Information on the physicochemical properties of chemical species is an important prerequisite when performing tasks such as process design and product design.However,the lack of extensive data and high experimental c...Information on the physicochemical properties of chemical species is an important prerequisite when performing tasks such as process design and product design.However,the lack of extensive data and high experimental costs hinder the development of prediction techniques for these properties.Moreover,accuracy and predictive capabilities still limit the scope and applicability of most property estimation methods.This paper proposes a new Gaussian process-based modeling framework that aims to manage a discrete and high-dimensional input space related to molecular structure representation with the group-contribution approach.A warping function is used to map discrete input into a continuous domain in order to adjust the correlation between different compounds.Prior selection techniques,including prior elicitation and prior predictive checking,are also applied during the building procedure to provide the model with more information from previous research findings.The framework is assessed using datasets of varying sizes for 20 pure component properties.For 18 out of the 20 pure component properties,the new models are found to give improved accuracy and predictive power in comparison with other published models,with and without machine learning.展开更多
This article explores how Chinese calligraphy has evolved in the modern world,utilizing one particular focus:water calligraphy.Water calligraphy is a fascinating,non-invasive,and communal form of street art.It reconte...This article explores how Chinese calligraphy has evolved in the modern world,utilizing one particular focus:water calligraphy.Water calligraphy is a fascinating,non-invasive,and communal form of street art.It recontextualizes traditional calligraphy and offers insight into modern Chinese society and the concepts of art and creation.The simple trade of ink and paper for water and the ground has produced one highly intriguing practice.The following article will go through water calligraphy's link to modernity,its general appeal,and my own personal experience attempting it.展开更多
Starting in the 1960s,a great deal of effort and capital was invested in an endeavor to significantlyimprove the quality of surface water around the United States,particularly in metropolises like New YorkCity,New Yor...Starting in the 1960s,a great deal of effort and capital was invested in an endeavor to significantlyimprove the quality of surface water around the United States,particularly in metropolises like New YorkCity,New York.The Hudson River has been at the forefront of these efforts and has benefited immenselyfrom this campaign.In parts of the developing world,such as China,similar efforts are beginning to gatherthe same type of momentum.Within the past decade,the Huangpu River,which flows through Shanghaiinto the Yangtze Estuary of China,has been a target for ecological restoration and management.It is possibleto draw parallels between the cleanup efforts involved in improving the environmental conditions of theHuangpu and Hudson Rivers.Using the methodologies of series comparison(SCM),water quality index(WQI)modeling,consideration of ecological engineering,and policy strategy design,we comparativelystudied the topography,functions,environmental conditions,ecological engineering countermeasures,andmanagement policies of the two rivers to assist future forecasting of ecological restoration efforts in China.展开更多
According to the World Health Organization, around two million people die prematurely from the effects of polluted air every single year. Air pollution is a huge problem espe- cially for people living in ＂smog-choked...According to the World Health Organization, around two million people die prematurely from the effects of polluted air every single year. Air pollution is a huge problem espe- cially for people living in ＂smog-choked＂ cities. In China, these polluted cities accumulate at Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta regions, in- volving 19 provincial level jurisdictions and 117 cities. These places are called the key regions because of these three regions. These areas cover only 14% of the country＇s land area, but account for nearly half （48%） of the country＇s population, 71% of the nation＇s GDP, 52% of the country＇s coal consumption. More significantly, the air pollutant emission level is 2.9-3.6 times higher than the nation＇s av- erage. Therefore, a comprehensive plan of pollution control is desperately needed. Fortunately, on December 5, 2012, the Chinese government issued a comprehensive air pollu- tion prevention and control plan named ＂12th Five-Year Plan on Air Pollution Prevention and Control in Key Regions＂. The plan has a long list of specific projects that are estimated to require 55.6 billion USD （350 billion RMB） investment （http：//www.epa.gov/ogc/china/air%20pollution. pdf）. What is the goal of this plan？ Is there any problem？展开更多
J. E Park presents a multifaceted view of cultural life in the late Ming dynasty through his examination of the production of painting manuals. The book＇s aim is to answer certain key questions, the first of which is...J. E Park presents a multifaceted view of cultural life in the late Ming dynasty through his examination of the production of painting manuals. The book＇s aim is to answer certain key questions, the first of which is why at this time in Chinese history so many manuals were printed. The answer is a complex one that involves the urbanization that took place during the later Ming and the growing number of literate members of society did not enter civil service.展开更多
In this report, we demonstrate a novel technique for the microscopic patterning of gold by combining the photoreduction of Au^(Ⅲ)Br_(2)^(-)to Au^(Ⅰ)Br_(2)^(-)and the electrochemical reduction of Au^(Ⅰ)Br_(2)^(-)to ...In this report, we demonstrate a novel technique for the microscopic patterning of gold by combining the photoreduction of Au^(Ⅲ)Br_(2)^(-)to Au^(Ⅰ)Br_(2)^(-)and the electrochemical reduction of Au^(Ⅰ)Br_(2)^(-)to elemental gold in a single step within solution. While mask-based methods have been the norm for electroplating, the adoption of direct laser writing for flexible, real-time patterning has not been widespread. Through irradiation using a 405 nm laser and applying a voltage corresponding to a selective potential window specific to Au^(Ⅰ)Br_(2)^(-), we have shown that we can locally deposit elemental gold at the focal point of the laser. In addition to demonstrating the feasibility of the technique, we have collected data on the kinetics of the photoreduction reaction in ethanol and have deduced its rate law. We have confirmed the selective deposition of Au^(Ⅰ)Br_(2)^(-) within a potential window through controlled potential electrolysis experiments and through direct measurement on a quartz crystal microbalance. Finally, we have verified local deposition through scanning electron microscopy.展开更多
Using coherent light, we analyze the temporal diffraction at a single point from real-time living C. elegans locomotion in three-dimensional space. We describe the frequency spectrum of single swimming nematodes in an...Using coherent light, we analyze the temporal diffraction at a single point from real-time living C. elegans locomotion in three-dimensional space. We describe the frequency spectrum of single swimming nematodes in an optical cuvette at a single sampling point in the far-field diffraction pattern. An analytical expression of the double slit is used to model the frequency spectra of nematodes as oscillating segments. The frequency spectrum in the diffraction pattern expands discretely and linearly as a multiple of the fundamental frequency with increasing distance from the central maximum. The frequency spectrum of a worm at a single point in the frequency spectrum contains all the frequencies involved in the locomotion and is used to characterize and compare nematodes. The occurrence of resonant frequencies in the dynamic diffraction pattern increases with the distance from the central maximum. The regular spacing of the resonant frequencies is used to identify characteristic swimming frequencies.展开更多
The plant hormone auxin （indole-3-aectic acid [IAA]） has a role in nearly every aspect of plant growth and development. The last two decades have seen rapid progress in the identifi- cation of gene families involved...The plant hormone auxin （indole-3-aectic acid [IAA]） has a role in nearly every aspect of plant growth and development. The last two decades have seen rapid progress in the identifi- cation of gene families involved in auxin transport and signaling.展开更多
Susan Huang＇s Picturing the True Form： Daoist Visual Culture in Traditional China is an important addition to the current bibliography of Daoist studies. The book is a scholarly investigation into the formulation of...Susan Huang＇s Picturing the True Form： Daoist Visual Culture in Traditional China is an important addition to the current bibliography of Daoist studies. The book is a scholarly investigation into the formulation of the rich visual vocabulary and diverse formats used to express the complex and manifold corpus of Daoist beliefs and practices. Prominent among these is the challenge of finding the means to pictorially convey the ever-changing true form, or zhenxing,展开更多
Neoliberal globalism sold the ideal of the global economy as a level playing field in which the winners and losers are determined purely by competitive advantage.The international market was offered up as the ultimate...Neoliberal globalism sold the ideal of the global economy as a level playing field in which the winners and losers are determined purely by competitive advantage.The international market was offered up as the ultimate venue for a peaceful convergence toward a "global village."But in a breathtakingly abrupt reversal,the West killed off globalism.But why?And has it abandoned neoliberalism altogether?展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22150410338 and 61973268)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Information on the physicochemical properties of chemical species is an important prerequisite when performing tasks such as process design and product design.However,the lack of extensive data and high experimental costs hinder the development of prediction techniques for these properties.Moreover,accuracy and predictive capabilities still limit the scope and applicability of most property estimation methods.This paper proposes a new Gaussian process-based modeling framework that aims to manage a discrete and high-dimensional input space related to molecular structure representation with the group-contribution approach.A warping function is used to map discrete input into a continuous domain in order to adjust the correlation between different compounds.Prior selection techniques,including prior elicitation and prior predictive checking,are also applied during the building procedure to provide the model with more information from previous research findings.The framework is assessed using datasets of varying sizes for 20 pure component properties.For 18 out of the 20 pure component properties,the new models are found to give improved accuracy and predictive power in comparison with other published models,with and without machine learning.
文摘This article explores how Chinese calligraphy has evolved in the modern world,utilizing one particular focus:water calligraphy.Water calligraphy is a fascinating,non-invasive,and communal form of street art.It recontextualizes traditional calligraphy and offers insight into modern Chinese society and the concepts of art and creation.The simple trade of ink and paper for water and the ground has produced one highly intriguing practice.The following article will go through water calligraphy's link to modernity,its general appeal,and my own personal experience attempting it.
基金supported by the Major Project Foundation of China National Social Science(14ZDB140)Fudan-UK Tyndall Foundat ion(FTC98503B03a,Urban Growth i1)+2 种基金the PhD Station Foundation Project of China National Education Minis-try(No.20060246024)the Scientific Innovation Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.08ZZ03)the Youth Leadership Program(LINCS)of the State Department,USA,the Foundation of Foho Development Zone,Wujiang,Jiangshu,China,and the Think Tank Program of Fudan University(2015).
文摘Starting in the 1960s,a great deal of effort and capital was invested in an endeavor to significantlyimprove the quality of surface water around the United States,particularly in metropolises like New YorkCity,New York.The Hudson River has been at the forefront of these efforts and has benefited immenselyfrom this campaign.In parts of the developing world,such as China,similar efforts are beginning to gatherthe same type of momentum.Within the past decade,the Huangpu River,which flows through Shanghaiinto the Yangtze Estuary of China,has been a target for ecological restoration and management.It is possibleto draw parallels between the cleanup efforts involved in improving the environmental conditions of theHuangpu and Hudson Rivers.Using the methodologies of series comparison(SCM),water quality index(WQI)modeling,consideration of ecological engineering,and policy strategy design,we comparativelystudied the topography,functions,environmental conditions,ecological engineering countermeasures,andmanagement policies of the two rivers to assist future forecasting of ecological restoration efforts in China.
文摘According to the World Health Organization, around two million people die prematurely from the effects of polluted air every single year. Air pollution is a huge problem espe- cially for people living in ＂smog-choked＂ cities. In China, these polluted cities accumulate at Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta regions, in- volving 19 provincial level jurisdictions and 117 cities. These places are called the key regions because of these three regions. These areas cover only 14% of the country＇s land area, but account for nearly half （48%） of the country＇s population, 71% of the nation＇s GDP, 52% of the country＇s coal consumption. More significantly, the air pollutant emission level is 2.9-3.6 times higher than the nation＇s av- erage. Therefore, a comprehensive plan of pollution control is desperately needed. Fortunately, on December 5, 2012, the Chinese government issued a comprehensive air pollu- tion prevention and control plan named ＂12th Five-Year Plan on Air Pollution Prevention and Control in Key Regions＂. The plan has a long list of specific projects that are estimated to require 55.6 billion USD （350 billion RMB） investment （http：//www.epa.gov/ogc/china/air%20pollution. pdf）. What is the goal of this plan？ Is there any problem？
文摘J. E Park presents a multifaceted view of cultural life in the late Ming dynasty through his examination of the production of painting manuals. The book＇s aim is to answer certain key questions, the first of which is why at this time in Chinese history so many manuals were printed. The answer is a complex one that involves the urbanization that took place during the later Ming and the growing number of literate members of society did not enter civil service.
基金The Bard Research Fundthe Bard Summer Research Institutethe Sherman Fairchild Foundation are acknowledged for financial support。
文摘In this report, we demonstrate a novel technique for the microscopic patterning of gold by combining the photoreduction of Au^(Ⅲ)Br_(2)^(-)to Au^(Ⅰ)Br_(2)^(-)and the electrochemical reduction of Au^(Ⅰ)Br_(2)^(-)to elemental gold in a single step within solution. While mask-based methods have been the norm for electroplating, the adoption of direct laser writing for flexible, real-time patterning has not been widespread. Through irradiation using a 405 nm laser and applying a voltage corresponding to a selective potential window specific to Au^(Ⅰ)Br_(2)^(-), we have shown that we can locally deposit elemental gold at the focal point of the laser. In addition to demonstrating the feasibility of the technique, we have collected data on the kinetics of the photoreduction reaction in ethanol and have deduced its rate law. We have confirmed the selective deposition of Au^(Ⅰ)Br_(2)^(-) within a potential window through controlled potential electrolysis experiments and through direct measurement on a quartz crystal microbalance. Finally, we have verified local deposition through scanning electron microscopy.
文摘Using coherent light, we analyze the temporal diffraction at a single point from real-time living C. elegans locomotion in three-dimensional space. We describe the frequency spectrum of single swimming nematodes in an optical cuvette at a single sampling point in the far-field diffraction pattern. An analytical expression of the double slit is used to model the frequency spectra of nematodes as oscillating segments. The frequency spectrum in the diffraction pattern expands discretely and linearly as a multiple of the fundamental frequency with increasing distance from the central maximum. The frequency spectrum of a worm at a single point in the frequency spectrum contains all the frequencies involved in the locomotion and is used to characterize and compare nematodes. The occurrence of resonant frequencies in the dynamic diffraction pattern increases with the distance from the central maximum. The regular spacing of the resonant frequencies is used to identify characteristic swimming frequencies.
文摘The plant hormone auxin （indole-3-aectic acid [IAA]） has a role in nearly every aspect of plant growth and development. The last two decades have seen rapid progress in the identifi- cation of gene families involved in auxin transport and signaling.
文摘Susan Huang＇s Picturing the True Form： Daoist Visual Culture in Traditional China is an important addition to the current bibliography of Daoist studies. The book is a scholarly investigation into the formulation of the rich visual vocabulary and diverse formats used to express the complex and manifold corpus of Daoist beliefs and practices. Prominent among these is the challenge of finding the means to pictorially convey the ever-changing true form, or zhenxing,
文摘Neoliberal globalism sold the ideal of the global economy as a level playing field in which the winners and losers are determined purely by competitive advantage.The international market was offered up as the ultimate venue for a peaceful convergence toward a "global village."But in a breathtakingly abrupt reversal,the West killed off globalism.But why?And has it abandoned neoliberalism altogether?
