There has recently been a dramatic renewal of interest in hadron spectroscopy and charm physics. This renaissance has been driven in part by the discovery of a plethora of charmonium-like XYZ states at BESⅢ and B fac...There has recently been a dramatic renewal of interest in hadron spectroscopy and charm physics. This renaissance has been driven in part by the discovery of a plethora of charmonium-like XYZ states at BESⅢ and B factories, and the observation of an intriguing proton-antiproton threshold enhancement and the possibly related X(1835) meson state at BESⅢ, as well as the threshold measurements of charm mesons and charm baryons. We present a detailed survey of the important topics in tau-charm physics and hadron physics that can be further explored at BESⅢ during the remaining operation period of BEPCⅡ. This survey will help in the optimization of the data-taking plan over the coming years, and provides physics motivation for the possible upgrade of BEPCⅡ to higher luminosity.展开更多
AIM: To investigate efficacy and safety of cetuximab combined with two chemotherapy regimens in patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). METHODS: Randomized patients received cetuximab with 5-fl...AIM: To investigate efficacy and safety of cetuximab combined with two chemotherapy regimens in patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). METHODS: Randomized patients received cetuximab with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), folinic acid (FA) and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) 6 (arm A, n = 74) or 5-FU, FA and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) (arm B, n = 77). KRAS mutation status was determined retrospectively in a subset of tumors (n = 117). RESULTS: No significant difference was found between treatment arms A and B in the progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 9 mo, 45% vs 34%; median PFS, 8.6 mo vs 8.3 mo [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.06]; overall response rate (ORR) 43% vs 45% [odds ratio (OR) = 0.93] and median overall survival (OS), 17.4 mo vs 18.9 mo (HR = 0.98). Patients with KRAS wild-type tumors demonstrated improved PFS (HR = 0.55, P = 0.0051), OS, (HR = 0.62, P = 0.0296) and ORR (53% vs 36%) and in arm A, improved PFS (HR = 0.49, P = 0.0196), OS (HR = 0.48, P = 0.0201) and ORR (56%vs 30%), compared with patients with KRAS mutated tumors. In arm B no significant differences were found in efficacy by KRAS mutation status. Treatment in arms A and B was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that combinations of cetuximab with FOLFOX6 or FOLFIRI are effective and significantly improve clinical outcome in KRAS wild-type compared with KRAS mutated mCRC.展开更多
Liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinomas are two of the most common causes of cancer deaths in the world.Radiofrequency ablation(RFA) is a well recognized,effective and minimally invasive means of treating malig...Liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinomas are two of the most common causes of cancer deaths in the world.Radiofrequency ablation(RFA) is a well recognized,effective and minimally invasive means of treating malignant hepatic tumors.This article describes the use of contrast-enhanced 3D ultrasound(CE-3DUS) in the staging,targeting and follow-up of patients with liver tumors undergoing RFA.In particular,its value in the management of large hepatic lesions will be illustrated.Current limitations of CE-3DUS and future developments in the technique will also be discussed.In summary,CE-3DUS is useful in the RFA of liver tumors with improved detection and display of occult lesions and recurrence,in the assessment of lesional geometry and orientation for a more accurate planning and guidance of multiple RFA needle electrodes in large tumors and in the evaluation of residual or recurrent disease within the immediate and/or subsequent follow-up periods.展开更多
Complex thin-walled titanium alloy components play a key role in the aircraft,aerospace and marine industries,offering the advantages of reduced weight and increased thermal resistance.The geometrical complexity,dimen...Complex thin-walled titanium alloy components play a key role in the aircraft,aerospace and marine industries,offering the advantages of reduced weight and increased thermal resistance.The geometrical complexity,dimensional accuracy and in-service properties are essential to fulfill the high-performance standards required in new transportation systems,which brings new challenges to titanium alloy forming technologies.Traditional forming processes,such as superplastic forming or hot pressing,cannot meet all demands of modern applications due to their limited properties,low productivity and high cost.This has encouraged industry and research groups to develop novel high-efficiency forming processes.Hot gas pressure forming and hot stamping-quenching technologies have been developed for the manufacture of tubular and panel components,and are believed to be the cut-edge processes guaranteeing dimensional accuracy,microstructure and mechanical properties.This article intends to provide a critical review of high-efficiency titanium alloy forming processes,concentrating on latest investigations of controlling dimensional accuracy,microstructure and properties.The advantages and limitations of individual forming process are comprehensively analyzed,through which,future research trends of high-efficiency forming are identified including trends in process integration,processing window design,full cycle and multi-objective optimization.This review aims to provide a guide for researchers and process designers on the manufacture of thin-walled titanium alloy components whilst achieving high dimensional accuracy and satisfying performance properties with high efficiency and low cost.展开更多
Circulating bone-marrow-derived cells,named endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs),are capable of maintaining,generating,and replacing terminally differentiated cells within their own specific tissue as a consequence of p...Circulating bone-marrow-derived cells,named endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs),are capable of maintaining,generating,and replacing terminally differentiated cells within their own specific tissue as a consequence of physiological cell turnover or tissue damage due to injury.Endothelium maintenance and restoration of normal endothelial cell function is guaranteed by a complex physiological procedure in which EPCs play a significant role.Decreased number of peripheral blood EPCs has been associated with endothelial dysfunction and high cardiovascular risk.In this review,we initially report current knowledge with regard to the role of EPCs in healthy subjects and the clinical value of EPCs in different disease populations such as arterial hypertension,obstructive sleep-apnea syndrome,obesity,diabetes mellitus,peripheral arterial disease,coronary artery disease,pulmonary hypertension,and heart failure.Recent studies have introduced the novel concept that physical activity,either performed as a single exercise session or performed as part of an exercise training program,results in a significant increase of circulating EPCs.In the second part of this review we provide preliminary evidence from recent studies investigating the effects of acute and long-term exercise in healthy subjects and athletes as well as in disease populations.展开更多
Background:Vulvovaginitis is the most common cause of gynecological complaints in children and young girls.Some of the factors which cause vulvovaginitis include hypoestrogenism,the anatomical proximity of rectum and ...Background:Vulvovaginitis is the most common cause of gynecological complaints in children and young girls.Some of the factors which cause vulvovaginitis include hypoestrogenism,the anatomical proximity of rectum and delicate vulvar skin and vaginal mucosa.Data sources:We made a literature search with Pubmed,Medline and Cochrane database from January 2002 to May 2015 in English language using the key words vulvovaginitis,children,clinical,diagnosis and treatment.Results:Vulvovaginitis in girls is usually caused by non-specific factors and hygiene measures,bioyoghurt and avoidance of chemical irritants are generally useful.Weight control if necessary and prevention of voiding dysfunction are effective.Vaginal flora is important in girls and results should be interpreted with clinical features to decide whether an isolated microorganism is part of the normal microflora or is the cause of symptomatic vulvovaginitis.Specific treatment is generally considered in case of a detected pathogen microorganism.Isolation of a sexually transmitted organism requires further investigation.Persistent disease may not always indicate a foreign body but it must be taken into account.Girls and parents are encouraged psychologically in all steps of evaluation,diagnosis and treatment.Probiotics,nanotechnology and petroleum jelly are other important treatment options used in vulvovaginitis.Conclusions:In this review,we present current approach to the presentation and management of vulvovaginitis in childhood.This disorder requires a comprehensive evaluation in all steps of diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
The outcome of patents on environmental(POET)technologies on the EF in the USA has not been com-prehensively explored.Therefore,to close this breach in the literature,the present study discovers how patents on ecologi...The outcome of patents on environmental(POET)technologies on the EF in the USA has not been com-prehensively explored.Therefore,to close this breach in the literature,the present study discovers how patents on ecological technologies affect ecological footprint(EF)in the USA while regulatory for GDP and EC using the Fourier-based approaches.The conclusions of the present study reveal that POET are an important predictor of EF in the USA and cause a reduction in ecological deprivation in the long run;as expected,economic growth negatively affects environmental sustainability.The outcomes suggest that it is possible to resolve conflicts between the economy and the environment by using technological inno-vation.The USA government must reconsider its policy focus,particularly on coal energy sourcing and industrial energy,while continuing with heavy investments in its ambitious renewable energy technol-ogy development plan.Moreover,the government should continue to promote investments in environ-mental technologies.展开更多
The gut microbiome has emerged as a critical player in cancer pathogenesis and treatment response.Dysbiosis,an imbalance in the gut microbial community,impacts tumor initiation,progression,and therapy outcomes.Specifi...The gut microbiome has emerged as a critical player in cancer pathogenesis and treatment response.Dysbiosis,an imbalance in the gut microbial community,impacts tumor initiation,progression,and therapy outcomes.Specific bacterial species have been associated with either promoting or inhibiting tumor growth,offering potential targets for therapeutic intervention.The gut microbiome in-fluences the efficacy and toxicity of conventional treatments and cutting-edge immunotherapies,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer care.However,translating microbiome research into clinical practice requires addres-sing challenges such as standardizing methodologies,validating microbial bio-markers,and ensuring ethical considerations.Here,we provide a comprehensive overview of the gut microbiome's role in cancer highlighting the need for on-going research,collaboration,and innovation to harness its full potential for im-proving patient outcomes in oncology.The current editorial aims to explore these insights and emphasizes the need for standardized methodologies,validation of microbial biomarkers,and interdisciplinary collaboration to translate microbiome research into clinical applications.Furthermore,it underscores ethical consider-ations and regulatory challenges surrounding the use of microbiome-based the-rapies.Together,this article advocates for ongoing research,collaboration,and innovation to realize the full potential of microbiome-guided oncology in impro-ving patient care and outcomes.展开更多
Renewable energy,energy efficiency,and nuclear energy research and development(RER,EER,and NER)budgets are immensely important to fulfill sustainable development goals 7,9,and 13,by accelerating energy innovation,ener...Renewable energy,energy efficiency,and nuclear energy research and development(RER,EER,and NER)budgets are immensely important to fulfill sustainable development goals 7,9,and 13,by accelerating energy innovation,energy transition,and climate control.The literature on the drivers of the load capacity factor(LCF),a recently developed ecological quality measure,is mounting;however,the roles of energy investments in the LCF are largely unknown.Accordingly,this study assesses the impacts of RER,EER,NER,and financial globalization(FIG)on the LCF using data from 1974 to 2018 for Germany.Advanced and reliable time series tests(Augmented ARDL,DOLS,and Fourier causality)are adopted to analyze cointegration,long-run impacts,and causal connections.The outcomes unveil that both green energy and energy efficiency R&D promote the LCF by enhancing ecological quality.However,the positive impact of NER on the LCF is found to be weaker than the impacts of RER and EER.FIG curbs ecological degradation by expanding the LCF.Additionally,the U-shaped connection between economic growth(ECG)and the LCF confirms the load capacity curve.Therefore,policymakers should focus on RER and EER to preserve the environment and promote sustainable growth.展开更多
Aging degradation and seismic damage of civil infrastructures have become a serious issue for society,and one promising technology for monitoring their conditions is optical fiber sensing.Glass optical fibers have bee...Aging degradation and seismic damage of civil infrastructures have become a serious issue for society,and one promising technology for monitoring their conditions is optical fiber sensing.Glass optical fibers have been predominantly used for the past several decades to develop fiber sensors,but currently polymer or plastic optical fibers(POFs)have also been used extensively to develop advanced fiber sensors because of their unique features,such as high flexibility,large breakage strain,and impact resistance.This review focuses on recently developed distributed and quasi-distributed POF-based sensing techniques based on Rayleigh scattering,Brillouin scattering,and fiber Bragg gratings.展开更多
Microbial-Induced Carbonate Precipitation(MICP)is a naturally occurring process whereby bacteria produce enzymes that accelerate the precipitation of calcium carbonate.This process is facilitated through various bacte...Microbial-Induced Carbonate Precipitation(MICP)is a naturally occurring process whereby bacteria produce enzymes that accelerate the precipitation of calcium carbonate.This process is facilitated through various bacterial activities,including ureolysis,sulfate reduction,iron reduction,and denitrification.The application of MICP has been widespread in a range of engineering fields,such as geotechnical,concrete,environmental,and oil and gas engineering for soil stabilization,concrete remediation,heavy metal solidification,and permeability control.Numerous review papers have been published that summarize the mechanisms and properties associated with different MICP applications.The purpose of this review paper is to provide a comprehensive summary of the various engineering applications of MICP,along with the mechanisms,materials,and engineering properties associated with each application.By comparing the similarities and differences in MICP research progress across different engineering fields,this review aims to increase understanding of MICP,stimulate new research ideas,and accelerate the development of MICP techniques.展开更多
This study analyzes the impact of biomass energy,financial development,and economic growth on environmental quality using the novel Fourier autoregressive distributed lag(ARDL)approach on annual data for the period 1...This study analyzes the impact of biomass energy,financial development,and economic growth on environmental quality using the novel Fourier autoregressive distributed lag(ARDL)approach on annual data for the period 1965–2018 in the United States(USA).The study analyzes the impact of related variables on the load capacity factor(LCF)as well as on indicators of environmental degradation such as carbon dioxide emissions and ecological footprint.The LCF is one of the most comprehensive environmental indicators to date,encompassing both biocapacity and ecological footprint.In this regard,this study contributes to the environmental economics literature by examining,for the first time,the impact of biomass energy on the LCF.The results of the cointegration test show that there is only a long-run relationship between the LCF and the independent variables.According to the Fourier ARDL results,biomass energy improves the environmental quality,while financial development has no effect on the LCF.Moreover,the increase in per capita income reduces the LCF.Furthermore,since the income elasticity is larger in the long run than in the short-run,the environmental Kuznets curve is validated.Therefore,the United States government should encourage the use of biomass and investment in this form of energy.展开更多
Cloud computing has become one of the most projecting words in the IT world due to its design for providing computing service as a utility. The typical use of cloud computing as a resource has changed the scenery of c...Cloud computing has become one of the most projecting words in the IT world due to its design for providing computing service as a utility. The typical use of cloud computing as a resource has changed the scenery of computing. Due to the increased flexibility, better reliability, great scalability, and decreased costs have captivated businesses and individuals alike because of the pay-per-use form of the cloud environment. Cloud computing is a completely internet dependent technology where client data are stored and maintained in the data center of a cloud provider like Google, Amazon, Apple Inc., Microsoft etc. The Anomaly Detection System is one of the Intrusion Detection techniques. It’s an area in the cloud environment that is been developed in the detection of unusual activities in the cloud networks. Although, there are a variety of Intrusion Detection techniques available in the cloud environment, this review paper exposes and focuses on different IDS in cloud networks through different categorizations and conducts comparative study on the security measures of Dropbox, Google Drive and iCloud, to illuminate their strength and weakness in terms of security.展开更多
Over the past years,many efforts have been accomplished to achieve fast and accurate meta-heuristic algorithms to optimize a variety of real-world problems.This study presents a new optimization method based on an unu...Over the past years,many efforts have been accomplished to achieve fast and accurate meta-heuristic algorithms to optimize a variety of real-world problems.This study presents a new optimization method based on an unusual geological phenomenon in nature,named Geyser inspired Algorithm(GEA).The mathematical modeling of this geological phenomenon is carried out to have a better understanding of the optimization process.The efficiency and accuracy of GEA are verified using statistical examination and convergence rate comparison on numerous CEC 2005,CEC 2014,CEC 2017,and real-parameter benchmark functions.Moreover,GEA has been applied to several real-parameter engineering optimization problems to evaluate its effectiveness.In addition,to demonstrate the applicability and robustness of GEA,a comprehensive investigation is performed for a fair comparison with other standard optimization methods.The results demonstrate that GEA is noticeably prosperous in reaching the optimal solutions with a high convergence rate in comparison with other well-known nature-inspired algorithms,including ABC,BBO,PSO,and RCGA.Note that the source code of the GEA is publicly available at https://www.optim-app.com/projects/gea.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT2i)significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular(CV)and renal adverse events in patients with diabetes mellitus,heart failure(HF)and/or chronic kidney diseas...BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT2i)significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular(CV)and renal adverse events in patients with diabetes mellitus,heart failure(HF)and/or chronic kidney disease.We performed a meta-analysis to explore the impact of several different SGLT2i on all-cause mortality,CV mortality,HF hospitalizations and the combined outcome CV death/HF hospitalization in HF patients across the spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)phenotypes.METHODS A systematic search in MEDLINE database and Cochrane library through March 2021 was performed without limitations.Randomized clinical trials that provided data about the impact of SGLT2i on all-cause mortality,CV mortality,HF hospitalizations or the combined outcome of CV death/HF hospitalization in HF patients were included.A random effects model was used for calculating the effect estimates.RESULTS Nine studies(n=16,723 patients,mean age:65.9 years,males:70.7%)were included in the quantitative synthesis.Compared to placebo,SGLT2i use was associated with 14%lower risk of all-cause mortality[hazard ratio(HR)=0.86,95%CI:0.78−0.94,I^(2)=0,P=0.0008],32%lower risk of HF hospitalizations(HR=0.68,95%CI:0.62−0.74,I^(2)=0,P<0.001),14%lower risk of CV mortality(HR=0.86,95%CI:0.77−0.95,I^(2)=0,P=0.003)and 26%lower risk of CV death/HF hospitalization(HR=0.74,95%CI:0.68−0.80,I^(2)=0,P<0.001).Regarding the safety outcomes,our data revealed no significant differences between SGLT2i and placebo groups in drug related discontinuations,amputations,severe hypoglycemia,hypotension,volume depletion,ketoacidosis and genital infections.By contrast,a protective role of SGLT2i against placebo was found for serious adverse events and acute kidney injury.CONCLUSIONS In patients with HF,regardless of LVEF phenotype,all SGLT2i had an excellent safety profile and significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality,CV mortality,HF hospitalizations and CV deaths/HF hospitalizations compared to placebo.展开更多
Virtual manufacturing is one of the key components of Industry 4.0,the fourth industrial revolution,in improving manufacturing processes.Virtual manufacturing enables manufacturers to optimize their production process...Virtual manufacturing is one of the key components of Industry 4.0,the fourth industrial revolution,in improving manufacturing processes.Virtual manufacturing enables manufacturers to optimize their production processes using real-time data from sensors and other connected devices in Industry 4.0.Web-based virtual manufacturing platforms are a critical component of Industry 4.0,enabling manufacturers to design,test,and optimize their processes collaboratively and efficiently.In Industry 4.0,radio frequency identification(RFID)technology is used to provide real-time visibility and control of the supply chain as well as to enable the automation of various manufacturing processes.Big data analytics can be used in conjunction with virtual manufacturing to provide valuable insights and optimize production processes in Industry 4.0.Artificial intelligence(AI)and virtual manufacturing have the potential to enhance the effectiveness,consistency,and adaptability of manufacturing processes,resulting in faster production cycles,better-quality products,and lower prices.Recent developments in the application of virtual manufacturing systems to digital manufacturing platforms from different perspectives,such as the Internet of things,big data analytics,additive manufacturing,autonomous robots,cybersecurity,and RFID technology in Industry 4.0,are discussed in this study to analyze and develop the part manufacturing process in Industry 4.0.The limitations and advantages of virtual manufacturing systems in Industry 4.0 are discussed,and future research projects are also proposed.Thus,productivity in the part manufacturing process can be enhanced by reviewing and analyzing the applications of virtual manufacturing in Industry 4.0.展开更多
AIM： To compare the prevalence of hepatitis viral markers among soldiers from Turkey, blood donors from Northern Cyprus, and soldiers from Northern Cyprus. METHODS： Hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg）, anti-HCV an...AIM： To compare the prevalence of hepatitis viral markers among soldiers from Turkey, blood donors from Northern Cyprus, and soldiers from Northern Cyprus. METHODS： Hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg）, anti-HCV and anti-human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） seroprevalence, HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HCV genotyping among soldiers from Turkey （group Ⅰ ）, civil blood donors from Northern Cyprus （group Ⅱ ）, and soldier candidates from Northern Cyprus （group Ⅲ） were studied and compared to one another. In total, 17 545 cases （13 546 males and 3999 females with a mean age of 34.5 ± 10.3 year, group Ⅰ = 11234, group Ⅱ = 5057, and group Ⅲ = 1254） were included into the study. RESULTS： Among all cases, HBsAg positivity rates were 2.46%, anti-HCV was 0.46% and anti-HIV was 0.00%. HBV DNA was 2.25%, HCV RNA was 0.33% in all groups. HBsAg positivity rates were 2.16% in group Ⅰ, 3.00% in group Ⅱ and 2.71% in group Ⅲ. There was a significant difference between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ （χ^2= 6.11, P = 0.047 〈 0.05）. Anti-HCV positivity rates were 0.45% in group Ⅰ, 0.45% in group Ⅱ, and 0.56% in group Ⅲ. Genotypes of HCV were 1b and 1a in group Ⅰ, 1b, 1a and 2 in group Ⅱ, and tb, 1a in group Ⅲ. HBsAg carrier rates were 2.20% in females and 2.53% in males. Anti-HCV prevalence was 0.38% in females and 0.48% in males. HBsAg positivity rates were 2.53% in individuals younger than 50, and 1.47% in older than 50. There was a significant difference between the two groups （χ^2 =23.48, P = 0.001） CONCLUSION： Prevalences of HBsAg, HCV and HIV infections in Northern Cyprus population are similar to those of Turkey.展开更多
This study investigated the integration of geospatial technologies within smart city frameworks to achieve the European Union’s climate neutrality goals by 2050. Focusing on rapid urbanization and escalating climate ...This study investigated the integration of geospatial technologies within smart city frameworks to achieve the European Union’s climate neutrality goals by 2050. Focusing on rapid urbanization and escalating climate challenges, the research analyzed how smart city frameworks, aligned with climate neutrality objectives, leverage geospatial technologies for urban planning and climate action. The study included case studies from three leading European cities, extracting lessons and best practices in implementing Climate City Contracts across sectors like energy, transport, and waste management. These insights highlighted the essential role of EU and national authorities in providing technical, regulatory, and financial support. Additionally, the paper presented the application of a WEBGIS platform in Limassol Municipality, Cyprus, demonstrating citizen engagement and acceptance of the proposed geospatial framework. Concluding with recommendations for future research, the study contributed significant insights into the advancement of urban sustainability and the effectiveness of geospatial technologies in smart city initiatives for combating climate change.展开更多
Earthquakes are classified as one of the most devastating natural disasters that can have catastrophic effects on the environment,lives,and properties.There has been an increasing interest in the prediction of earthqu...Earthquakes are classified as one of the most devastating natural disasters that can have catastrophic effects on the environment,lives,and properties.There has been an increasing interest in the prediction of earthquakes and in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that underlie their generation,yet earthquakes are the least predictable natural disaster.Satellite data,global positioning system,interferometry synthetic aperture radar(InSAR),and seismometers such as microelectromechanical system,seismometers,ocean bottom seismometers,and distributed acoustic sensing systems have all been used to predict earthquakes with a high degree of success.Despite advances in seismic wave recording,storage,and analysis,earthquake time,location,and magnitude prediction remain difficult.On the other hand,new developments in artificial intelligence(AI)and the Internet of Things(IoT)have shown promising potential to deliver more insights and predictions.Thus,this article reviewed the use of AI-driven Models and IoT-based technologies for the prediction of earthquakes,the limitations of current approaches,and open research issues.The review discusses earthquake prediction setbacks due to insufficient data,inconsistencies,diversity of earthquake precursor signals,and the earth’s geophysical composition.Finally,this study examines potential approaches or solutions that scientists can employ to address the challenges they face in earthquake prediction.The analysis is based on the successful application of AI and IoT in other fields.展开更多
基金Supported in part by National Key Basic Research Program of China (2015CB856700)National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (11335008,11425524, 11625523, 11635010, 11735014, 11822506, 11935018)+18 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Large-Scale Scientific Facility Programthe CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics (CCEPP)Joint Large-Scale Scientific Facility Funds of the NSFC and CAS (U1532257, U1532258, U1732263)CAS Key Research Program of Frontier Science (QYZDJ-SSW-SLH003, QYZDJ-SSW-SLH040)100 Talents Program of CASCAS PIFIthe Thousand Talents Program of ChinaIN-PAC and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyGerman Research Foundation DFG under Contracts NosCollaborative Research Center CRC 1044, FOR 2359Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, ItalyKoninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW) (530-4CDP03)Ministry of Development of Turkey (DPT2006K-120470)National Science and Technology fundThe Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (Sweden) (2016.0157)The Swedish Research CouncilU. S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-05ER41374, DESC-0010118, DE-SC-0012069)University of Groningen (Ru G) and the Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung Gmb H (GSI), Darmstadtthe Russian Ministry of Science and Higher Education (14.W03.31.0026).
文摘There has recently been a dramatic renewal of interest in hadron spectroscopy and charm physics. This renaissance has been driven in part by the discovery of a plethora of charmonium-like XYZ states at BESⅢ and B factories, and the observation of an intriguing proton-antiproton threshold enhancement and the possibly related X(1835) meson state at BESⅢ, as well as the threshold measurements of charm mesons and charm baryons. We present a detailed survey of the important topics in tau-charm physics and hadron physics that can be further explored at BESⅢ during the remaining operation period of BEPCⅡ. This survey will help in the optimization of the data-taking plan over the coming years, and provides physics motivation for the possible upgrade of BEPCⅡ to higher luminosity.
文摘AIM: To investigate efficacy and safety of cetuximab combined with two chemotherapy regimens in patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). METHODS: Randomized patients received cetuximab with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), folinic acid (FA) and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) 6 (arm A, n = 74) or 5-FU, FA and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) (arm B, n = 77). KRAS mutation status was determined retrospectively in a subset of tumors (n = 117). RESULTS: No significant difference was found between treatment arms A and B in the progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 9 mo, 45% vs 34%; median PFS, 8.6 mo vs 8.3 mo [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.06]; overall response rate (ORR) 43% vs 45% [odds ratio (OR) = 0.93] and median overall survival (OS), 17.4 mo vs 18.9 mo (HR = 0.98). Patients with KRAS wild-type tumors demonstrated improved PFS (HR = 0.55, P = 0.0051), OS, (HR = 0.62, P = 0.0296) and ORR (53% vs 36%) and in arm A, improved PFS (HR = 0.49, P = 0.0196), OS (HR = 0.48, P = 0.0201) and ORR (56%vs 30%), compared with patients with KRAS mutated tumors. In arm B no significant differences were found in efficacy by KRAS mutation status. Treatment in arms A and B was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that combinations of cetuximab with FOLFOX6 or FOLFIRI are effective and significantly improve clinical outcome in KRAS wild-type compared with KRAS mutated mCRC.
文摘Liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinomas are two of the most common causes of cancer deaths in the world.Radiofrequency ablation(RFA) is a well recognized,effective and minimally invasive means of treating malignant hepatic tumors.This article describes the use of contrast-enhanced 3D ultrasound(CE-3DUS) in the staging,targeting and follow-up of patients with liver tumors undergoing RFA.In particular,its value in the management of large hepatic lesions will be illustrated.Current limitations of CE-3DUS and future developments in the technique will also be discussed.In summary,CE-3DUS is useful in the RFA of liver tumors with improved detection and display of occult lesions and recurrence,in the assessment of lesional geometry and orientation for a more accurate planning and guidance of multiple RFA needle electrodes in large tumors and in the evaluation of residual or recurrent disease within the immediate and/or subsequent follow-up periods.
基金This work was financially supported by the Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1937204 and 51905124)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M661278).
文摘Complex thin-walled titanium alloy components play a key role in the aircraft,aerospace and marine industries,offering the advantages of reduced weight and increased thermal resistance.The geometrical complexity,dimensional accuracy and in-service properties are essential to fulfill the high-performance standards required in new transportation systems,which brings new challenges to titanium alloy forming technologies.Traditional forming processes,such as superplastic forming or hot pressing,cannot meet all demands of modern applications due to their limited properties,low productivity and high cost.This has encouraged industry and research groups to develop novel high-efficiency forming processes.Hot gas pressure forming and hot stamping-quenching technologies have been developed for the manufacture of tubular and panel components,and are believed to be the cut-edge processes guaranteeing dimensional accuracy,microstructure and mechanical properties.This article intends to provide a critical review of high-efficiency titanium alloy forming processes,concentrating on latest investigations of controlling dimensional accuracy,microstructure and properties.The advantages and limitations of individual forming process are comprehensively analyzed,through which,future research trends of high-efficiency forming are identified including trends in process integration,processing window design,full cycle and multi-objective optimization.This review aims to provide a guide for researchers and process designers on the manufacture of thin-walled titanium alloy components whilst achieving high dimensional accuracy and satisfying performance properties with high efficiency and low cost.
文摘Circulating bone-marrow-derived cells,named endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs),are capable of maintaining,generating,and replacing terminally differentiated cells within their own specific tissue as a consequence of physiological cell turnover or tissue damage due to injury.Endothelium maintenance and restoration of normal endothelial cell function is guaranteed by a complex physiological procedure in which EPCs play a significant role.Decreased number of peripheral blood EPCs has been associated with endothelial dysfunction and high cardiovascular risk.In this review,we initially report current knowledge with regard to the role of EPCs in healthy subjects and the clinical value of EPCs in different disease populations such as arterial hypertension,obstructive sleep-apnea syndrome,obesity,diabetes mellitus,peripheral arterial disease,coronary artery disease,pulmonary hypertension,and heart failure.Recent studies have introduced the novel concept that physical activity,either performed as a single exercise session or performed as part of an exercise training program,results in a significant increase of circulating EPCs.In the second part of this review we provide preliminary evidence from recent studies investigating the effects of acute and long-term exercise in healthy subjects and athletes as well as in disease populations.
文摘Background:Vulvovaginitis is the most common cause of gynecological complaints in children and young girls.Some of the factors which cause vulvovaginitis include hypoestrogenism,the anatomical proximity of rectum and delicate vulvar skin and vaginal mucosa.Data sources:We made a literature search with Pubmed,Medline and Cochrane database from January 2002 to May 2015 in English language using the key words vulvovaginitis,children,clinical,diagnosis and treatment.Results:Vulvovaginitis in girls is usually caused by non-specific factors and hygiene measures,bioyoghurt and avoidance of chemical irritants are generally useful.Weight control if necessary and prevention of voiding dysfunction are effective.Vaginal flora is important in girls and results should be interpreted with clinical features to decide whether an isolated microorganism is part of the normal microflora or is the cause of symptomatic vulvovaginitis.Specific treatment is generally considered in case of a detected pathogen microorganism.Isolation of a sexually transmitted organism requires further investigation.Persistent disease may not always indicate a foreign body but it must be taken into account.Girls and parents are encouraged psychologically in all steps of evaluation,diagnosis and treatment.Probiotics,nanotechnology and petroleum jelly are other important treatment options used in vulvovaginitis.Conclusions:In this review,we present current approach to the presentation and management of vulvovaginitis in childhood.This disorder requires a comprehensive evaluation in all steps of diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment.
基金the“ATHENA”project H2020-TWINN2015 of European Commissionthe European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under[grant agreement number 691936].
文摘The outcome of patents on environmental(POET)technologies on the EF in the USA has not been com-prehensively explored.Therefore,to close this breach in the literature,the present study discovers how patents on ecological technologies affect ecological footprint(EF)in the USA while regulatory for GDP and EC using the Fourier-based approaches.The conclusions of the present study reveal that POET are an important predictor of EF in the USA and cause a reduction in ecological deprivation in the long run;as expected,economic growth negatively affects environmental sustainability.The outcomes suggest that it is possible to resolve conflicts between the economy and the environment by using technological inno-vation.The USA government must reconsider its policy focus,particularly on coal energy sourcing and industrial energy,while continuing with heavy investments in its ambitious renewable energy technol-ogy development plan.Moreover,the government should continue to promote investments in environ-mental technologies.
文摘The gut microbiome has emerged as a critical player in cancer pathogenesis and treatment response.Dysbiosis,an imbalance in the gut microbial community,impacts tumor initiation,progression,and therapy outcomes.Specific bacterial species have been associated with either promoting or inhibiting tumor growth,offering potential targets for therapeutic intervention.The gut microbiome in-fluences the efficacy and toxicity of conventional treatments and cutting-edge immunotherapies,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer care.However,translating microbiome research into clinical practice requires addres-sing challenges such as standardizing methodologies,validating microbial bio-markers,and ensuring ethical considerations.Here,we provide a comprehensive overview of the gut microbiome's role in cancer highlighting the need for on-going research,collaboration,and innovation to harness its full potential for im-proving patient outcomes in oncology.The current editorial aims to explore these insights and emphasizes the need for standardized methodologies,validation of microbial biomarkers,and interdisciplinary collaboration to translate microbiome research into clinical applications.Furthermore,it underscores ethical consider-ations and regulatory challenges surrounding the use of microbiome-based the-rapies.Together,this article advocates for ongoing research,collaboration,and innovation to realize the full potential of microbiome-guided oncology in impro-ving patient care and outcomes.
基金supported by the Projects of humanities and social sciences of Cultivating plan for 1000 young and middleaged backbone teachers in Guangxi Universities-Research on the impact of environmental regulation evolution on corporate green and green investment in the dual-carbon environment(Grant No.2022QGRW059).
文摘Renewable energy,energy efficiency,and nuclear energy research and development(RER,EER,and NER)budgets are immensely important to fulfill sustainable development goals 7,9,and 13,by accelerating energy innovation,energy transition,and climate control.The literature on the drivers of the load capacity factor(LCF),a recently developed ecological quality measure,is mounting;however,the roles of energy investments in the LCF are largely unknown.Accordingly,this study assesses the impacts of RER,EER,NER,and financial globalization(FIG)on the LCF using data from 1974 to 2018 for Germany.Advanced and reliable time series tests(Augmented ARDL,DOLS,and Fourier causality)are adopted to analyze cointegration,long-run impacts,and causal connections.The outcomes unveil that both green energy and energy efficiency R&D promote the LCF by enhancing ecological quality.However,the positive impact of NER on the LCF is found to be weaker than the impacts of RER and EER.FIG curbs ecological degradation by expanding the LCF.Additionally,the U-shaped connection between economic growth(ECG)and the LCF confirms the load capacity curve.Therefore,policymakers should focus on RER and EER to preserve the environment and promote sustainable growth.
基金Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(17H04930,20K22417,21H04555)Noguchi Institute+5 种基金Murata Science FoundationTelecommunications Advancement FoundationYazaki Memorial Foundation for Science and TechnologyTakahashi Industrial and Economic Research FoundationEuropean Regional Development Fundthe Republic of Cyprus through the Research and Innovation Foundation(INTEGRATED/0918/0031)。
文摘Aging degradation and seismic damage of civil infrastructures have become a serious issue for society,and one promising technology for monitoring their conditions is optical fiber sensing.Glass optical fibers have been predominantly used for the past several decades to develop fiber sensors,but currently polymer or plastic optical fibers(POFs)have also been used extensively to develop advanced fiber sensors because of their unique features,such as high flexibility,large breakage strain,and impact resistance.This review focuses on recently developed distributed and quasi-distributed POF-based sensing techniques based on Rayleigh scattering,Brillouin scattering,and fiber Bragg gratings.
基金Y.W.acknowledges the financial support of Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52171262)Science and Technology Innovation Committee of Shenzhen(Grant No.JCYJ20210324103812033)for conducting this study.
文摘Microbial-Induced Carbonate Precipitation(MICP)is a naturally occurring process whereby bacteria produce enzymes that accelerate the precipitation of calcium carbonate.This process is facilitated through various bacterial activities,including ureolysis,sulfate reduction,iron reduction,and denitrification.The application of MICP has been widespread in a range of engineering fields,such as geotechnical,concrete,environmental,and oil and gas engineering for soil stabilization,concrete remediation,heavy metal solidification,and permeability control.Numerous review papers have been published that summarize the mechanisms and properties associated with different MICP applications.The purpose of this review paper is to provide a comprehensive summary of the various engineering applications of MICP,along with the mechanisms,materials,and engineering properties associated with each application.By comparing the similarities and differences in MICP research progress across different engineering fields,this review aims to increase understanding of MICP,stimulate new research ideas,and accelerate the development of MICP techniques.
文摘This study analyzes the impact of biomass energy,financial development,and economic growth on environmental quality using the novel Fourier autoregressive distributed lag(ARDL)approach on annual data for the period 1965–2018 in the United States(USA).The study analyzes the impact of related variables on the load capacity factor(LCF)as well as on indicators of environmental degradation such as carbon dioxide emissions and ecological footprint.The LCF is one of the most comprehensive environmental indicators to date,encompassing both biocapacity and ecological footprint.In this regard,this study contributes to the environmental economics literature by examining,for the first time,the impact of biomass energy on the LCF.The results of the cointegration test show that there is only a long-run relationship between the LCF and the independent variables.According to the Fourier ARDL results,biomass energy improves the environmental quality,while financial development has no effect on the LCF.Moreover,the increase in per capita income reduces the LCF.Furthermore,since the income elasticity is larger in the long run than in the short-run,the environmental Kuznets curve is validated.Therefore,the United States government should encourage the use of biomass and investment in this form of energy.
文摘Cloud computing has become one of the most projecting words in the IT world due to its design for providing computing service as a utility. The typical use of cloud computing as a resource has changed the scenery of computing. Due to the increased flexibility, better reliability, great scalability, and decreased costs have captivated businesses and individuals alike because of the pay-per-use form of the cloud environment. Cloud computing is a completely internet dependent technology where client data are stored and maintained in the data center of a cloud provider like Google, Amazon, Apple Inc., Microsoft etc. The Anomaly Detection System is one of the Intrusion Detection techniques. It’s an area in the cloud environment that is been developed in the detection of unusual activities in the cloud networks. Although, there are a variety of Intrusion Detection techniques available in the cloud environment, this review paper exposes and focuses on different IDS in cloud networks through different categorizations and conducts comparative study on the security measures of Dropbox, Google Drive and iCloud, to illuminate their strength and weakness in terms of security.
文摘Over the past years,many efforts have been accomplished to achieve fast and accurate meta-heuristic algorithms to optimize a variety of real-world problems.This study presents a new optimization method based on an unusual geological phenomenon in nature,named Geyser inspired Algorithm(GEA).The mathematical modeling of this geological phenomenon is carried out to have a better understanding of the optimization process.The efficiency and accuracy of GEA are verified using statistical examination and convergence rate comparison on numerous CEC 2005,CEC 2014,CEC 2017,and real-parameter benchmark functions.Moreover,GEA has been applied to several real-parameter engineering optimization problems to evaluate its effectiveness.In addition,to demonstrate the applicability and robustness of GEA,a comprehensive investigation is performed for a fair comparison with other standard optimization methods.The results demonstrate that GEA is noticeably prosperous in reaching the optimal solutions with a high convergence rate in comparison with other well-known nature-inspired algorithms,including ABC,BBO,PSO,and RCGA.Note that the source code of the GEA is publicly available at https://www.optim-app.com/projects/gea.
文摘BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT2i)significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular(CV)and renal adverse events in patients with diabetes mellitus,heart failure(HF)and/or chronic kidney disease.We performed a meta-analysis to explore the impact of several different SGLT2i on all-cause mortality,CV mortality,HF hospitalizations and the combined outcome CV death/HF hospitalization in HF patients across the spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)phenotypes.METHODS A systematic search in MEDLINE database and Cochrane library through March 2021 was performed without limitations.Randomized clinical trials that provided data about the impact of SGLT2i on all-cause mortality,CV mortality,HF hospitalizations or the combined outcome of CV death/HF hospitalization in HF patients were included.A random effects model was used for calculating the effect estimates.RESULTS Nine studies(n=16,723 patients,mean age:65.9 years,males:70.7%)were included in the quantitative synthesis.Compared to placebo,SGLT2i use was associated with 14%lower risk of all-cause mortality[hazard ratio(HR)=0.86,95%CI:0.78−0.94,I^(2)=0,P=0.0008],32%lower risk of HF hospitalizations(HR=0.68,95%CI:0.62−0.74,I^(2)=0,P<0.001),14%lower risk of CV mortality(HR=0.86,95%CI:0.77−0.95,I^(2)=0,P=0.003)and 26%lower risk of CV death/HF hospitalization(HR=0.74,95%CI:0.68−0.80,I^(2)=0,P<0.001).Regarding the safety outcomes,our data revealed no significant differences between SGLT2i and placebo groups in drug related discontinuations,amputations,severe hypoglycemia,hypotension,volume depletion,ketoacidosis and genital infections.By contrast,a protective role of SGLT2i against placebo was found for serious adverse events and acute kidney injury.CONCLUSIONS In patients with HF,regardless of LVEF phenotype,all SGLT2i had an excellent safety profile and significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality,CV mortality,HF hospitalizations and CV deaths/HF hospitalizations compared to placebo.
文摘Virtual manufacturing is one of the key components of Industry 4.0,the fourth industrial revolution,in improving manufacturing processes.Virtual manufacturing enables manufacturers to optimize their production processes using real-time data from sensors and other connected devices in Industry 4.0.Web-based virtual manufacturing platforms are a critical component of Industry 4.0,enabling manufacturers to design,test,and optimize their processes collaboratively and efficiently.In Industry 4.0,radio frequency identification(RFID)technology is used to provide real-time visibility and control of the supply chain as well as to enable the automation of various manufacturing processes.Big data analytics can be used in conjunction with virtual manufacturing to provide valuable insights and optimize production processes in Industry 4.0.Artificial intelligence(AI)and virtual manufacturing have the potential to enhance the effectiveness,consistency,and adaptability of manufacturing processes,resulting in faster production cycles,better-quality products,and lower prices.Recent developments in the application of virtual manufacturing systems to digital manufacturing platforms from different perspectives,such as the Internet of things,big data analytics,additive manufacturing,autonomous robots,cybersecurity,and RFID technology in Industry 4.0,are discussed in this study to analyze and develop the part manufacturing process in Industry 4.0.The limitations and advantages of virtual manufacturing systems in Industry 4.0 are discussed,and future research projects are also proposed.Thus,productivity in the part manufacturing process can be enhanced by reviewing and analyzing the applications of virtual manufacturing in Industry 4.0.
文摘AIM： To compare the prevalence of hepatitis viral markers among soldiers from Turkey, blood donors from Northern Cyprus, and soldiers from Northern Cyprus. METHODS： Hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg）, anti-HCV and anti-human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） seroprevalence, HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HCV genotyping among soldiers from Turkey （group Ⅰ ）, civil blood donors from Northern Cyprus （group Ⅱ ）, and soldier candidates from Northern Cyprus （group Ⅲ） were studied and compared to one another. In total, 17 545 cases （13 546 males and 3999 females with a mean age of 34.5 ± 10.3 year, group Ⅰ = 11234, group Ⅱ = 5057, and group Ⅲ = 1254） were included into the study. RESULTS： Among all cases, HBsAg positivity rates were 2.46%, anti-HCV was 0.46% and anti-HIV was 0.00%. HBV DNA was 2.25%, HCV RNA was 0.33% in all groups. HBsAg positivity rates were 2.16% in group Ⅰ, 3.00% in group Ⅱ and 2.71% in group Ⅲ. There was a significant difference between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ （χ^2= 6.11, P = 0.047 〈 0.05）. Anti-HCV positivity rates were 0.45% in group Ⅰ, 0.45% in group Ⅱ, and 0.56% in group Ⅲ. Genotypes of HCV were 1b and 1a in group Ⅰ, 1b, 1a and 2 in group Ⅱ, and tb, 1a in group Ⅲ. HBsAg carrier rates were 2.20% in females and 2.53% in males. Anti-HCV prevalence was 0.38% in females and 0.48% in males. HBsAg positivity rates were 2.53% in individuals younger than 50, and 1.47% in older than 50. There was a significant difference between the two groups （χ^2 =23.48, P = 0.001） CONCLUSION： Prevalences of HBsAg, HCV and HIV infections in Northern Cyprus population are similar to those of Turkey.
文摘This study investigated the integration of geospatial technologies within smart city frameworks to achieve the European Union’s climate neutrality goals by 2050. Focusing on rapid urbanization and escalating climate challenges, the research analyzed how smart city frameworks, aligned with climate neutrality objectives, leverage geospatial technologies for urban planning and climate action. The study included case studies from three leading European cities, extracting lessons and best practices in implementing Climate City Contracts across sectors like energy, transport, and waste management. These insights highlighted the essential role of EU and national authorities in providing technical, regulatory, and financial support. Additionally, the paper presented the application of a WEBGIS platform in Limassol Municipality, Cyprus, demonstrating citizen engagement and acceptance of the proposed geospatial framework. Concluding with recommendations for future research, the study contributed significant insights into the advancement of urban sustainability and the effectiveness of geospatial technologies in smart city initiatives for combating climate change.
文摘Earthquakes are classified as one of the most devastating natural disasters that can have catastrophic effects on the environment,lives,and properties.There has been an increasing interest in the prediction of earthquakes and in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that underlie their generation,yet earthquakes are the least predictable natural disaster.Satellite data,global positioning system,interferometry synthetic aperture radar(InSAR),and seismometers such as microelectromechanical system,seismometers,ocean bottom seismometers,and distributed acoustic sensing systems have all been used to predict earthquakes with a high degree of success.Despite advances in seismic wave recording,storage,and analysis,earthquake time,location,and magnitude prediction remain difficult.On the other hand,new developments in artificial intelligence(AI)and the Internet of Things(IoT)have shown promising potential to deliver more insights and predictions.Thus,this article reviewed the use of AI-driven Models and IoT-based technologies for the prediction of earthquakes,the limitations of current approaches,and open research issues.The review discusses earthquake prediction setbacks due to insufficient data,inconsistencies,diversity of earthquake precursor signals,and the earth’s geophysical composition.Finally,this study examines potential approaches or solutions that scientists can employ to address the challenges they face in earthquake prediction.The analysis is based on the successful application of AI and IoT in other fields.
