real deterministic hidden variables in the complex domain, in analogy with the quantum Gamow ket formalism, and we introduce a time dependent classical probability density distribution by which we implement hidden time dependence in the quantum expectation values. We suggest therefore a classical framework which may recover by asymptotic temporal limits the standard Bell stationary quantum statistical averages. Endly we discuss the possible relevance of our proposal for general non-isolated quantum systems in noninertial frames and the consequent dynamic effects of vacuum instabilities on E.P.R tests and Q.M. ensemble statistical averages.展开更多
Missing, swapping, false insurance claims and reallocation of pet animals (dog) are global problems throughout the world and research done to solve this problem is minimal. Traditional biometrics and non-biometrics me...Missing, swapping, false insurance claims and reallocation of pet animals (dog) are global problems throughout the world and research done to solve this problem is minimal. Traditional biometrics and non-biometrics methods have their own boundaries and they fail to provide competent level of security to pet animal (dog). The work on animal identification based on their phenotype appearance (coat patterns) has been an active research area in recent years and automatic face recognition for dog is not reported in the literature. Dog identification needs innovative research to protect the pet animal. Therefore it is imperative to initiate research, so that future face recognition algorithm will be able to solve this important problem for identification of pet animal (like dog, cat). In this paper an attempt has been made to minimize the above mentioned problems by biometrics face recognition of dog. The contributions of this research are: 1) implementation of an existing biometrics algorithm which mitigates the effects of covariates for dogs;2) proposed fusion based method for recognition of pet animal with 94.86% accuracy. Thus in this paper, we have tried to demonstrate that face recognition of dog can be used to recognize the dog efficiently.展开更多
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens forced us to consider the phage therapy as one of the possible alternative approaches to treatment. The purpose of this paper is to consider the conditions for ...The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens forced us to consider the phage therapy as one of the possible alternative approaches to treatment. The purpose of this paper is to consider the conditions for the safe, long-term use of phage therapy against various infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We describe the selection of the most suitable phages, their most effective combinations and some approaches for the rapid recognition of phages unsuitable for use in therapy. The benefi ts and disadvantages of the various different approaches to the preparation of phage mixtures are considered, together with the specifi c conditions that are required for the safe application of phage therapy in general hospitals and the possibilities for the development of personalized phage therapy.展开更多
A multicenter prospective epidemiological survey on the etiologic agents of invasive candidosis was conducted in Russia in the period of 2012-2014. Samples were collected from 284 patients with invasive candidosis and...A multicenter prospective epidemiological survey on the etiologic agents of invasive candidosis was conducted in Russia in the period of 2012-2014. Samples were collected from 284 patients with invasive candidosis and Candida species isolated by culture. The species were identified by DNA sequencing and MALDI-TOF mass- spectrometry. A total of 322 isolates were recovered, in which 96% of Candida species belonged to six major species, namely, C. albicans （43.2%）, C. parapsilosis （20.2%）, C. glabrata （11.5%）, C. tropicalis （9.6%）, C. krusei （6.2%）, and C. guilliermondii （5.3%）. Most Candida species were isolated from blood samples （83.23%）. Notably, the prevalence rate of C. albicans reduced from 52.38% to 32.79% （2012 vs. 2014） （P = 0.01） whereas that of non-C. albicans increased from 47.62% （2012） to 67.21% （2014） （P〈 0.01）. Species distribution differed among geographical regions; specifically, the prevalence rate of C. albicans as an etiologic agent of invasive candidosis in Siberian Federal region was significantly higher than that in other Federal regions. Results indicated a shift from C. albicans to non-C, albicans. Therefore, a detailed investigation on the contributing factors and appropriate treatment of invasive candidosis is needed.展开更多
Integral formulations are widely used for full-wave analysis of microstrip interconnects. A weak point of these formulations is the inclusion of the proper planar-layered Green’s Functions (GFs), because of their com...Integral formulations are widely used for full-wave analysis of microstrip interconnects. A weak point of these formulations is the inclusion of the proper planar-layered Green’s Functions (GFs), because of their computational cost. To overcome this problem, usually the GFs are decomposed into a quasi-dynamic term and a dynamic one. Under suitable approximations, the ?rst may be given in closed form, whereas the second is approximated. Starting from a general criterion for this decomposition, in this paper we derive some simple criteria for using the closed-form quasi-dynamic GFs instead of the complete GFs, with reference to the problem of evaluating the full-wave current distribution along microstrips. These criteria are based on simple relations between frequency, line length, dielectric thickness and permittivity. The layered GFs have been embedded into a full-wave transmission line model and the results are ?rst benchmarked with respect to a full-wave numerical 3D tool, then used to assess the proposed criteria.展开更多
Environmental constraints have drastically limited options of sustainable developmentand have severely offset many developmental schemes. In this paper, possibilities of acidic depo-sition, as a counter measure of des...Environmental constraints have drastically limited options of sustainable developmentand have severely offset many developmental schemes. In this paper, possibilities of acidic depo-sition, as a counter measure of desertification, are analyzed. Seasonal data of ambient sulfur di-oxide, pH of rain water and soil acidity are collected for over an year and analyzed. Arid environ-ment of surrounding areas of Delhi is considered and analyzed. Though ambient sulfur depositionis well below critical level, it might not be truly indicative of plant survival in arid areas. Results maybe useful in arid area afforestation, and polluting industries relocation, which holds tremendouspotential vis-a-vis sustainable development.展开更多
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Let η1, η2,…be i.i.d., P（η=1）=p, P（ηi=0）=1—p, the numbers of the random variables which take value 1 continuously in η1, η2,…,ηn are called run lengths of l’s, and the longest is called...Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Let η1, η2,…be i.i.d., P（η=1）=p, P（ηi=0）=1—p, the numbers of the random variables which take value 1 continuously in η1, η2,…,ηn are called run lengths of l’s, and the longest is called the length of the longest run, for simplicity we call it the longest run, which has been wall known. In [2] the longest run is studied in a展开更多
A three-dimensional mathematical model is proposed that describes the ferroelectric response of polycrystalline ferroelectrics to an electric field in the absence of mechanical stresses.It is based on the separation o...A three-dimensional mathematical model is proposed that describes the ferroelectric response of polycrystalline ferroelectrics to an electric field in the absence of mechanical stresses.It is based on the separation of the switching process into two related parts:the rotation of the spontaneous polarization vectors and the destruction of the domain wall fixing mechanisms.For each of the parts,the energy costs are calculated,which are the components of the energy balance in the real polarization process.The constitutive relations for the induced and residual components of the polarization vector of the representative volume are obtained.A number of numerical experiments were performed,which showed good agreement with the experimental data.展开更多
Dating of major sea-level changes using shells or calcareous microfossils is prone to errors in semi-enclosed marine environments where inputs of seawater and river water vary over time and space. The need to refine m...Dating of major sea-level changes using shells or calcareous microfossils is prone to errors in semi-enclosed marine environments where inputs of seawater and river water vary over time and space. The need to refine mollusc-based age estimates for the rate of the Holocene marine transgression in the Black Sea is the focus of multiple palaeoceanographic and archaeological studies. This ongoing “dating game” seeks to clarify conflicting evidence for a hypothetical catastrophic marine flood that forced the emigration of Neolithic farmers from the shores of a Holocene freshwater lake in the Black Sea. The potential importance of confirming or rejecting this megaflood hypothesis has led to multiple attempts at refining the chronology of the marine transgression and quantifying the palaeosalinity of the Black Sea surface water during the Holocene. Here we report that six new AMS radiocarbon ages of 8890 ± 50 to 8450 ± 40 yr BP were obtained for wood, grass and sedge leaves from peat layers in Core 342 at 33.16 - 32.71 m below present sea level on the Ukrainian Shelf. These plant materials provide critical new ages for quantifying Black Sea carbon reservoir issues. The accuracy of our new AMS wood/peatages is independently supported by palynochronological correlation. The ages of our plant materials have ~100 years precisionandare ~420 - 520 years younger than those previously reported for unsorted detrital peat in Core 342. Paired mollusc—wood ages for brackish—freshwater Dreissena polymorpha shell from detrital peat also shows that an inaccuracy of >1120 yr can arise for shells during times when carbon reservoir values in the semi-isolated, brackish-water Black Sea could depart significantly from global average. Our revised sea level curve shows a gradual early Holocene transgression from water depths of -45.9 to -32.8 m, with initial Mediterranean inflow by 8.9 ka BP.展开更多
Archean greenstone belts and Proterozoic granulite mobile belts are products of fundamentally different tectonic processes that culminated in different levels of crustal incision.The present study focuses on graphite-...Archean greenstone belts and Proterozoic granulite mobile belts are products of fundamentally different tectonic processes that culminated in different levels of crustal incision.The present study focuses on graphite-bearing fluid inclusions from two such terrains in India,the Angul domain of Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt and Hutti-Maski schist belt of the eastern Dharwar greenstone-granite belt.In beth cases,a high population of such inclusions within the fluid inclusion assemblage rules out the possibility of graphite being a captive phase,and instead confirms that it was deposited by the fluid within the inclusion cavity.Graphite is usually observed to be occurring with either pure water or a pure carbonic( CO_2 only)liquid,or with a CH_4 dominated carbonic liquid without vapor at room temperature.Graphite precipitation in inclusions is brought about by reaction of the CO2 and CH4 trapped as a homogeneous fluid to give rise to H_2O and C(graphite).Molar volume calculations for the CO_2-CH_4 mixture assuming an appropriate PVTX relationship indicates that there is a substantial increase in volume with decreasing pressure at a given temperature.The reaction producing graphite and H_2O from CH_4 and CO_2 involves substantial volume reduction,and hence would be favored when the rock undergoes rapid exhumation.Graphite-beating inclusions in quartz in a late-stage leucosome from migmatites in the Angul domain of the EGMB are accompanied by other fluid inclusion evidence for isothermal decompression.In the Hutti-Maski schist belt of the eastern Dharwar Craton,graphite-bearing inclusions occur in structurally controlled quartz veins(often auriferous)within metamorphosed mafic volcanics(schists and amphibolites).The Raman spectra indicate that graphites in fluid inclusions from the Hutti-Maski schist belt have both ordered(O)and the disordered(D)peaks,whereas those from the Angul area of EGMB lack the disordered(D)peaks, with both having perfectly symmetrical‘S’peak.This implies that in both belts,exhumation from the b展开更多
In this work, TiAlN and AlCrN coatings were deposited on ASTM-SA213-T-22 boiler steel using Balzer’s rapid coating system (RCS) machine (make Oerlikon Balzers, Swiss) under a reactive nitrogen atmosphere. Cyclic oxid...In this work, TiAlN and AlCrN coatings were deposited on ASTM-SA213-T-22 boiler steel using Balzer’s rapid coating system (RCS) machine (make Oerlikon Balzers, Swiss) under a reactive nitrogen atmosphere. Cyclic oxidation studies in molten salt environment were conducted at 900°C temperature in the laboratory using silicon carbide furnace. The weight gain was measured after each cycle and visually examined the surface morphology of the oxidized samples was studied using FE-SEM with EDAX attachment and XRD analysis. The results obtained showed the better performance of TiAlN coated T-22 boiler steels than the AlCrN coated and uncoated T-22 boiler steel.展开更多
The history of the Etna volcano (Sicily) is marked by the alternation of brief intervals of eruptive activity and long periods of apparent inactivity. Usually during the periods of pseudo-inactivity, there are evident...The history of the Etna volcano (Sicily) is marked by the alternation of brief intervals of eruptive activity and long periods of apparent inactivity. Usually during the periods of pseudo-inactivity, there are evident symptoms that the volcano is still active, e.g. fumaroles, hot springs and gaseous emissions. The variation of previous phenomena may be used to forecast seismic and volcanic- events. The aim of the research has been to evaluate and analyze the variation in emissions of ultra fine dusts and in soil Radon concentration, during the period of pseudo-inactivity, to obtain indexes able to forecast the possible events. Investigations have been carried out near two active faults on the slopes of Mt. Etna. The present paper presents the results of the monitoring survey, the analysis methodology and the development of the index to forecast possible seismic event. Research is currently in progress to refine the index which could be utilized not only to forecast possible seismic volcanic events, but also as a key to give early warning to the Civil Protection Agency so that they may be ready in time as soon as an eruptive event will occur.展开更多
For an entire function f(z), let M(f,r) = max is a polynomial of degree n, then, ingeneral, it is difficult to obtain a lower bound far M (p',1). But if the zeros of the polynomial are close to the origin, then va...For an entire function f(z), let M(f,r) = max is a polynomial of degree n, then, ingeneral, it is difficult to obtain a lower bound far M (p',1). But if the zeros of the polynomial are close to the origin, then various lower bounds for M(p' ,1) have been obtained in the past. In this paper, we have considered polynomials having all their zeros in , with a possible zero of order m(m>0) at the origin and have obtained a lower bound for M(p', 1), which is better than most of the known lower bounds. Our bound is sharp for m=0.展开更多
The aim of this work is to study the Berezin quantization of a Gaussian state. The result is another Gaussian state that depends on a quantum parameter α, which describes the relationship between the classical and qu...The aim of this work is to study the Berezin quantization of a Gaussian state. The result is another Gaussian state that depends on a quantum parameter α, which describes the relationship between the classical and quantum vision. The compression parameter λ>0 is associated to the harmonic oscillator semigroup.展开更多
The last two years have attracted the world＇s attention to Russia. The annexation of Crimea, the hybrid war in Eastern Ukraine, and finally the unexpected interference in Syria--all these actions bring us back to the...The last two years have attracted the world＇s attention to Russia. The annexation of Crimea, the hybrid war in Eastern Ukraine, and finally the unexpected interference in Syria--all these actions bring us back to the question of understanding the Russian motivation properly. Generally, it includes the whole interpretation of Russian strategic culture which is based on the research and analysis of the different factors： from literature and history to religion and political nature of the Russian state. Significant attempts to understand Moscow＇s strategic culture were made by the American experts during the Cold War; therefore the article analyzes the main pillars of Russian strategic culture, its continuity and change in comparison to Soviet times as well as the main reactions of Moscow for what it considers to be a threat.展开更多
Background:Applying ultrasonic imaging system during surgery requires the poring of saline,performing the measurement,and acquiring data from its display—which requires time and is highly“performer dependent,”i.e.,...Background:Applying ultrasonic imaging system during surgery requires the poring of saline,performing the measurement,and acquiring data from its display—which requires time and is highly“performer dependent,”i.e.,the measure is of a subjective nature.A new ultrasonic device was recently developed that overcomes most of these drawbacks and was successfully applied during tumor-in-brain neurosurgeries.The purpose of this study was to compare the two types of US devices and demonstrate their properties.Methods:The study was performed in the following stages:(i)an ex vivo experiment,where slices of the muscle and brain of a young porcine were laid one on top the other.Thicknesses and border depths were measured and compared,using the two types of US instruments.(ii)During human clinical neurosurgeries,tumor depth was compared by measuring it with both devices.(iii)Following the success of stages(i)and(ii),using solely the new US device,the tumor thickness was monitored while its resection.Correlation,Pearson’s coefficient,average,mean,and standard deviation were applied for statistical tests.Results:A high correlation was obtained for the distances of tissue borders and for their respective thicknesses.Applying these ultrasonic devices during neurosurgeries,tumor depths were monitored with high similarity(87%),which was also obtained by Pearson’s correlation coefficient(0.44).The new US device,thanks to its small footprint,its remote measurement,and the capability of monitoring intraoperatively and in real-time,provides the approach to tumor’s border before its complete resection.Conclusions:The new US device provides better accuracy than an ultrasonic imaging system;its data is objective;it enables to control the residual tumor thickness during its resection,and it is especially useful in restricted areas.These features were found of great help during a tumor-in-brain surgery and especially in the final stages of tumor’s resection.展开更多
文摘 This paper considers a single-item, periodic-review inventory model with linear ordercosts, a convex function representing expected one-period costs, nonegative i.i.d. demandsand a fixed cost for order. Stockouts are backordered. All data are stationary Both finiteand infinite horizon problems are treated.
文摘We discuss the problem of the generalization of Bell local hidden variable models for unstable particles as nucleons or decaying quantum bound states. We propose to extend the formalism of real deterministic hidden variables in the complex domain, in analogy with the quantum Gamow ket formalism, and we introduce a time dependent classical probability density distribution by which we implement hidden time dependence in the quantum expectation values. We suggest therefore a classical framework which may recover by asymptotic temporal limits the standard Bell stationary quantum statistical averages. Endly we discuss the possible relevance of our proposal for general non-isolated quantum systems in noninertial frames and the consequent dynamic effects of vacuum instabilities on E.P.R tests and Q.M. ensemble statistical averages.
文摘Missing, swapping, false insurance claims and reallocation of pet animals (dog) are global problems throughout the world and research done to solve this problem is minimal. Traditional biometrics and non-biometrics methods have their own boundaries and they fail to provide competent level of security to pet animal (dog). The work on animal identification based on their phenotype appearance (coat patterns) has been an active research area in recent years and automatic face recognition for dog is not reported in the literature. Dog identification needs innovative research to protect the pet animal. Therefore it is imperative to initiate research, so that future face recognition algorithm will be able to solve this important problem for identification of pet animal (like dog, cat). In this paper an attempt has been made to minimize the above mentioned problems by biometrics face recognition of dog. The contributions of this research are: 1) implementation of an existing biometrics algorithm which mitigates the effects of covariates for dogs;2) proposed fusion based method for recognition of pet animal with 94.86% accuracy. Thus in this paper, we have tried to demonstrate that face recognition of dog can be used to recognize the dog efficiently.
文摘The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens forced us to consider the phage therapy as one of the possible alternative approaches to treatment. The purpose of this paper is to consider the conditions for the safe, long-term use of phage therapy against various infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We describe the selection of the most suitable phages, their most effective combinations and some approaches for the rapid recognition of phages unsuitable for use in therapy. The benefi ts and disadvantages of the various different approaches to the preparation of phage mixtures are considered, together with the specifi c conditions that are required for the safe application of phage therapy in general hospitals and the possibilities for the development of personalized phage therapy.
基金We acknowledge the management of Russian Ministry of Health and Sino-Russian Medical Research Center of Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, China which offered finance support, laboratory space, and equipment used in this research. We also acknowledge specific clinics and hospitals that helped in collecting clinical samples. This research was financially supported by Russian Ministry of Health, Russia Sino-Russian Medical Research Center of Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, China （Nos. CR201406 and CR201502）, National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.81301703） and Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, China （No. QC2013C078）.
文摘A multicenter prospective epidemiological survey on the etiologic agents of invasive candidosis was conducted in Russia in the period of 2012-2014. Samples were collected from 284 patients with invasive candidosis and Candida species isolated by culture. The species were identified by DNA sequencing and MALDI-TOF mass- spectrometry. A total of 322 isolates were recovered, in which 96% of Candida species belonged to six major species, namely, C. albicans （43.2%）, C. parapsilosis （20.2%）, C. glabrata （11.5%）, C. tropicalis （9.6%）, C. krusei （6.2%）, and C. guilliermondii （5.3%）. Most Candida species were isolated from blood samples （83.23%）. Notably, the prevalence rate of C. albicans reduced from 52.38% to 32.79% （2012 vs. 2014） （P = 0.01） whereas that of non-C. albicans increased from 47.62% （2012） to 67.21% （2014） （P〈 0.01）. Species distribution differed among geographical regions; specifically, the prevalence rate of C. albicans as an etiologic agent of invasive candidosis in Siberian Federal region was significantly higher than that in other Federal regions. Results indicated a shift from C. albicans to non-C, albicans. Therefore, a detailed investigation on the contributing factors and appropriate treatment of invasive candidosis is needed.
文摘Integral formulations are widely used for full-wave analysis of microstrip interconnects. A weak point of these formulations is the inclusion of the proper planar-layered Green’s Functions (GFs), because of their computational cost. To overcome this problem, usually the GFs are decomposed into a quasi-dynamic term and a dynamic one. Under suitable approximations, the ?rst may be given in closed form, whereas the second is approximated. Starting from a general criterion for this decomposition, in this paper we derive some simple criteria for using the closed-form quasi-dynamic GFs instead of the complete GFs, with reference to the problem of evaluating the full-wave current distribution along microstrips. These criteria are based on simple relations between frequency, line length, dielectric thickness and permittivity. The layered GFs have been embedded into a full-wave transmission line model and the results are ?rst benchmarked with respect to a full-wave numerical 3D tool, then used to assess the proposed criteria.
文摘Environmental constraints have drastically limited options of sustainable developmentand have severely offset many developmental schemes. In this paper, possibilities of acidic depo-sition, as a counter measure of desertification, are analyzed. Seasonal data of ambient sulfur di-oxide, pH of rain water and soil acidity are collected for over an year and analyzed. Arid environ-ment of surrounding areas of Delhi is considered and analyzed. Though ambient sulfur depositionis well below critical level, it might not be truly indicative of plant survival in arid areas. Results maybe useful in arid area afforestation, and polluting industries relocation, which holds tremendouspotential vis-a-vis sustainable development.
文摘Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Let η1, η2,…be i.i.d., P（η=1）=p, P（ηi=0）=1—p, the numbers of the random variables which take value 1 continuously in η1, η2,…,ηn are called run lengths of l’s, and the longest is called the length of the longest run, for simplicity we call it the longest run, which has been wall known. In [2] the longest run is studied in a
基金This work was supported of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation,project No.9.1001.2017/4.6.
文摘A three-dimensional mathematical model is proposed that describes the ferroelectric response of polycrystalline ferroelectrics to an electric field in the absence of mechanical stresses.It is based on the separation of the switching process into two related parts:the rotation of the spontaneous polarization vectors and the destruction of the domain wall fixing mechanisms.For each of the parts,the energy costs are calculated,which are the components of the energy balance in the real polarization process.The constitutive relations for the induced and residual components of the polarization vector of the representative volume are obtained.A number of numerical experiments were performed,which showed good agreement with the experimental data.
文摘Dating of major sea-level changes using shells or calcareous microfossils is prone to errors in semi-enclosed marine environments where inputs of seawater and river water vary over time and space. The need to refine mollusc-based age estimates for the rate of the Holocene marine transgression in the Black Sea is the focus of multiple palaeoceanographic and archaeological studies. This ongoing “dating game” seeks to clarify conflicting evidence for a hypothetical catastrophic marine flood that forced the emigration of Neolithic farmers from the shores of a Holocene freshwater lake in the Black Sea. The potential importance of confirming or rejecting this megaflood hypothesis has led to multiple attempts at refining the chronology of the marine transgression and quantifying the palaeosalinity of the Black Sea surface water during the Holocene. Here we report that six new AMS radiocarbon ages of 8890 ± 50 to 8450 ± 40 yr BP were obtained for wood, grass and sedge leaves from peat layers in Core 342 at 33.16 - 32.71 m below present sea level on the Ukrainian Shelf. These plant materials provide critical new ages for quantifying Black Sea carbon reservoir issues. The accuracy of our new AMS wood/peatages is independently supported by palynochronological correlation. The ages of our plant materials have ~100 years precisionandare ~420 - 520 years younger than those previously reported for unsorted detrital peat in Core 342. Paired mollusc—wood ages for brackish—freshwater Dreissena polymorpha shell from detrital peat also shows that an inaccuracy of >1120 yr can arise for shells during times when carbon reservoir values in the semi-isolated, brackish-water Black Sea could depart significantly from global average. Our revised sea level curve shows a gradual early Holocene transgression from water depths of -45.9 to -32.8 m, with initial Mediterranean inflow by 8.9 ka BP.
文摘Archean greenstone belts and Proterozoic granulite mobile belts are products of fundamentally different tectonic processes that culminated in different levels of crustal incision.The present study focuses on graphite-bearing fluid inclusions from two such terrains in India,the Angul domain of Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt and Hutti-Maski schist belt of the eastern Dharwar greenstone-granite belt.In beth cases,a high population of such inclusions within the fluid inclusion assemblage rules out the possibility of graphite being a captive phase,and instead confirms that it was deposited by the fluid within the inclusion cavity.Graphite is usually observed to be occurring with either pure water or a pure carbonic( CO_2 only)liquid,or with a CH_4 dominated carbonic liquid without vapor at room temperature.Graphite precipitation in inclusions is brought about by reaction of the CO2 and CH4 trapped as a homogeneous fluid to give rise to H_2O and C(graphite).Molar volume calculations for the CO_2-CH_4 mixture assuming an appropriate PVTX relationship indicates that there is a substantial increase in volume with decreasing pressure at a given temperature.The reaction producing graphite and H_2O from CH_4 and CO_2 involves substantial volume reduction,and hence would be favored when the rock undergoes rapid exhumation.Graphite-beating inclusions in quartz in a late-stage leucosome from migmatites in the Angul domain of the EGMB are accompanied by other fluid inclusion evidence for isothermal decompression.In the Hutti-Maski schist belt of the eastern Dharwar Craton,graphite-bearing inclusions occur in structurally controlled quartz veins(often auriferous)within metamorphosed mafic volcanics(schists and amphibolites).The Raman spectra indicate that graphites in fluid inclusions from the Hutti-Maski schist belt have both ordered(O)and the disordered(D)peaks,whereas those from the Angul area of EGMB lack the disordered(D)peaks, with both having perfectly symmetrical‘S’peak.This implies that in both belts,exhumation from the b
文摘In this work, TiAlN and AlCrN coatings were deposited on ASTM-SA213-T-22 boiler steel using Balzer’s rapid coating system (RCS) machine (make Oerlikon Balzers, Swiss) under a reactive nitrogen atmosphere. Cyclic oxidation studies in molten salt environment were conducted at 900°C temperature in the laboratory using silicon carbide furnace. The weight gain was measured after each cycle and visually examined the surface morphology of the oxidized samples was studied using FE-SEM with EDAX attachment and XRD analysis. The results obtained showed the better performance of TiAlN coated T-22 boiler steels than the AlCrN coated and uncoated T-22 boiler steel.
文摘The history of the Etna volcano (Sicily) is marked by the alternation of brief intervals of eruptive activity and long periods of apparent inactivity. Usually during the periods of pseudo-inactivity, there are evident symptoms that the volcano is still active, e.g. fumaroles, hot springs and gaseous emissions. The variation of previous phenomena may be used to forecast seismic and volcanic- events. The aim of the research has been to evaluate and analyze the variation in emissions of ultra fine dusts and in soil Radon concentration, during the period of pseudo-inactivity, to obtain indexes able to forecast the possible events. Investigations have been carried out near two active faults on the slopes of Mt. Etna. The present paper presents the results of the monitoring survey, the analysis methodology and the development of the index to forecast possible seismic event. Research is currently in progress to refine the index which could be utilized not only to forecast possible seismic volcanic events, but also as a key to give early warning to the Civil Protection Agency so that they may be ready in time as soon as an eruptive event will occur.
文摘For an entire function f(z), let M(f,r) = max is a polynomial of degree n, then, ingeneral, it is difficult to obtain a lower bound far M (p',1). But if the zeros of the polynomial are close to the origin, then various lower bounds for M(p' ,1) have been obtained in the past. In this paper, we have considered polynomials having all their zeros in , with a possible zero of order m(m>0) at the origin and have obtained a lower bound for M(p', 1), which is better than most of the known lower bounds. Our bound is sharp for m=0.
文摘The aim of this work is to study the Berezin quantization of a Gaussian state. The result is another Gaussian state that depends on a quantum parameter α, which describes the relationship between the classical and quantum vision. The compression parameter λ>0 is associated to the harmonic oscillator semigroup.
文摘The last two years have attracted the world＇s attention to Russia. The annexation of Crimea, the hybrid war in Eastern Ukraine, and finally the unexpected interference in Syria--all these actions bring us back to the question of understanding the Russian motivation properly. Generally, it includes the whole interpretation of Russian strategic culture which is based on the research and analysis of the different factors： from literature and history to religion and political nature of the Russian state. Significant attempts to understand Moscow＇s strategic culture were made by the American experts during the Cold War; therefore the article analyzes the main pillars of Russian strategic culture, its continuity and change in comparison to Soviet times as well as the main reactions of Moscow for what it considers to be a threat.
文摘Background:Applying ultrasonic imaging system during surgery requires the poring of saline,performing the measurement,and acquiring data from its display—which requires time and is highly“performer dependent,”i.e.,the measure is of a subjective nature.A new ultrasonic device was recently developed that overcomes most of these drawbacks and was successfully applied during tumor-in-brain neurosurgeries.The purpose of this study was to compare the two types of US devices and demonstrate their properties.Methods:The study was performed in the following stages:(i)an ex vivo experiment,where slices of the muscle and brain of a young porcine were laid one on top the other.Thicknesses and border depths were measured and compared,using the two types of US instruments.(ii)During human clinical neurosurgeries,tumor depth was compared by measuring it with both devices.(iii)Following the success of stages(i)and(ii),using solely the new US device,the tumor thickness was monitored while its resection.Correlation,Pearson’s coefficient,average,mean,and standard deviation were applied for statistical tests.Results:A high correlation was obtained for the distances of tissue borders and for their respective thicknesses.Applying these ultrasonic devices during neurosurgeries,tumor depths were monitored with high similarity(87%),which was also obtained by Pearson’s correlation coefficient(0.44).The new US device,thanks to its small footprint,its remote measurement,and the capability of monitoring intraoperatively and in real-time,provides the approach to tumor’s border before its complete resection.Conclusions:The new US device provides better accuracy than an ultrasonic imaging system;its data is objective;it enables to control the residual tumor thickness during its resection,and it is especially useful in restricted areas.These features were found of great help during a tumor-in-brain surgery and especially in the final stages of tumor’s resection.
